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$raurt.—The treaty of peace between England and Persia was signed at Paris on Tuesday afternoon by Lord Cowley and Feruk Khan. Lord Cowley, it appears, was assisted by Mr. Redhouse, Colonel Otter, and Colonel Ouseley.

A telegraphic despatch from Paris, dated Thursday, says " The Commission appointed to arrange the affairs of Neuchatel has this day at one o'clock held its first sitting, in the cabinet of M. Walewski, at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Four Powers were represented, by Lord Cowley, Count Kisselett; Baron Hubner, and Count Walewski. The latter, as representative of the Power in whose capital the Conference is held, will have the direction of it."

Another account says that the representatives of Prussia and Switzerland were to take part in the proceedings yesterday.

Berlin minims speak of the vacillation of the King of Prussia on the Neuchatel affair. The Berlin Ministerial papers boast that the King never "held out any hopes to Switzerland that in case the Royalist prisoners were released he would proceed to a voluntary cession of her rights. On the contrary, the unconditional liberation of the prisoners was always demanded to enable her to return to the path laid down for her in the London protocol, and from which a continued resistance on the part of Switzerland would have forced her,"

SwitIrrlaut.— A telegraphic despatch from Berne states, that "the authorities of Neuchatel are apprehensive of a new attempt on the part of the Royalists. The Republican officers have assembled in.couneil on the subject. The militia has received instructions to hold itself in readiness for events. The posts have been doubled, and the Gendarmerie reinforced by the Guides.'

SUL Il.—The Emperor of Austria, in a letter to Count Radetzky, dated Milan, February 28, granted "with the greatest regret" the Count's petition to be ,removed from his post as Commander-in-chief of the army and Governor-General of Lombardo-Venetia. The Emperor wishes hiur a long life—" loved and honoured by me and by all true Austrian hearts—to serve my army as a living proof of its glory I" On the same day, the Emperor appointed his "dear brother, Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian' " as his alter ego in Lombardo-Veneti a, " in order to give my subjects a special proof of my lively solicitude for their welfare." "The powers received Will enable you to see that everything proceeds in a regular and lawful way, and that the business of the different branches of the public administration is quickly despatched. You will watch over the moral and material development of the country ; you will observe any necessities that may arise, and at the proper time, and with energy, take the initiative in introducing those measures and in making those arrangements which may be best calculated to satisfy them. You will 'wide alternately at Milan and Venice. I impose it on you as a duty, always to employ the 'lowers which I now confide to you in my service, and for the welfare of the country whose progress I have so much at heart.

Field-Marshal Count Gyulai is appointed Commander of the Austrian army in Italy.

Two despatches, one dated 10th February from Count Buol to Count Pear, the Austrian Envoy at Turin, the other dated 20th February from Count Cavour to the Marquis Centeno the Sardinian Envoy at Vienna' have been published. Count Buol glorifies the clemency of his master, and gives a highly-coloured account of his reception at Milan. But, pleased as he has been by the bearing of his own subjects, "the attitude of the Pie,dmontese Government has hurt the feelings of the Emperor." Count Buol complains bitterly of the attacks of the press of Piedmont ; of "the acceptance of a monument offered, it is said, by the subjects of the Emperor, to commemorate the deeds of the Sardinian army "; and of subscriptions "publicly opened to strengthen the defensive system of Piedmont, which is not menaced by any power." The Sardinian Government is reproached with permitting attacks upon "all social order" to go unchecked. Count Pear is to inform Count Cavour that the Austrian Government is " displeased " with King's Government, and to ask for explanations.

Count Cavour tells the Austrian Government in reply, that they can come and take redress in the Piedmontcse courts ; that the laws of Piedmont against the undue licence of the press are more stringent than those of Belgium or England ; that the attacks of the press, which he likewise condemns, cannot interfere with the action of the Imperial Government, as the press is rigorously prohibited admission into Lombardo-Venetia. He retorts the charge : the Austrian press is full of insults and attacks on the Sardinian Government and even the person of the King; and he generally vindicates the freedom of the press, and points to the order and prosperity of Sardinia as proofs of its beneficial influence. Count Cavour denies that Sardinia has provoked any demonstrations. Even Austria, in consequence of the proceedings at Paris, "feels the necessity of modifying the present state of things in Italy."

The 24th February was the anniversary of the day when the King of Naples swore to observe the constitution in the name of the Omnipotent God, one and three, to whom it is given to read the depths of the heart." During the night, in spite of the utmost vigilance, tri-coloured placards bearing this inscription were posted on the walls. "Per la Costituzione Spergiurata sul Vangelo 24 Feb.

Consecrate dal sangue, dal band°, Dalle galere, I cittadini Napolitani Protestano."

The soldiery were suspected of connivance, and one battalion of Royal Guards was confined to barracks with a view to strict inquiry.

a 65 telegraphic despatch from Vienna states, that on the 23d

February the Moldavian troops occupied and garrisoned the towns of Bolgrad, Ismail, and Reni, surrendered by the Russians in pursuance of the treaty of Paris. The same despatch mentions that the Russians were expected to take possession of Komrat and the new territory on the Upper Yalpuck some time between the 25th of February and 1st of March, at which period the boundary would be defined.

An expedition, led by an officer of the late Polish Legion, has sailed from Constantinople in the English steamer Kangaroo, with the object of aiding the Cireassians. When too late, the Russian Minister protested. It is supposed that Russia will renew the war in Circassia in the spring.

Tinita taiP5.—The City of Baltimore arrived at Liverpool on Tuesday, with advices from New York to the 19th February. It now appears that the Senate, by a vote of 25 to 20, has "laid over" the Dallas-Clarendon treaty respecting Central America until the 5th March—that is, until the day after the installation of President Buchanan. Several reports respecting the causes of its not being immediately accepted by the Senate have been circulated, but they have no authenticity, and those that are most specific are manifestly wrong, being inconsistent with the known facts. The Washington correspondent of the New York Courier and Enquirer says the Committee on Foreign Affairs reported the treaty with two amendments. The first strikes out the provision recognizing the famous land-grant. The second amendment proposes to cede the Bay Islands settlement entirely to Honduras, so as to preclude the possibility of any further protectorate of the said settlement. prsia.—The latest dates from Bushire are to the 17th January. The soldiers remained in their intrenehed camp, suffering much from the extremes of heat and cold, but on the whole in good health.Supplies were coming in from the country. The only military operation was a successful expedition to destroy a depot of Persian stores and aramunition about twenty-two miles from Bushir. e. Reinforcements were still flowing in from Bombay. t 4i n 8.—The journals brought by the overland mail give particulars of the attempt of the Chinese to retake Tea Totum Fort, and of the state of matters at Hongkong and Macao; they do not confirm the French telegraphic message of all the five ports having been placed in a state of siege by the Emperor. The latest date from Hongkong is the 15th January. At Hongkong a good deal of alarm prevailed, lest the Chinese resident there should burn the town or commit other atrocities. No Chinaman was to be out of doors front eight in the evening till sunrise; and any English sentinel or patrol was authorized to kill a Chinaman between those hours if seen under suspicious circumstances. It was feared that a Chinese attack might be made by land on Macao, with a view to destroy the English and their property in the town. A Chinese officer at Heang-sliun had ordered that no goods or provisions should be taken to Hongkong or Macao—to Macao, because the English. might draw supplies thence. Several attempts had been made to fire Macao. A Chinese baker at Hongkong had ' put arsenic into bread made for the English, and many persons had suffered from eating it. The local papers urgently demanded military reinforcements; with the force at their command at the beginning of January, the English could not expect to do more than hold their own. Some aid had been despatched front Singapore. It was believed that at the four other ports open to Europeans there was no sympathy with the Cantonese—rather a fear lest the war should spread to the North. Admiral Seymour had burnt between 2000 and 3000 houses in the suburbs of Canton.

The attempt by the Chinese to retake Tea Totum Fort was "the most plucky action on their part that has over been witnessed by English naval officers." They chose a time—one o'clock on the afternoon of Sunday the 4th January—when a "dead low neap-tide" prevented the English war-ships from getting near the fort, while the Chinese warjunks drawing less water could do so : 150 junks and some 7000 Chinese were engaged in the affair. The English ships got as near to the fort as possible, and by their boats they sent in a number of seamen to reinforce the garrison : this seems to have saved the fort. The Chinese advanced boldly towards the fort; but when within four hundred yards of it they received a shower of bullets from the muskets of the defenders, which checked their ardour. Knowing that as the tide rose they would be in great peril from the English ships, the Chinese retreated about four o'clock ; suffering a good deal from shot, shell, and rockets sent after them by the English vessels. It was thought that another attack was premeditated. The only Englishman killed was Mr. Pears, master's assistant of the Calcutta : six men and a boy were badly burnt by the accidental explosion of a rocket which was about to be discharged. Despatches from Sir John Bowring give some particulars of the atrocious affair of the postal-steamer Thistle. Seventeen Chinese soldiers, disguised, took a passage from Canton to Hongkong; they were searched, and no weapons were found on them; presently they obtained knives from a Chinese woman who had concealed them under her dress, and fell upon the eleven unarmed Europeans who were on board, and stabbing them from behind, murdered them all, and cut off their heads. They then run the vessel aground in a creek, and set her on fire ; they tarried the eleven heads on shore—no doubt they would be well paid for them. The Thistle had an iron hull ; and the remains were found by the English, who beheld the appalling spectacle of eleven headless human trunks charred by the fire. Among the victims were a Portuguese gentleman who acted as Spanish Consul at Macao and his servant.

The Moniteur of Wednesday published letters from Hongkong to the 15th, and front Singapore to the 8th January. From these it would appear that when Wluimpoa was abandoned by the English and Americans, the Chinese immediately pillaged the place, " making no distinction between the property of this or that nation."

"When the mail left, the whole European colony of Hongkong appears to have been poisoned, and the family of Sir John Bowring especially were suffering excruciating agony. All the Chinese bakers had fled. They are suspected of having poisoned the whole community. Happily no death had as vet ensued."

The letter from Singapore states that there were only 300 Europeans and 800 Sepoys left to control a population of 100,000, eight-tenths of which number are Chinese. Placards had been posted offering rewards for the heads of the Governor and other officials.

"On the 11 of January the shops were closed in every part of the town ; the boatmen, coolies, and artisans, refused to serve any Europeans. The public markets were not supplied with provisions, and all business was at a stand-still. But there was more than passive resistance : the provisions destined for the foreign residents were intercepted, and threats were resorted to to prevent the shopkeepers from supplying food. The head of the police having induced one of them to open his shop, the Chinese attacked the house hr a body, and in the struggle which ensued some of the police were seriously wounded. The energy displayed on this occasion by the Governor finally restored order in the town."

The Moniteur its is Flotte publishes certain instructions which it alleges have been issued by the Emperor of China to the Governors of the five ports.

"1. Until further orders, all the inhabitants of the Celestial Empire are prohibited from trading with the subjects of her Majesty the Queen of Great

Britain. 2. The opium-markets, which have been open for the trade of the two nations, are provisionally closed. (These markets were subjected to some very severe regulations, and only a very limited quantity of opium could be legally sold in them.) 3. Around the five ports which are open to

Europeans a cordon of troops is placed, for the purpose of preventing strangers from penetrating into the interior of the empire. The canals and roads are closed against their goods, which will be confiscated in case of a contravention of this decree. 4. Smuggling, until further orders, will be nished with death, 5. The Imperial fleets and troops are to attack the English wherever they meet them ; the treaties made with them are sus pended. 6. The penalty attached to any violation of the above decrees will be death for the Chinese, and for foreigners detention until the restoration of peace. 7. The provisions of these decrees are not applicable to the markets which are open for goods conveyed by land-transport across the frontiers of Siberia."