20 JUNE 1914

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. In Italy, also, the situation is most disquieting. The

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economic unrest, as 8110wn by the recent abortive, but none the less dangerous strike, continues, and there are signs that the enthusiasm caused by the war has spent itself, and...

In the Balkans, also, things are getting worse rather than

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better. Throughout the week a confused battle has been pro- ceeding round Durazzo, the Albanian capital. It is true that the latest news is more reassuring, but the possibility...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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I N the region of foreign affairs there is a marked sense of unrest. Though happily the danger is now over, France has passed through an internal political crisis of great...

In Mexico the outlook grows more and more stormy. The

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latest nese shows that very little advance towards a com- promise is being made by the mediators who are discussing events at Niagara, while, on the other hand, the reports of...

On Monday President Wilson signed the Panama Canal Tolls Repeal

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Bill, which revokes the clause in the Panama Canal Act granting free passage to American coastwise vessels. It will be remembered that the British Foreign Office made...

We have kept to the last the worst item in

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the foreign news —the growing tension between Greece and Turkey. Last Saturday came the news that M. Venezeloe had announced in the Chamber at Athens, in regard to the...

Meantime, and this is of course the most serious symptom

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of all, hurried naval preparations are going on on both sides. The Turks are expecting in about six weeks or two months the delivery of two powerful battleships, an increase in...

..* The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript in arty

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case.

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In the House of Lords on Tuesday Lord Lansdowne moved

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his vote of censure on the Government. We have dealt with his speech and its consequences elsewhere, but must say here that it was an utterance in every way worthy of the...

Mr. Redmond is said to have gained a complete victory

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in the matter of the National Volunteers, who, by the way, are said to be increasing at the rate of fifteen thousand members a week. Mr. Redmond's plan for reorganizing the body...

The result of the debate was the announcement of the

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Government that the Amending Bill will be introduced into the Lords next Tuesday. As to its form nothing was said, but, after all, this does not matter, as the Government...

Sir Edward Grey, replying to criticisms of the scheme on

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its political and strategical aides, maintained that the good relations between Russia and Great Britain would be un- affected by this deal. The Anglo-Peraian Company's con...

Mr. Churchill explained and defended the Government's agreement with the

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Anglo-Persian Oil Company in the Commons on Wednesday. His speech, which lasted an hour and a half, was in great measure an expansion of the Admiralty Memorandum ; but Mr....

Mr. Boner Law concluded his short campaign in Seotland on

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Friday week at Glasgow, where be addressed a unanimous and enthusiastic meeting in St. Andrew's Hall. He began by contrasting the grave peril of the present situation in Ireland...

Mr. Pretyman, while approving of the scheme, the credit for

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which he attributed to the prescience of Lord Strathcona, criticized its finance ; and Mr. Ramsay MacDonald applauded the Government for standing out against the monopoly of the...

When we went to press yesterday week M. Ribot had

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formed a strong Cabinet. A few hours later he had resigned as the result of a hostile vote in the Chamber, which by a majority of forty-four declared its want of confidence in...

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Colonel Roosevelt has been paying a flying visit to this

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country, and on Tuesday lectured to the Royal Geographical Society on his recent travels in Brazil, and not only described how he discovered his new river, the Duvida, but also...

In this context it may be mentioned that the text

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of the Revenue Bill appeared yesterday. What is noticeable about the Bill, the Times points out, is its omissions—omissions which show that there must have been a fierce fight...

Last Saturday evening Queen Alexandra, accompanied by the Empress Marie

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of Russia, inspected ten thousand Boy Scouts drawn from London and the Home Counties on the Horse Guards Parade. The boys were drawn up in ten blocks on three sides of a square...

On Thursday the conference of the National Union of Railwaymen

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approved the triple alliance between the Execu- tive of that body, the Miners' Federation, and the Transport Workers' Federation. We have dealt elsewhere with some of the larger...

Even in a crowded week we must try to find

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space to chronicle the victory of the English polo team. On the first day's play their score was si goals to 3 and on the second 4 to 21. This British victory will, we sincerely...

• They knew, he went on, that any attempt to

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arrest Sir Edward Carson and the other Ulster leaders would lead to civil war. They had always recognized in their hearts that Ulster was entitled to special treatment, yet for...

A great deal has been said of late in the

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papers in regard to the revolt of a certain number of Liberals against the new Budget, or rather against the plan of raising vast sums of money before the objects on which it is...

The vagaries of the weather reached a climax last Sunday

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afternoon, when London was visited by a tropical thunder- storm attended by distressing loss of life. On the north side hardly a drop of rain fell, while in Wandsworth,...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE HOME RULE DEBATE IN THE LORDS. rf1HE Home Rule debate in the House of Lords, 1. though it does not by any means show that we are out of the wood, has undoubtedly done...

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PRESIDENT WILSON AND THE PANAMA_ TOLLS.

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1.11 RESIDENT WILSON deserves well of his country- men. In obtaining the repeal of the clauses in the Panama Canal Act which infringed the spirit of the Treaty made by the...

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THE ROOT CAUSE OF LABOUR UNREST.

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TN spite of the preoccupations created by the continued crisis in Ireland, the British public is becoming dimly aware that there may shortly be even nearer home another crisis...

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THE CYNICISM OF DEMOCRACY.

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J) EMOCRACIES, at all events in France and England, have of late years shown, signs of a singular change. They are ceasing to believe in themselves. They , are giving themselves...

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A PLEA FOR JUSTICE.

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I F justice is more than a technical phrase of the Law Courts, more than a mere word of art, the Secretary for Scotland should listen to the petition of Mr: Cecil Aylmer...

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OPEN COMMUNION IN THE CHURCH OF ENGLA110.—IL

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(By AN ECCLESIASTICAL LAWYER.) T HE Savoy Conference followed in March, 1661, when an equal number of Bishops and Presbyterian divines were nominated by Royal Warrant to meet at...

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HOLIDAY CAMPS.

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Ar r experiment which proved a great success in the United States last summer looks like developing into an institution. Two "military camps of instruction for students of...

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PORT MEADOW.

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T HERE is an old story that Freeman, in the days of his Professorship, being visited once by an American who was eager to see the oldest thing in Oxford, sent him to Port...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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lath WELSH CHURCH BILL. [To IMF Ramos OF Till "sesames.") Snr,—The time is at hand when, in the ordinary course of events, the Welsh Church Bill will become law. But it ought...

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EXCLUSION A CANADIAN PARALLEL. [To TIM EDITOR OW TIEN . SPECTAT08...'1

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Si,—One phase of the Home Rule controversy does not seem to have received the consideration it is entitled to. Taking it for granted now that the Home Rule Bill is an...

A CREDULOUS OPTIMIST.

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[To ME EDITOR 01 TILI1 .. SPSCIATOB..".1 Si,—On October 29th, 1912, in the House of Commons, when Clause VII. of the Home Rule Bill was in Committee, and the Colonial analogies...

THE IRISH NATIONAL VOLUNTEERS.

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[To MI EDISOlt OW Tan 't Screw:mm."1 Sin,—When Ulstermen began to drill those who were thoughtful amongst us saw at once the far-reaching and dangerous consequences that would...

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THE IGNORANCE OF THE AVERAGE ELECTOR.

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[To ras Eorros 07 TIM "SracTaroo-"] firs—Among the startling features of the present political crisis nothing is more astonishing than the fact, as I believe it to be, that the...

THE POSITION OF THE ESTABLISHED CHURCH. [To MR EDITOR Or

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TRU SPECTATOR."] Stn,—I have just seen a copy of your issue of June 13th con- taining the first portion of an article on the legal position of the Church by an ecclesiastical...

THE PRESENT CRISIS AND IMPERIAL FEDERA- TION AS ITS SOLUTION,

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[To no Eorroa or no .8rooraroa.".1 Sea—Whilst thanking you for your courtesy in publishing my letter on this subject in your last issue, I should like to refer to your...

OPEN COMMUNION. [To ram Maros or raa aracraroa.1

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SIR,—As supporting historically the views expressed in your columns on this subject, it may be of interest to quote from the "Statutes, Ordinances, and Constitutions, ordained,...

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(To THE EDITOR 07 TEE "EYRCTATOL") Stn,—As I was one

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of those who most reluctantly, but Tinder a deep sense of necessity, brought before the Dublin Yearly Meeting of the Society of Friends, held recently, the question of the...

THE FRIENDS AND BETTING.

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[To DID Berzon 07 TRH "STEC-MORI Six,—You take such a wise and judicious course in dealing with the attempt to force Home Rule on Ireland and with the matter of the "betting"...

THE ETHICS OF GAMBLING.

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pro ra. Enrroa or TM . 8rscr.0....1 Sta,—Can we never have done with the absurd quibble that chance has no existence in reality ? When we say that phenomena are due to chance we...

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QUAKERISM IN TEE UNITED STATES.

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[To Tar Ernes or mat . SrscrAroa"] Srs,—.2 gropes of your remarks about the Rowntrees and Cadburys, there are few things more melancholy to contem- plate than the degradation of...

THE PHILISTINES OF THE STATE. [To TIM EDITOR OF Milt

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.. IMECTATOE.".1 SIR,—The enclosed letter which I have addressed to the Chairman of the General Purposes Committee of the Surrey County Council may interest your readers.—I am,...

LTo ran EOM'S Or rat .. SMOIATON..1 Sm,—Adverting to your article

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of May 23rd on "The Ethics of Gambling," I venture to suggest that the moral aspect of the practice was admirably and tersely summed up some seventy-odd years ago by General Sir...

PORTUGUESE MOCKERY OF JUSTICE.

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Ito an EDIMIL Or TIM .. SIMCIALTOE:1 Si,—The Lisbon paper Republica of June 7th reported the trial by "Court-Martial" of Dona Julia de Brito a Cunha, whose previous imprisonment...

[To TIM NDIT011. Or MIS "SPSCLIT0121

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Sig,—The evil effects of betting, from the point of view of the man who bets, are somewhat obscured by the fact that he does not deal directly with another man who bets, but...

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DRYDEN; A CORRECTION.

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[To Ta. EDITOR Or TIM .. HTSCUTOR...1 Sr,—In your issue of June 13th I see it stated that Gray in his Progress of Poesy ranks Dryden as" the equal of Shake- speare and of...

LE COMITE FRANCO-HINDOU. [To TH2 EDITOR OR TIER .. EITECTATOR.1 SIE, - 4 11

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the Temps of June 50 is a short account of a Franco. Indian Committee organized by Mr. Krishnavarma, with the help of M. Pauliat, who, it seems, is an expert in the politics of...

"LE DEVOIR DE BONHEUR." Ire rya EDITOR 07 rex srrcr■rox.-

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I SIR,—Your reviewer (May SOW of the French thinker's volume, La Volonte d'Harmonie, covers a large field, and is indeed worth reading, more particularly while the subject of...

AN INTELLIGENT GULL. [To TOR EDITOR or rem "Brre7■7011.."1 San,—A

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few weeks ago a strange thing happened to me on the Oddicombe Beach in this neighbourhood that might perhaps be of some interest to your readers should you think it worthy of a...

NOTICE.—When "Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the trailer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communicated," the Editor must not necessarity'be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

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BOOKS.

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THE HUMANIST POPE* This admirable biography of a great Pope is one of the most interesting books of the present season. The life of /Eneas Silvius is one of the romantic...

POETRY.

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IN MEMORIAM.—A. 0. How many million years have gone to mould Those mountain fastnesses that gave you birth? How many million years must yet be told From that dark day when you...

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MR. SHAW'S "PARENT'S ASSISTANT."* "WHAT a pity that so great

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a man should have been so badly brought up," said Talleyrand of the Emperor Napoleon. When we consider the autobiographical vignettes which stand out from the particolonred...

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RAILWAYS.*

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MOST of us take for granted the vast services rendered every day by the railways which carry us or our food and goods so regularly. But strikes and a Railway Commission have...

THREE VOLUMES OF SERMONS.*

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FEWER sermons are published to-day than was the case a generation ago, because fewer are read. The taste for eloquence has diminished, and so preachers give less time to its...

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JOHN WESTLAKE.*

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THIS little volume contains a collection of short appreciative papers contributed by some of those with whom Professor "Westlake's long life of widely varied activity brought...

THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN.*

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WHAT light does geology throw upon the interesting problem of the antiquity of man in Europe P No one is better qualified to answer this question than Professor Geikie, who bad...

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MR. GATHORNE-HARDY'S SPORTING REMINISCENCES.* WE opened this book with pleasant

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recollections of Mr. Gathorne-Hardy's Autumns in Argyllshire, confident of finding the same cheerful philosophy and catholic tastes in sport, and we have not been disappointed....

FICTION.

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THE FEAR OF LiviNG.t „ Trr3an are few more remarkable developments in contern- potary French literature than the reaction against, the cult which Matthew Arnold described...

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Three Against the World. By Sheila Kaye-Smith. (Chap- man and

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Hall. 6e.)—There is no need to recommend Miss Kaye-Smith: she has made for herself already a name and a disceniinF, if not large, circle of friends. But we cannot pass over her...

RELDA.BLB NOVELS.—The Sorcerer's Stone. By Beatrice Grimshaw. (Hodder and Stoughton.

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6s.)—This truly thrill- ing story, or rather succession of stories, concerns the finding and keeping of a great diamond, and is free from any irrelevant love interest. —The...

Bedesman 4. By M. H. Skrine. (Duckworth and Co. 2s.

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6d. net.)—We should have thought it impossible to add to the crowd of school stories one of original design. Yet such a one has just made its appearance in the " Roadmender"...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Under this heading se. notice such Books of the leech as Caw no1 hot rverwd for renew in other Jones.] The Evolution of the Olympic Games. By F. A. M. Webster. (Heath, Cranton,...

Chignett Street, By B. Paul Neuman. (Smith, Elder, and Co.

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6s.)--The writer : 1d phignett Street has the unusual dis- tinction or knowing whet he is talking about. To Mr. Neuman the London street arab is not a picturesque type, nor a "...

natural philosophers should have had to wait more than two

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centuries for a copious biographer. The "father of chemistry and uncle to the Earl of Cot-k" is perhaps adequately com- memorated by the fact that, in English-speaking...

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_Roman Imperialism. By Tenney Frank. (Macmillan and (Jo. 10s. fid.

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net.)—The author of this book is Professor of Latin at Bryn Mawr, one of the leading Colleges for women in the United States. He undertakes to analyse " the precise influences...

Ships and 'Shipping. 2 vols. (T. Nelson and Sons. 2s.

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net)—Thin useful addition to the publishers' "Encyclopaedia Library" contains a wonderful amount of multifarious infor- mation about all types of vessels. There are still some...

A Child of the Orient. By Demetra Take. (John Lane'

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7s. 6d. net)—The "child" was a Greek girl, living in Turkey, who spent much of her time in Turkish households playing with their children. She describes her experiences brightly...

King's Conege Lectures on Colonial Problems. Edited by F. J.

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C. Hearnshaw. (G. Bell and Sons. 4e. 6d. net.)—This volume is a valuable contribution to those" Imperial studies" which, as Principal Barrows has said, fall obviously within the...

The Sea's Anthology. Compiled by J. E. Patterson. (W. Heinemann.

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2s, net.)—This is not quite the ideal anthology —perhaps no anthology is ideal to anyone except its compiler —but it is good value for the money. We note that Mr. Patterson...

The Seen and the Unseen at Stratford-on-Avon. By W. D

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Howells. (Harper and Brothers. 5s. net.)—Whilst para- doxical people argue, on what they are pleased to call critical grounds, whether Shakespeare or Bacou wrote Hamlet, Mr....

The Social Disease, and How to Fight If. By Louise

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Creighton. (Longmans and Co. Is. net.)—Women, says Mrs. Creighton, " cannot consent to remain in ignorance" of the great social evil which she discusses in this little book. But...

Elgin Past and Present. By Herbert B. Mackintosh. (J. D.

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Tendon. 10s. 6d. net.)—This handsome volume is in part designed to fill a gap in the education of the youth of Elgin, "by affording them some knowledge of the historical...

Chronicles of Erthig on the Dyke. By Albinia Lucy Cost

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(din. Wherry). 2 vole. (john Lane. 25e. net.)—Erthig Hall was built in 1682 by one Joshua Edisbury, High Sheriff of Denbighshire. It stands on Wails Dyke, near Wrexham, on the...

The Athenian Empirrs and the Great Illusion. By R M.

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W. Tillyard. (Macmillan and Co. Is. net) —This pamphlet contains the essay which gained the prize offered by the Garton Foundation to the Cambridge University War and Peace...