The 'Whitley System in the Civil Service. By J. 'H.
Macrae- Gibson. (Fabian Society. ls:)—This well-written pamphlet gives a lucid account of the national and departmental councils set up in' the Civil Service -and discusses the possible develop. ments of the scheme. In an appendix the author deplores the abolition of the Civil -Service Arbitration Board and the Govern- ment's decision to place some Members of Parliament on the official side of the Whitley Councils. Yet he is conscious of the objection that may legitimately be taken by the mere tax- payer-to the existence of, joint councils in which both sides aro employees and equally concerned to derive as much advantage as possible from their common employer, the body of taxpayers. The -introduction of at least a few independent persons on the official side of the councils seems to be obviously necessary as a check on the departmental members.