3 JANUARY 1920

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INDEX.

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FROM JANUARY 3rd TO JUNE 26th, 1920, INCLUSIVE. TOPICS OF THE DAY. A Adr DRIATIC Dispute, President Wilson and 032 „Itlatic, America and the E99 Africa, South, the Problem...

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Loudon: Printed by W, STRAIGHT It Soso, Lw., 98 &

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99 Fetter Lane, E.0, 4 ; and Published by ALFRED EVERSON for the " SPECTLTOR " (Limited), at their Office. No. 1 Wellington Street (WX. 2), in the Precinct of the Savoy, Strand,...

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* * The Editor cannot accept responsibility for any articles

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or letters submitted to him, but when stamped and addressed envelopes are sent he will do his best to return contributions in case of rejection.

In spite of that consideration, there is a good deal

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else that we read with regret in the evidence. According to the latest reports, curiously ingenious punishments were invented. A public scaffold was raised by order of the...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HERE was an extraordinary affair in Phoenix Park in the early hours of last Sunday morning, and probably the exact truth as to what happened will never be known. There is no...

. The Indian mail has brought further reports of the

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evidence given before Lord Hunter's Committee which is inquiring into the Punjab riots. The evidence shows how extremely grave the riots were, and how much reason there was for...

The King, on giving assent to the Government of India

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Act last week, issued a Proclamation to the Indian peoples, informing them that another epoch in Indian history had begun. The Act " entrusts elected representatives of the...

The Mahsud Waziris, who have disturbed the peace of the

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Indian frontier for some months past, have made their sub- mission. The punitive columns sent against them had some sharp fighting last month, but the tribesmen soon saw that...

The jury found that Mr. Boast " died from shock

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and hemor- rhage caused by being accidentally killed by a shot fired by one of his own party while on patrol." In the case of Kennedy, they found that he was " killed on his way...

The reports of the inquests read like nothing except what

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comes out of Ireland. The soldiers did not give their evidence at all clearly ; they were in fact as confused at the inquests as they apparently had been in the fighting in...

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The withdrawal of British troops from Syria,.leaving the French on

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the coast and the Hedjaz Arabs At Damascus and Aleppo, has led to. some difference of opinion.as to the boundary between the French and Arab spheres of influence. A French...

In . Southern Russia General Denikin holds little more now than

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the coast districts of the Black• Sea. No doubtwhat policy is to be adopted by .the Allies towards Russia .will again be discussed by Mr. Lloyd George in Paris. We hear -less...

All doubt as to the extent of Turkey's complicity in

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the German war-plans has been removed by the publieation in Berlin of the text of the secret Turco-German Treaty signed at Constantinople on August 2nd, 1914. Turkey agreed to...

M. Klotz, the French Minister of Finance, told the Chamber

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on Monday that ,new and heavy taxes must be imposed, to the extent of six or seven thousand million francs. The total deficit for the current year was twenty-five thousand...

Sir,John Hewett's Report on Mesopotamia has been published. He went

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out to inquire into the schemes for irrigation and for developing agriculture ; to inquire whether the expenditure charged against Army funds was confined to services necessary...

The Russian Constitutional forces have suffered very severe reverses, and

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Admiral Koltchak's force, making a terrible winter retreat through Siberia, has experienced something -like a disaster. One can hardly imagine the conditions under which this...

The Allies last week informed Germany that she must sign

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the Protocol relating to the, Scapa Flow episode. The Allies were, they said, prepared to reduce the demand for 400,000 tons of floating docks, dredgers, and tugs if it could be...

He, points out that the net revenue receipts in Mesopotamia

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were £130,000 'in 1915-1916, £270,000 in 1916-1917, and £100,000 in 1917-1918. As the cost of running Mesopotamia was of course far higher- than that, these , figures. must...

M. Clemenceau told the French Chamber last week that he

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had discussed the Turkish question with Mr. Lloyd George, and that the bases for an agreement had been fixed. -Mr; Lloyd George had said to him : " Our two countries must keep...

Signor Nitti, the Italian-Premier, and his Foreign Minister, Signor Scialoja,

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spoke in the Italian-Senate on Monday .concern- ing the Adriatic question. They took exception to: M. Clemen- ceau's recent reference to the matter. They claimed Dalmatia under...

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We regret to record the death of Sir William Osler,

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the eminent Canadian physician who had been Regius Professor of Medicine at Oxford since 1905. He was a great man as well as a great physician, and his popularity and personal...

America owes much to the fact that her rich men

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believe in education. Mr. Rockefeller's Christmas gift of a hundred million dollars is the largest of its kind, but it is typical and in ne way exceptional. Mr. Rockefeller has...

Lord Midleton, who receives a double step in the United

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Kingdom Peerage, was Secretary for War for two years in Mr. Belfries Goireilenent, and was also Secretary for Ireland for three years. He was, of course, leader of the Southern...

Sir Horace Plunkett died in America on Wednesday. He was

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sixty-five years of age. While his recent advocacy of "Dominion Home Rule " and his coquetting with Sinn Fein had distressed most of his old friends, his political eccentricity...

As we write on Thursday it is announced that the

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Engineering Employers' Federation is to confer with the three Iron-Moulders' Unions which have been on strike since September. The Parlia- mentary Committee of the Trade Union...

The first list of New Year Honours was published on

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Thursday. Lord Midleton, who was a Viscount in the Irish Peerage and a Baron in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, becomes an Earl. There are • three new Berens, Sir Bertrand...

The text-has been issued of the Govern/nen-fa Unemployment Insurance Bill.

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Some classes of workers, notably agricultural labourers, are excluded from the Bill, but even so nearly twelve millions of workers will be dealt with. The Bill, of course, is...

At the by-election in Bromley, Kent, Colonel James, the Coalition

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Unionist candidate, was returned by a majority of 1,071 over the Labour candidate, Mr. Hodes. Last December Mr. H. W. Forster polled 16,840 votes for the Coalition against the...

We have also to record the death of Dr. George

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Smith at the age of eighty-six. He went to India before the Mutiny to take a professorship, and afterwards joined Mr. Meredith Townsend, the late co-editor of the Spectator, in...

Under the new Bill the weekly benefit for men will

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be 15s., but the contribution from both workers and employers will be 3d. per week instead of 21d. For women the benefit will be 12s. and the contribution 2.1(1. The Government...

After a long straggle women have won admission to the

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Bar. The Sex Disqualification Removal Bill received the Royal Assent last week, and on Monday two women entered as students at the ancient Inns, one at the Middle Temple and one...

Bank rate, 6 per cent.,changed from 5 per cent. Nov.

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6, 1919.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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EGYPTIAN UNREST. T HE position in Egypt is undoubtedly serious, but there is no need for anything approaching despair if only the authorities here do not lose their nerve, and...

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THE NEED OF MODERATION IN ALLIED POLICY. T HERE is every

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prospect that within the next few days Germany will sign the Protocol of the Peace Treaty, and there should then be no delay in depositing the ratifications. Within a few days,...

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TRADE IN THE NEW YEAR.

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A FEW months ago no one could have foreseen how rapid the recovery of our trade now seems likely to be. It is true that when the war was still going on there was a common notion...

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BARTER.

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A N amusing picture appeared recently in Punch representing a literary man vainly endeavouring to persuade a butcher to exchange a poem for a ()hop. In these days when cash...

THE INCREASE OF RAILWAY RATES.

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T HE decision of the Minister of Transport to raise the railway rates on merchandise has been accepted with equanimity because every one knew that it was inevitable. The hard...

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THE HISTORIAN OF THE WAR AND HLS PROBLEMS.

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T HE historian of the war of 1914-1918 is certainly not a man to be envied. If no previous conflict affords a theme so splendid, none has ever presented a task so beset with...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[Letters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs are often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] IRELAND—A PREDICTION...

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SELF-DETERMINATION.

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[To THE EDITOR OF TILE " SPECTATOR.") Sol ,—Your correspondent "Irishman " incidentally supplies a scathing commentary on President Wilson's wildly misleading phrase...

IRISH HOME RULE.

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[To THE EDITOR. OF THE " SPEOFATOR."] Sia,—Is there any conceivable use in proceeding with a scheme for Irish Home Rule which, apparently, no Irish party wants P Would it not...

LORD FREDERICK CAVENDISH AND MR. BURKE. [To THE Eorroa OF

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THE " SPECTATOR.".1 SIR, —In your paragraph with regard to the outrage on Lord French, comparing it with the Phoenix Park murders of 1852, I think there is a slight error of...

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PAINTINGS OF POPE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] Ent, —1 have read with much interest the correspondence on this subject and the article which inspired it, and I have just discovered some...

A QUESTION FOR MINERS AND OTHERS. [To TEE EDITOR OF

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THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—In a letter under the heading " A Question for Miners " in your issue of December 20th the writer asks: " What would be said if the coal-owners decided...

DISCIPLINE IN THE GUARDS—AND ELSEWHERE. [To THE EDITOR OF THE

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" SPECTATOR."J SIR,—The interest aroused by Mr. Graham's book has called attention to the problem which, though apparently found in an acute form in the Guards, yet exists...

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(To THE EDITOR OF THII " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—Reading in your

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paper of the dissatisfaction amongst some of the London V.A.D. Detachments, I think the following facts may show how difficult it would be to give any gratuity for part-time...

EXCESS PROFITS TAX. [To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."1

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Sze,--T am afraid Mr. If. F. S. Morgan's suggestion in the Spectator of December 27th limiting profits on turnover instead of on capital is also open to a serious objection. A...

RED CROSS WOMEN.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—May I also say that I was a voluntary whole-time Red Cross worker at the Passport Department, Folkestone Harbour, for nine months and...

EPISCOPACY AND CATHOLIC TRADITION.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR, —In your issue of December 13th " R. W." appeals to Bishop Lightfoot as " the greatest Biblical scholar that Britain has produced for...

THE AMRITSAR RIOTS.

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(To THE Roma or TIM " Sencrwroa.") Sia,—Please excuse my saying that I think you are unfair in your remarks on General Dyer. Had he hesitated ever so little, he and his small...

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mrcAR.

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[TO THE EDITOR, OP THE "I3PEDIATOR."] Sia,—After many years of reading (and lecturing on) /await, I have oome to agree with the statement that an eighteenth- century mind is...

A HYBRID ?

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THE EDITOR 0* THE ` } 'Eterkesroa.°1 Sus, —I wonder if any of your readers can tell me what to call a bird that frequents ray garden and feeds daily on my bed- room window-sill....

THE EVICTION OF THE MASHONALAND NATIVES. [To THE EDIt'OR of

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tie " gererirott."3 Sis,—The eicellent letter of the Rev. Sheerly Gripper upon the eviction of natives in one part of Mashonaland is an indication of the serious pbgition of...

[To THE EDPPOR OP THE " SPEOTATOR."] SI14,—I am in

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no position to say whethen..Lucan is read in our Public Schools now, but I remember reading the Pltarsalia in the Sixth Form at Repton in 1861 or 1862. This is impressed on my...

THE CHILD WITHIN.

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iTo - rite Einton or THE " %mentos.") Sta,—The writer of an article with the above title in the Spectator of December 27th says that " No woman has Written any fairy-stories of...

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GARDEN REFUSE.

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[To see Eerros OF 'ME " SPEOTATOR."] &n,—May I, as one in the same predicament as your corre- spondent (the Rev. J. F. Hamlyn), suggest that he may find a partial solution by...

POETRY.

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MGRS JANUA. VITAE. Orm death were not enough to purge my inner sight, or to atone my spirit with the Infinite. How should I burst at once into the very shrine of holy God...

BOOKS.

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MR. CHESTERTON ON IRELAND.* PART of the training in literature to which Flaubert subjected Guy de igaupassant was to make him study a tree until he saw how it differed from...

NOTICE.—When " Correspondence " or Articles are signed with the

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writer's name or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or...

*ptrtater

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We suggest that there can be no better Present in Peaoe or War than an Annual Subscription to the Spectator. He or she who gives the Spectator as a present will give a weekly...

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THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE LEAGUE.*

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SIR Josmua REYNOLDS, remarking that Rembrandt " exhibits little more than one spot of light in the midst of a large quantity of shadow," reproves him for " that ostentation of...

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THE NURSERY SCHOOL.*

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THERE are three pointi of view from which we can regard the nursery schooL There is the point of view of the child, of the child's mother, and of the teacher into whose hands...

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PANISLAM.*

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Ma. Wyswr BURY, one. of the dew Englishmen who, have. made a special. study of South-Western Arabia, has written, an instruct- ive little book on , the relations between Islam...

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A GENTLE SATIRIST.*

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Nor even a good comedy is so rare as genuine satire, and when an example of the latter is produced some indulgence in super- latives may well be excused, for a long interval is...

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SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in phis wham does not necessarily preclude subsequent reeists.] THE J_A.NUARY Hoe-relles.—The Nineteenth Century gives prominence to a most appreciative article by Lord...

FICTION.

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MRS. MARDEN.t Me. lItCHENS has essayed in his new novel to show the effect of the war on the minds of those who, without being aggressively irreligious, cynical, or unkindly,...

GOSPEL OF COMRADESHIP.*

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IT is not to be denied that hundreds of little books, intended to commend Christianity to the uninstructed, have been written during and since the war, and that many of them...

READABLE NOVELE.—Cathy Bowater. By Mrs. Victor Rickard. (Hodder and Stoughton.

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7s. net.)—The heroine of Mrs. Victor Rickard's new novel is imprisoned in a private lunatic asylum through the plotting of an unscrupulous woman doctor who is in love with the...

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The British Mercantile Marine during the War. By J. C.

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H. Beaumont. (Gay and Hancock. Is. net.)—The author, a surgeon of the White Star line, summarizes clearly the good work of the Merchant Service and the reforms instituted during...

The Story of Our Submarines. By Klaxon. (Blackwood. 6s. net.)—This

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book, written by an expert, and based largely on official records, is of great interest. The author maintains that our submarine service was far better than the enemy's, and he...

The New Outlook. By Lord Robert Cecil. (Allen and Unwin.

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Is. not.)—Lord Robert Cecil discusses in this interesting pamphlet the League of Nations, Industry—the problem and the remedy, Finance, Parliament, and Ireland. As to Ireland,...

A Few Fade concerning the Intrigue against Montenegro. By Alexander

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Devine. (Winchester : Warren and Son.)—Mr. Devine contends that Montenegro is as much entitled to " self- determination " as any other country, and he asserts that the Serbians...

The World War and its Consequences. By W. H. Hobbs.

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(Putnam. 12s. 6d. net.)—Mr. Roosevelt, shortly before his death, commended these lectures delivered by Professor Hobbs at Pitt burgh as an accurate account of the reasons w y...

Casseirs New English Dictionary. Edited by E. A. Baker. (Cassell.

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6s. net.)—This is a compact and useful dictionary, which is said to contain a hundred and twenty thousand words and phrases. It is well printed, and the derivations and...

The Defeat of Austria as Seen by the Seventh Division.

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By the Rev. E. C. Crosse. (H. F. W. Deane and Sons. 7s. 6d. net.) —This interesting book, well furnished with maps and photo- graphs, gives the first detailed account of the...

Sir Robert Anderson : a Tribute and a Memoir. By

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A. P. Moore-Anderson. (Morgan and Scott. 3s. net.)—Dr. Moore- Anderson's little book on his father is concerned with Sir Robert Anderson's work as a lay preacher and theological...

Poland and the Poles. By A. Bruce Boswell. (Methuen. 12s.

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6d. net.)—This is a readable and instructive book by a competent authority. Mr. Boswell sketches Polish history in order to explain the present situation in Poland and on the...

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Buchanan the Sacred Bard. By Lachlan Macbean. (Simpkin, Marshall. 5s.

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net.)—Dugald Buchanan was a Highlander of humble birth who came under the influence of George Whitefield in his famous mission at Cambuslang, near Glasgow, and devoted himself...

Thoughts in Middle Life. By Godfrey Locker Lampoon. (Arthur L.

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Humphreys. 3s. 6d.)—There are some happy phrases and sound reflections in this little book. The paper beginning " Courage is the noblest of all the virtues " ought to be...

WORKS OF REFERENCE. —The Post Office London Directory for 1920

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(Kelly's Directories, 3 vols., 64s. net), the hundred and twenty-first annual issue, is a wonderful compilation. We always feel that the editors who produce year by year this...

The Life of John Payne. By Thomas Wright. (T. Fisher

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Unwin. 28e, net.)—Mr. Payne, who died in 1916 at the age of seventy-four, is remembered as a competent and indefatigable transiatorand. as a poet with taste and_seholarship. Mr....

A. Month in Rome. By Andre Maitre'. Translated by Helen

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Gerard. (Putnam. 7s. net.)—This is a i interesting , and practical little guide to Rome with numerous maps and photo- grap,be. Th3 visitor foll win; M. Maurel would have thirty...