12 OCTOBER 1907

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NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE First Committee of the Hague Conference discussed the project of obligatory arbitration in a full-dress debate on Saturday last. After a great oratorical display, the...

M. Clemenceau delivered an extremely strong speech against anti-militarism when

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unveiling a statue of M. Rene Goblet at Amiens on Monday. In praising M. Goblet, who did so much both as Minister and journalist for the consolida- tion of the existing regime,...

Further important changes in the German Foreign Office and Diplomatic

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Service were announced at Berlin on Monday evening. Herr von Tschirschky, Foreign Secretary since January, 1906, becomes Ambassador at Vienna, and is replaced by Herr von Sabi],...

The crisis in the Dual Empire has been happily tided

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over, and the Austrian and Hungarian Prime Ministers signed the Customs and Commercial Treaty at Budapest on Tuesday. The precise terms on which Austria and Hungary have agreed...

At the plenary sitting on Wednesday the Mines Conven- tion

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was adopted, but in a form which—largely owing to German opposition—abandons the attempt to diminish the dangers to neutral commerce arising out of the indiscriminate use of...

The Times correspondent at Vienna reports that an authoritative Russian

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communication as to the nature of the recent conferences between M. Isvolsky and Baron von Aehrenthal was published in the Politische Correspondenz on Monday. The instructions...

e 5 * The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

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Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman then recapitulated the points of the Government

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plan for carrying into effect the Resolution of June. The Lords had had ample leisure in which to reform themselves, if they had chosen, but they had not chosen. "They might...

The political campaign against the House of Lords was formally

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opened by the Prime Minister in the King's Theatre, Edinburgh, last Saturday afternoon. Sir Henry Campbell- Bannerman, after recounting the legislative and diplomatic...

We deal with Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman's speech elsewhere, but may

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remark here that the attitude he has assumed—even though it may have tactical advantages, which we greatly doubt—is in our opinion both illogical as well as unstatesmanlike. If...

The prospects of an equitable settlement of the Congo question

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are growing steadily worse. On Monday a series of important amendments were brought forward at the sittings of the Parliamentary Commission appointed by the Belgian Government...

Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman described the rejection of the Land Values

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Bill as " a piece of arrogance and high-handed- ness which reached the extreme point of the pretensions of the House of Lords." "Never was the House of Commons treated with...

Affairs in Morocco make little progress, and no observer on

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the spot permits himself more than the mildest optimism. After the first excitement produced by the arrival of the Sultan at Rabat, it became clear that the transference of the...

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The country has lost this week an eminent Judge and

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a distinguished man of letters. Lord Brampton, who died on Sunday last in his ninety-first year, was better known as Sir Henry Hawkins, and was for many years perhaps the most...

The military airship Nulli Secundus ' made a successful trip

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to London from Farnborough on Saturday last. Start- ing at 10.40, with Colonel Capper and Mr. Cody on board, the airship—a huge sausage-shaped balloon of goldbeater's- skin of...

In recording the political speeches of the week we must

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not pass over the challenge to Socialism uttered at Paisley on Monday by the Master of Elibank, one of the Government Whips. He did not see, he said, " how the Socialists could...

The Board of Education has issued a new declaration as

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to term of service for teachers to sign when they are appointed to primary schools. The rule is to come into force next year. The women teachers must undertake to serve for five...

The railway dispute does not take a more favourable turn,

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but we still cannot believe that there will be such a national disaster as a great strike. Several meetings of railwaymen have been held during the past few days. On Monday the...

The Board of Trade Returns for September, issued on Monday,

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show, like those for August, an increase in exports, while imports have been practically stationary. The volume of foreign trade for the nine months is thus shown in the con-...

Bank Rate, 41 per cent., changed from 4 per cent.

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Aug. 15th. Consols (21) were on Friday 821i—on Friday week 82i. Bank Rate, 41 per cent., changed from 4 per cent. Aug. 15th. Consols (21) were on Friday 821i—on Friday week 82i.

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TOPICS OF TI-1E DAY.

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THE PRIME. MINISTER'S CRUSADE. T HE Prime Minister's speech at Edinburgh last Satur- day seems to have delighted a large audience of Scottish Liberals. That larger audience of...

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THE CRUISE OF THE AMERICAN FLEET TO THE PACIFIC.

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I T is certain that the American battleships will go to the Pacific. And Americans are dividing their attention between a deep technical interest in this, the longest sea voyage...

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THE RIOTS IN CALCUTTA. T HE recent rioting in Calcutta is

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undoubtedly, for reasons explained below, a somewhat ominous incident, but there is no justification for the panic into which it has thrown some of our contemporaries. Calcutta,...

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AN EXAMPLE IN AGRICULTURE.

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0 much has been written about small holdings that is viewy and impractical, and so much has been sug- gested that has not even reached the stage of experiment, that it is...

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SCIENCE AND ACCURACY.

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S CIENCE has been defined as certainty grounded on demonstration. In the controversy which splits the ancient Universities into two hostile camps the assumption in the...

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UNCONSCIOUS INTERPRETERS.

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A NIMALS play a large part in Mr. Lucas's last, but not least charming, book of essays (" Character and Comedy," Methuen and Co., 5s.), which is as full as all his other work of...

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SUBMARINE NAVIGATION.

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A ERIAL and submarine navigation have much in common. Both exercise a strong fascination over the popular imagination ; both have attracted the attention of inventors. In both...

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ANONYMOUS VOICES.

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I N the course of reading one is often struck by the important part played by anonymous voices throughout history. The Scriptures are full of instances in which the words of...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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THE HOUSE OF LORDS. [TO TILE EDITOR OF TRH " gl• EcrA To tt:•] have not presumed, let me assure your correspondent Mr. Whitaker (Spectator, September 7th), to settle the title...

THE RAILWAY CRISIS.

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[TO TUE EDITOR OP THE - spscrwron.1 SIR,' Mr. A. E. Moore (Spectator, October 5th) controverts my letter without apparently having given it a proper reading. I did not "deny...

[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—The present stage

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of the railway crisis is ominous. It is like the hush before the storm, and the public are being lulled into a sense of false security. The railway strike will be the signal for...

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A FRENCH VIE W OF THE DREADNOUGHT.'

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[To rice EDITOR OP Tice "SPECTATOR. "] SIR, —The criticisms of the armament of the ' Dreadnought' by Admiral Germinet, the newly appointed Commander-in- Chief of the French...

THE NATIONALISATION OF THE LAND.—THE LITTLE BILL.

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LT° TEE EDITOR or TUB"SPECTATOR;'] Sin,—Some time ago I had a conversation with a leading Socialist in a large manufacturing town in the Midlands. He said the Socialists...

THE ADVANCE OF SOCIALISM.

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[To THE EDITOR or TVs "SPECTATOR. " ] SIR, — It is impossible for me to enter on a controversy with " A Sort of Socialist" (Spectator, October 5th), even if you would allow it....

[To THE EDITOR OF TUC "SPECTATOR."] SIR,—The difference between Christianity

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and current Socialism can, I think, be summed up in a sentence. Christianity is the voluntary sacrifice of the individual for the society ; Socialism is the compulsory sacrifice...

SOCIALISM AND CHRISTIANITY.

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[To Tile EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR, — Your correspondent Mr. Dobell in the Spectator of October 5th endeavours to establish a sharp antithesis between Christianity and...

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THE NATIONAL SERVICE LEAGUE AND THE SWISS SYSTEM.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.••1 Siu,—As some misapprehension appears to exist as to the objects which the National Service League had in view in organising the recent...

THE WASTE OF DAYLIGHT.

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[To THE EDITOR Of THY "SPECTATOR. "] Srn,—However• much Mr. Willett's ideas respecting "the waste of daylight " may form an attractive target for humorous critics, they would,...

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THE LATE SIR WILLIAM MOLESWORTH.

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[To TER EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] 8111, — In 1904 you published a letter from me calling attention to the claims of a great Cornish statesman' to a ' county memorial, and a...

WATER-FLIES.

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[To THE EDITOR OF TUC "SPECTATOR. "] Sin, — In the Spectator of September 7th a reviewer says that there are some absurd theories in " How to Fish, " a hook written by me. " We...

[To TEE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIa, — Mr. Willett ' s proposal for

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interfering with the clock, quoted in your issue of August 3rd, is a reforth which will probably never be adopted, because the practical man will condemn it as fanciful. But...

THRIFT.

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rTO mils EDITOR OF THE " seseraven."1 SIR, —I have been much interested in your discussion of old- age pensions and cognate questions ; but there is a side of the " thrift "...

A NIGERIAN AEROLITE.

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[To THE EDITOR or THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR, —The erroneous, but extremely plausible, assumption that only a solid body can strike a blow may account for the universal belief in...

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" JOHN BULL'S ARMY FROM WITHIN."

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[TO THE EDITOR OF TUE "SPECTATOR." . 1 SIR,—The Spectator recently reviewed a book entitled " John Bull's Army from Within" in terms which will, I think, be endorsed by those...

[TO THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR.")

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SIR,—A man who writes a " warm" book must not complain if he is " warmly" reviewed. I do not complain, but I think your reviewer in the Spectator of September 21st is not "fair"...

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POETRY.

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DAPPER GEORGE. (1743.) I" Whenever we has of Dapper George at war, it is certain that he demeaned himself like a little man of valour."—THACHERAT. " No fear in him and no...

BOOKS.

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JOCK OF THE BUSHVELD.* THE Transvaal High Veld falls steeply on its eastern side into 4 1. flat bush-covered plain, which runs, except for the Laionbo Hills, without a break to...

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THE TRAGEDY OF JEWISH HISTORY*.. • - Ma. Assiorr has

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set himself to sketch "the fortunes of Art0 in Europe from the earliest times to the present daY,774011 • Imo in Europe. By G. F. Abbott. Louden a Macmillan and CO. [1041sefQ...

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A NORFOLK ESTUARY.*

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MR. PATTERSON has already laid naturaliSts under an obliga- tion by his earlier books, Notes of an. East Coast Naturalist and Nature in Eastern, Norfolk In his new book he...

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FIVE FAMOUS FRENCH WOMEN.* THAT this book is well worth

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reading its author's name-is a sufficient guarantee. At the same time, a certain disappoint- ment is in store for those who may expect literary conthmity in what is, after all,...

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Vida ; or, The Iron Lord of Sirktown. By S.

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R. Crockett. (James Clarke and Co. Gs.)—Is it possible that Mr. Crockett is trying how far a well-established favourite can presume on tlm indulgence of the fiction-reading...

NOVELS.

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THE "WEAVERS.* ONE of the features of the present House of Commons is the large number of Members whose work, before entering the political arena, was chiefly done with the...

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SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Under this heading we notice such Books of the week as have not been • reserved ibr review in other forms.] Between Malachi mut St. Matthew. By Georgiana Al. Ford....

Frederick Temple: an Appreciation. By E. G. Sandford. With, Biographical

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Introduction by W. Temple. (Macmillan and Co. 4s. net.)—What has been done in this volume is to reprint the last of the seven parts which constituted the "Memoirs of Arch-...

RHADABLE Noveas.—The Power of the Keys. By Sydney C. Grier.

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(W. Blackwood and Sons. 6s.)—An excellent story, such as the author's name wakes us expect. Still, in reading a novel the majority of readers do not care to be bothered with...

Fair Margaret. By H. Rider Haggard. (Hutchinson and Co. ee.)—Mr.

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Rider Haggard has essayed a very difficult task with as much success as could be expected. The merchant who is the principal figure in his drama does not convince us. We do not...

The Temple Church. By George Worby. (George Bell and Sons.

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ls. 63. net.)—This is a short and excellent account of the church of the Knights Templars in London, prefaced by a brief history of the Order. Nothing has been forgotten that...

CURRENT LITE RAT UR E.

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THE SIEGE OF THE SOUTH POLE. The Siege of the South, Pole : the Story of Antarctic Exploration. By Hugh Robert Mill, LL.D., D.Sc. (Alston. Rivers. .10s. 6d.)— As a human...

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Elevation in the Eucharist: its history and Stationers. By T.

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W. Drury, D.D. (Cambridge University Press. 3s. 61.1. net.) —Dr. Drury makes an exhaustive - examination of Eucharistic practice in the matter of the elevation of the elements....

In the "Library of Golden Thoughts " (John Lane, ls.

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net) we have Golden Thoughts from the Gospels and Golden Thoughts from Thoreau, Edited, with Preface, by Dorothy Eastwood.—From the same publisher we have also received A Book...

Seneot-Books.--Eneae Fade et Feta. By E. Vernon Arnold, Litt.D. (J.

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M. Dent and Co. 2s.)—Professor Arnold. writes : "It is not without reluctance • that I have ventured to simplify the text of Virgil." But he remarks with truth that this...

In the "New Variorum Edition of Shakespeare," which is appearing

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under the careful editorship of Horace Howard Furness (J. B. Lippincott, 18s.), we have The Tragedie of A ntonie and Cleopatra. The text is here happily a matter about which...

Of technical books we have received Steam and other Engines,

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by J. W. Duncan (Macmillan and Co., Gs.), and A Simple Course Weighing and Measuring, by J. H. Ashton (G. Philip and Son, le. net).

A Century of Book Auctions. (Chiswick Press.)—This is a "brief

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record of the firm of Hodgson & Co." The business was founded by Robert Saunders in 1807, carried by that gentle- man and Mr. E. Edmund Hodgson down to 1828, and from that time...

Two volumes full of interesting information as to the progress

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of Christian effort are China and the Gospel, an Illustrated Report of the China Inland Mission, 19tY7 (China Inland Mission), and Leaves of the Tree, a Popular Illustrated...

How to Collect Postage Stamps. By Bertram T. K. Smith.

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(George Bell and Sons. 6s. net.)—To some readers this volume can hardly fail to be a surprise. They will realise for the first time what a business this is The first...

Great English Poets. By Julian Hill. (E. Grant Richards. 3s.-Gd.

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net.)—The poets whom Mr. Hill admits into his Pantheon are nineteen in number. Wo have no positive complaint agaiust his selection, except, perhaps, that Chatterton fills a...