7 JANUARY 1922

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INDEX.

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FROM JANUARY 7th TO JUNE 24th, 1922, INCLUSIVE. TOPICS OF THE DAY. A FRICA, South : the Rising on the Rand .. 326 America and a Sacrifice to the Public Good 70 America, her...

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Correspondents in Ireland have sent us information about the terrorism

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which is being practised by Republicans in order to prevent public opinion in favour of the Treaty from being expressed. In one case a resolution in favour of acceptance was...

It would be useless to follow the debate in detail.

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The sitting of Tuesday was chiefly remarkable for the furious out- burst of Countess Markievitch, who in the name of pure Republicanism denounced l$Ir. Griffith and Mr. Collins....

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE Irish settlement is still unratified by the Dail when we go to press on Thursday. The general opinion seems to be that there will be a small majority for ratification. But...

On Wednesday, Mr. De Valera produced the text of his

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alternative Treaty. He also issued on the same day a manifesto to the Irish people. Both documents show that since the secret session he has moved further towards the position...

As for Mr. De Valera's manifesto to the Irish people,

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we need not do more than quote the opening sentences, which give a sufficient clue to its nature :— " To the people of Ireland. Fellow-citizens, you are in danger. Influences...

Mr. De Valera then explained that he wished his own

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motion to take the form of an amendment to the motion for acceptance. His motion or amendment, whichever one chooses to call it, was then circulated on printed slips, and Mr....

The air is full of rumours about a General Election.

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It seems to be agreed that there shall in any case be an election this year, but the choice lies between an election within the next few weeks and an election in the autumn. Mr....

TO OUR READERS.

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Readers experiencing difficulty in obtaining the " Spectator " regularly and promptly through the abolition of the Sunday post or other causes should become yearly subscribers,...

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At the Washington Conference on Wednesday, December 28th, M. Sarraut,

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for France, definitely refused to agree even to a reason- able limitation of her submarine flotilla. France, he said, would- accept the proposed maximum of 175,000 tons for her...

A conference of Allied. financiers and officials ,met.iu Parisiast week

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to draw up a plan for the reconstruction of _Geri - teal and Eastern Europe, which is to .be considered by the Allied Ministers at Cannes. They adopted the British proposal for...

The programme for the meeting of the Supreme Council of.

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the Allies at Cannes is to include the reparation due from Germany, the economic reconstruction of Europe, and the consideration of the Near Eastern questionorhioh has been...

Mr, Gandhi was recognized by the Indian National Congress, at

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Ahmedabad last week, as its sole executive saktheeity. The Congress is -now composed - solely of extremists, who are mostly very young men, and its creed appears to be an...

Mr. Root on the seine day proposed, on helialf of

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America, that the Powers should accept the code of submarine warfare which Great Britain had always advocated. Merchantmen must net.be attacked unless they refuse to stop when...

Sir George Younger, who is no mean combatant, on the

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other hand declares that Parliament has no right to dissolve until it has dealt with the reform of the House of Lords. Without resisting Sir George Younger's general conclusion,...

The delegates of the Far Eastern Republic of Chita, in

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Eastern Siberia, who are at present in Washington, published on Monday what purported to be correspondence between the French and Japanese Governments defining their common...

Mr. Balfour, commenting in plain terms on 11f. Sarraut's speech,

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pointed out that France desired to rival Great Britain and America in submarines, and to possess a larger number of new vessels than they had. It was obvious that so great a...

It was announced on Wednesday that France would accept; Mr.

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Root's resolution, and also an amendment by Mr. Balfour to the effect that the five Powers represented at Washington would agree among themselves not to use submarines for the...

M. Briand, in the French Senate last week, was urged

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to define the attitude that he would adopt in the conference with Mr. Lloyd George and the other Allied delegates at Cannes. He said that no compromise was possible for France...

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The London County Council has taken an important step in

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deciding to recognise the British Board of Film Censors, which is appointed and paid by the industry. Na cinema will be licensed unless its manager agrees to exhibit only such...

On Friday, December 30th, Mr. G. D. H. Cole, an

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apostle of Guild Socialism and one of the intellectual advisers of Labour, tried to epcnir is bourgeois at the Educational Conference in London. His theme was that the teachers...

The Revenue Returns for the first nine months of the

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financial year showed a revenue of £6'76,831,318. This was less by £211,072,410 than the revenue for the corresponding period of 1920-21. The Chancellor estimated for a decline...

It was announced last week that the Lord Chancellor had

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appointed a Committee " to consider the position of the Crown as a litigant," and to propose such amendments of the law " as may best conduce to efficiency and economy with due...

The expenditure for the first three quarters was £739,990,604, or

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£102,699,115 less than in the first three quarters of 1920-21. For the period there was thus a deficit of £63,159,286, as com- pared with a surplus of £46,114,009 in the...

The Headmasters' Conference by 36 votes to 10 has reaffirmed

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its objection to the proposed public school- athletic champion- ship. The objection seems to us very sound. The existing matches at cricket, football and so forth are excellent....

The New Year honours list was headed by Sir James

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Barrie, who was appointed to the Order of Merit. Four new barons were created—Sir James Buchanan, Sir Robert Nivison, Mr. Joseph Watson, a director of the Lancashire and...

The Postmaster-General has at last become aware that busi- ness

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men are finding it cheaper to have circulars printed and posted abroad for distribution in this country than to have them printed and posted here. - He argues in an official...

Zaghlul Pasha and five of his extreme Nationalist colleagues, who

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had been arrested, were deported to Ceylon last week. It is reported that order has been restored in Egypt and that the political strikes have ceased. The moderate Nationalists...

Bank Rate, 5 per cant., changed from 51 per cent.

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Nov. 3, 1921,; 5 per cent. War Loan was on Thursday, 9.1$; T - huraday week, 92} ; a year ago, 83k.

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HOW TO SATISFY FRANCE.

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1 T is impossible to make a working arrangement of • any sort with people with whom you do not agree instinctively and temperamentally unless you try to get inside their minds....

TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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AN IMPERIAL DEMOCRATIC PARTY.—II. THE POLL OF THE PEOPLE. T HE Labour Party and the Radical Party have always been thrown into an agitation of frenzied opposition by any...

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THE ALLEGED ATTACK ON FREE SPEECH. IN OXFORD.

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Q0 astonishing are the allegations made in a part k..3 of the Press about the action of the Vice- Chancellor of Oxford in sending down Mr. Reade and Mr. Gray (one because he was...

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AND THE CONSEQUENCES WILL BE— T HE world would be a

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much more agreeable place ,for politicians, for they would find it much easier to excuse themselves, if certain results did not invariably follow certain courses of action. "...

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THE SHUTTING UP OF THE DRAWING-ROOM. T HE middle-class drawing-room bids

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fair to become a memory—our children may hear about it with amusement, just as we hear with amusement about the best parlours of the working-class. Yet no one will be able to...

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THE LORD'S FAIR : THE COURT LEET AND THE COURT

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BARON. O N the bare Common where the proud geese wander at will the Steward of the Lord of the Manor, accompanied by Bailiff and Piper, sits on his horse and proclaims the "...

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FINANCE—PUBLIC AND PRIVATE.

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CONTINUED OPTIMISM. EASE IN THE . MONEY MARKET—FRESH CAPITAL. FLOTATIONS — THE NATIONAL FINANCES— REDUCTION IN EXPENDITURE — A FALSE ELECTION CRY—BANKING AND INSURANCE...

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THE " SPECTATOR'S " IRISH POLICY.

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• [To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") Sia,—Your attitude towards the Irish " Treaty " is to some of your readers absolutely bewildering. After reading your articles " The...

• - - AN AMERICAN ULSTERMAN ON THE SETTLEMENT. [TO

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THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") Sta,—We of Ulster origin and blood, although loyal Americans, think the British Government is not using Ulster fair. Or is Lloyd George a Sinn...

M. MADELIN'S "DANTON."

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(To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.") Sia,—Fresh from M. Madelin's Denton, I read your criticism of the book with keen interest. May I be allowed to empha- size your timely...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[Letters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs are often more read,and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] MYTHS OF IRISH HISTORY. [TO...

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DEW RESERVOIRS.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR."' RIX,—I have read Mr. Kerner-Greenwood's letter on " Dow- ponds," which appeared in your issue of December 24th. I have an axe to grind....

[To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR."' SIR, —In reference to

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a letter which appeared in your issue of December 24th on the above subject, the mysterious filling of these ponds has never been satisfactorily accounted for. Messrs. Hubbard...

EDUCATION AND ABERDEEN. [To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."'

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Sin,—About ten days ago Stephen Leacock said that as he worked north on his lecturing tour his audiences got steadily better till he reached high-water mark in Aberdeen. A day...

DEW-PONDS.

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(To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR."' Kerner-Greenwood's letter in your issue of December 24th gives information as to the making of dew-ponds which should be of considerable...

[To THZ EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR."' you permit me

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to sound a note of warning to farmers who may be tempted to give effect to the suggestion contained in the letter from your correspondent, Mr. J. H. Kerner-Greenwood? There is...

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A MEDALLION PORTRAIT OF MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. [To THE

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EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR, —Can any of your readers, I wonder, help me to identify a. likeness of Mary Queen of Scots, engraved in relief on crystal, oval in shape, and...

UNEMPLOYMENT OF PROFESSIONAL WOMEN.

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[TO THE EDITOR or TEE SPECTATOR."] SIR,—This winter is no time to relax efforts,.fer the relief of unemployment. We are, however, reluctantly compelled. to announce that the...

CONJECTURAL EMENDATION.

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[To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR"] , Sus,—May I add an interesting instance of a certain emendation. which only a specialist could make? In Sir John Reresby's Travels, he tells...

LINKS WITH THE PAST.

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[To THE .EDITOR OF TEE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—I have read with interest the letter from "j. 6.-15." in your issue of December 31st, which may stimulate correspond- ence on the...

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ART.

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THE NEW ENGLISH ART CLUB. MERE is no question that if we look out for enduring qualities, there is nothing else in this exhibition to approach the late Mr. Havard Thomas's...

POETRY.

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OLD LOB-LIE-BY-THE-FIRE. HENCEFORTH old Lob shall sweat for no man's hire On winter nights knee-deep in snow or mire, Split no hard logs, nor shoulder no huge burden, Since he...

BIRDS AND THATCHED HOUSES.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR, —Could any of your readers tell me how I am to prevent wild birds tearing the thatch off my houses? It is said that the birds find...

A DOG AND A MOTOR-CAR.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR, —You may be interested in a curious accident to a dog—a comedy, fortunately, not a tragedy—which happened a few days ago. I was being...

ARMY PENSION RULES.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR . "] Sia,—A curious anomaly appears to have been created by the latest Army Pension Rules. Acting rank held during the War counts as pension...

"I SERVE."

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—Surely the beautiful word " Service " is in danger of discoloration when one learns that domestic service is viewed by many as a...

APPLE TREES. ALONG the roads of Germany Are flocks of

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apple trees. Comely and soldierly they stand In gay, green companies. And in the early freshness Their trunks are grey with dew, And little apples faintly sway Against the...

NOTICE.—When "Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

The Editor cannot accept responsibility for any article, poems, oe

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letters submitted to him, but when stamped and addressed envelopes are sent he will do his best to return contributions in case of rejection. Poems should be addressed to the...

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BOOKS.

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IN WHIG SO(;Lh1Y.# LADY AIBIIE has given us a very attractive book. We say this in spite of the fact that a good deal of it is sketchy, a good deal of it obvious, and some of...

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LIFE OF BISHOP PERCIVAL.* PERCIVAL has long since been added

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to the list of the great Head Masters of English public schools. He was the maker of Clifton. He was not less successful when he became Head Master of Rugby, and had to pull the...

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THE CRAFT OF FICTION.*

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Mn. PERM LIIBBOCR'S treatise on The Craft of Fiction is an example of the hest qualities of the analytical method of criticism. Mr. Lubbock has really carried the analysis of...

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THE WHEAT PL...iNT.*

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AT Chelmsford a few days before Christmas the Essex County Farmers' Union presented a rose-bowl to Professor Biffen, of Cambridge, for introducing new varieties of wheat,...

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THE SAN FRANCISCO VIGILANCE COMMITTEE.' THE founding of the State

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of California is one of the most romantic episodes in American history. Bret Harte's tragi- comic stories reproduce faithfully the energy and turbulence of the Forty-niner of...

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A PSYCHOLOGICAL CHRIST.*

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" WHY, Sir, what stuff is this ! " exclaimed Johnson when Boswell admired a foolish poem foolishly. Had the sage come across this psycho-analysed, or psychological, portrait of...

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ESSAYS BY MRS. MEYNELL.f Tan .delicacy and charm which we

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always associate with Mrs. Meynell's pen are not lacking in this new volume of essays. Many of these are brief studies of half-forgotten writers like Joanna Baillie and George...

CALLIMACHUS.*

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AMONG the latest volumes of the Loeb Library we are able to select only one for notice, the poems of Callimachus. It has ." a peculiar grace," a special noteworthiness....

TALES ap THE R.LC.* Tales of the B.I.C. is, on

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one side, full of wonderful stories of inspiring courage, of -duty bravely accomplished, and of ability in the detection and prevention of crime. The tales are told with...

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FICTION.

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MADE TO MEASURE.* MRS. HENRY HIIDENEY has long been known as a writer of extraordinarily incisive novels. She spares no foible, condones no vice, but is perhaps generally a...

PICTISH STONE CIRCLES.

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Brsnor BRowws has written an instructive book, illustrated with a great number of excellent photographs, On Some Anti- quities in the Neighbourhood of Dunecht House,...

THE LATIN ORIENT.

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WREN Krumbacher decided to devote himself to Byzantine studies, one of his learned friends said that there could be nothing of interest in a period when the preposition am-O...

THE DICTIONARY OF PRACTICAL MEDICINE. The Dictionary of Practical Medicine,

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edited by Sir Malcolm Morris, K.C.V.O., Frederick Langmead, M.D., F.RC.P., and Gordon M. Holmes, C.M.G., C.B.E., M.D., F.R.C.P. In 3 volumes. (Cassell. £5 5s. net.)—All engaged...

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OMER NOVELE.—Elinor Calwuse. By Stephen Hudson.- (Martin Seeker. 5s. net.)—A

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study of a penniless American beauty of doubtful antecedents, who captures in her toils a young Englishman of good family. The characterization is vigorous, if crude, but there...

POETS AND POETRY.

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OXFORD POETRY, 1921.* IT is, perhaps, a pity that there are not a larger number of con- tributors to this year's Oxford Poetry, for one of the advantages of such anthologies...

POEMS WORTHY OF CONSIDEBATiox.-Poems of Home and Overseas. Compiled by

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Charles Williams and V. H. Collins, (H. Milford. 3s. net.)---An enterprising and attractive anthology. Considerable space is given to modern poetry. Five poems by Edward Thomas,...

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Max Beerbohm in Perspective. By Bohun Lynch. (W. Heinemann. 10s.

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6d.)—Mr. Lynch gossips pleasantly about the early works of Mr. Beerbohm, giving quotations, but was it necessary to rehash so late a work as that immortal description of...

The Scottish Historical Review for January contains, besides several notable

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articles on Scottish topics, an account by an American scholar, Mr. Volwiler, of Robert Owen's picturesque and fruitless mission to the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1818. Owen...

Miss Brierley's book, An Introduction to Psychology (Methuen, 5s. net),

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will give the reader a most useful summary of the creeds, first of the old-fashioned " classic " psychologists, secondly of the " behaviourists," and lastly of both the Freud...

The Hibbert Journal for January devotes its first three articles

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to the Modernist Movement in the English Church. Mr. Major, the Principal of Ripon Hall, who is said to be threatened with prosecution for heresy, contributes an article...

In A History of the Perm School, Cambridge (Cambridge :

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Bowes and Bowes, 108. 6d. net), Mr. J. M. Gray traces the story of what is now in many respects a pioneer school from the time of its foundation in 1618. The school has passed...

The Portraits of Dante. By F. Jewett Mather. (Princeton University

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Press ; London : Humphrey Milford. 21s.)—The greatest poet of his age, Dante, was painted by its greatest painter, Giotto, and in 1840 two Englishmen were instrumental to the...

The London Mercury for January contains the concluding portion of

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Mrs. Warre Cornish's admirable " Memories of Tennyson." " The poet once appeared alone on his return to Aldworth with the query, What do you think they are going to do to me ?...

In Psychology and the Christian Life (Student Christian Movement, 32

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Russell Square, W.C., 4s. net), Mr. Pym has endeavoured to relate the teachings of modern psychology as to such concepts as suggestion, the sub-consciousness, repressions, and...

The Industrial Welfare Society has changed the title of its

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monthly journal to Industrial Welfare (51 Palace Street, West- minster, 9d.). The January number is attractive in appearance and contains some useful articles. Mr. F. H. Hand,...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in this column does not necessarily preclude subsequent review.] The National Review for January contains a vigorous article by the Duke of Northumberland on " The...

The Publishers' Circular in its current issue states that 11,026

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new books and new editions were published in the United Kingdom last year. The total was larger by 22 than in 1920. It was less by 500 than the total for 1914 and leas by 1,3(.0...

The new number of the Library, dated December (H. Milford,

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5s. net), contains an elaborate study of " Early Railway Time Tables " by Mr. E. H. Dring, who adduces fresh reasons for regarding George Bradshaw as the originator of the...

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Costing for Manufacturers. By W. Howard Hazel. (Nisbet. 12s. 6d.

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net.)—Mr. Hazen, who has done much to improve the financial methods of the printing trade, has produced a sensible book on the general principles of cost-finding in industry....

The Oral Method of Teaching Languages. By Harold E. Palmer.

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(Cambridge : Hefter. 5s. net.)—Mr. Palmer, who is the Lecturer on Spoken English at University College, has written a thoughtful and practical little book on the oral or...

History of Labour in the United States. By J. R.

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Commons and others. 2 vols. (Macmillan. 60s. net.)—This substantial and scholarly book, in which Professor Commons has been assisted by six competent fellow-workers, traces the...