THE WAR IN ITALY.

No great event has yet marked the war. The information received from day to day mainly in the shape of official bulletins published at Turin is very meagre, and the fuller accounts are to some extent out of date when they arrive. Resuming our narrative at the point where it ended in our first ecli- tien last week, we find the Austrians on the right bank of the Po on the 3d May. They stayed there only the time necessary to break down two bridges over the Scrivia, and damage the Casteggio railway, and recrossed the Po on the 4th. Before describing their subsequent movements we quote from the Turin correspondent of the Daily News, the following interesting description of the line of the allies as it stood on the 7th May. After describing a visit to the King's headquarters, Allessandria, which he found occupied by troops of both nations, he says- " Following the advice of my intelligent guide, I rode as far as Valenza, a hilly village where the reserve is posted, under the command of General Castelborgo. This reserve, which by an easy road may equally march to the support of French and Sardinians is formed by the brigades of Savoy, and by two regiments of the Gmnatieri Geordie. General Cialdini's division, which consists of the Savona and Regina brigades, and of the 3000 Caccia- tori dell' Alpi, under the orders of Garibaldi, is posted on a line which runs from Casale, on the Po, to Frassinetto. The defence of the positions included in this line has been entrusted to the famous Italian Guerillero. The fortress of Alessandria, which has General Gianotti, an old soldier of the first Empire, for its ordinary commandant, is now occupied by General Fanti, to whom the command of the Piemonte and Aosta brigades has been assigned. General Cuechiari, a distinguished Modenese officer, is watching with the two brigades of Casale and Piemonte the hilly grounds of Novi, in order to keep an eye on the movements of the enemy if he dared to move from Tortona and threaten the road from Alessandria to Genoa. Durando, the former commander-in-chief of the division of Genoa, who, as you are aware, left this town on the 23d of April last, has been sent to Casale, where he still is, with the Cuneo and Acqur brigades. . . . . Let us now turn to the French army, which occupies, Novi, Bobbies Alessandria, Valensta, and the line of the bola. At the extreme left of their line, General Niel, with his corps d'armee, is now posted on the line of the Dora Baltea, keeping his eyes on Turin, in order to cover it if threatened by the Austrians, who yes- terday evening were marching by Tronzano towards Irrea. Mate

shal Itaragueyd' divisions extend themselves from Arquata to Novi, whilst Canrobert is ready to hasten from Alessandria to the right or the left, according to circumstances. General M'aiaheri, who four days ago was posted at Cassius Doris, has been sent with his division to Valenza, with the object of strengthening that line, already occupied by General Cial- dini."

Such being the position of the allies, we have to extract from curt telegraphic messages, the summaries of summaries, the details of the Austrian movements, or "demonstrations" as General Gyulai calls them. The Piedmontese Gazette published the following with the signa- ture of " Della Rocca" Chief of the King's staff.

"In the night of the 3d to the 4th of May the enemy constructed a bat- tery at the bridge of the railway near Valenza, and towards the morning of the 4th opened a most lively fire on our positions. The 8th battalion of Bersaglieri and the 18th battery of Artillery, which were stationed for the guard and defence of that post, distinguisluel themselves by their courage and intrepidity, and after three hours cannonade compelled the enemy to ceasehie fire." [In this affair a captain and corporal were killed and ton men were wounded.] 44 After some small encounters of cavalry, which occurred in the first days of the war, and in which our troops retarded the march of the enemy, to day facts of greater importance have to be mentioned. Towards 4.20 in the afternoon of the 3d of-May the enemy effected a strong offensive recon- naissance on the left bank of the Po, opposite to Frassinetto, and made an attempt to pass to the right bank. He displayed his forces as far up as Terranova, behind the bend of the river, and opened a heavy fire of mus- ketry and rockets on our advanced posts.

"The troops of the 17th Regiment of Infantry and the 17th battery, posted to guard that spot, sustained the lively fire of the enemy with intre- pidity. Major-General Cialdini, warned by the firing, hastened out of Casale, with the 15th Infantry, two squadrons of Montferrat Light Horse, and the 3d battery of Artillery, to reinforce the troops at Frassinetto, and to drive the enemy beyond the stream, if he should have succeeded in crossing it ; but before his arrival there, at night, the enemy had ceased firing and had retired. In the night of the 3d to the 4th, towards half-past one, the enemy attempted to construct two bridges of boats opposite Frain aimed°, but a sharp fire from our batteries made him renounce his project, and towards eight in the morning he again retired. " The reconnaissances made by the troops at Casale have shown that the enemy had abandoned Balzola, and, later, Terranova and Villanovs. Loss, 6 dead and 27 wounded."

Other bulletins published in the Gazette give further particulars. "May 7, Morning.—The enemy has evacuated Castelnuovo Scrivia, taking the direction of Casei, Gerola, and Pontecureire. They have loopholed the walls of the church Della Croce, and are preparing to burn the bridge. Other French troops have arrived at Turin, both infantry and artillery. No important movement on the part of the enemy. The powers of the lloya/ Commissary, M. Tecchio, are also extended to the province of Irrea. " May 7, .Evening.—Yesterday, the Austrians suddenly evacuated Vo- ghera, leaving behind the provisions they had exacted. Pontecurone is also

free. The wooden bridge on the Scrim, near Tortoise, has already been repaired by our troops. The enemy, in recrossing the Po at Gerola, used the bridge they had built and which they have since destroyed. Nothing new from Valenza and Bassignana. The troops that were at Vercelli had left the city this morning, under the command of a General of Division, and had proceeded towards Gattinara. Other troops have entered Vercelli. A few cavalry soldiers of the enemy have this day made their appearance at Santis. It appears from trustworthy accounts that the Austrians continue their intention of fortifying themselves on the Sesia, near the bridge of Ver- celli, in consequence of which they have pressed 900 workmen into their service, half of whom work by day and the other half by night.

"May 8, Horning.—The day before yesterday General Cialdini made a reconnaissance in the direction of Vercelli, the result of which we do not yet

know. Our light infantry have made some prisoners in the neighbourhood of Sala. The shameful exactions of the Austrians still continue ; they carry on this war more as robbers than as soldiers. At Vercelli, in addition to 300,000 francs, they have insisted on having all the leather in the place, -6000 shirts, linen for an equal quantity, 100 rations of provender daily for five days, and 300 sacks of rice." [It is also stated that an advance party proceeded as far as Biella and Ivrea and retired.]

"May 9.—The Austrians have advanced from Vercelli towards Buronzo and Saluzzola. They continue to fortify themselves on both banks of the

River Seale and also at San Germano. The Austrians threw out reconnoit- ring parties which advanced as far as the head of the bridge Casale ; but being attacked with energy by our soldiers they withdrew.

" May 10.—The enemy have evacuated Livonia, Tronzano, Santhia, Ca- vaglia, Saluzzola, and Vercelli, and have recrossed the Sesia in great haste,

leaving part of the levies of forage, fix., which they had demanded behind

them. Yesterday a strong Austrian column with four generals was at Stro- piana. This morning they withdrew hastily from Carasano and Stropiana." May 11.—" Some Austrian siege trains, a regiment of infantry, and a derachment of chasseurs have recrossed at Gravellona, and directed their

.course towards Casale and Pasterlengo, in Lombardy. Many of the enemy's troops are concentrated between Mortara, Palestro, and Robbie. The head- quarters of the Austrian staff are at Mortara."

Such are the miscellaneous items of news allowed to be made public. In the meantime the slower but fuller letters arrive. These contain

ehocking accounts of the exactions and cruelties of the Austrians. A letter supplied to the Globe by a special correspondent contains these statements.

" Although the Austrian troops have not dared to go in search of the Royal Army, they have freely committed all kinds of excesses in the pro- vinces they occupy. I do not think I am exaggerating the truth when I say that Austria is not making war in Piedmont, but is carrying on an or- ganized system of robbery among a peaceable and unarmed population. The official bulletins of the Sardinian Government have already published to Europe some of the excesses. Here are a few more details not less au- thentic.

" On entering Novara General Gyulai demanded a daily supply of a hun- dred thousand rations of bread, thirty thousand rations of meat, fifty thou- sand rations of rice, thirty thousand of salt, a hundred thousand of tobacco, 22,500 of oats, a thousand quintals of hay, and 2400 breutes of wine. These enormous supplies were to be continued during five days. They were altogether ought out of proportion to the number of troops stationed in the town, and were moreover sent at once into Lombardy. If there was any delay in complying with the demand, the town was to be fined five times the value of the provisions required, and in default of the payment of the fine the town was to be given up to pillage. All horses had also to be given up. At Vercelli requisitions were made of the same kind and on thesame scale, the destinations of the supplies being also the same. On the 9th of the month

all the leather in the town was demanded, as well as an enormous quan- tity of shirts and cloth ; and not only this, but a contribution of 300,000

francs was imposed upon the town. The supplies of provisions continue to be demanded ; and according to the latest news all the provisions in Vercelli will be exhausted, and the town will be exposed to famine. At Voghara a daily supply was demanded, to continue for five days, consisting of 50,000 rations of bread, 50,000 of meat, 50,000 of wine, 50,000 of tobacco, 50,000 of rice, 7500 of hay, and oats in proportion. At Terra-Nuova, a mere vil- lage, a requisition was made for 35,000 rations ; at Castlenuova, also a small village, for 50,000 rations ; and at Oleggio, another village, for 50 oxen, 100 quintals of hay, and 1000 rations of bread during five days. The de- mands made at Lomelline are still more extortionate. The exact figures

cannot be stated, as no regular and formal requisition has been made. Offi-

cers and soldiers are allowed to commit excesses of all kinds. The persons of the inhabitants are respected no more than their property, and the muni-

cipal authorities are treated with the utmost barbarity. On the smallest pretext the Austrian officers have recourse to corporal punishment. At .Scoppiana the syndic, the vice syndic, and one of the members of the Muni- cipal Council were arrested and carried off as hostages. The syndics of Mortara and Meda have met with the same treatment.

" Deeds of thikkind, committed in a country where the enemy encounters no resistance, are too eloquent to need comment. Civilized Europe will pass the judgment which it deserve on this mode of carrying on war."

The French papers teem also with stories of " Austrian barbarities." The Turin correspondent of the Sleek states that a dealer in butter, who

goes twice a week from Ivrea to Vercelli, was making the journey a few days ago with some companions, when the party saw a number of horse- men approaching at full gallop. With the tramp of the horses were mingled cries of distress, bursts of laughter, and loud hurrahs. For a moment they did did not know what to think of it, and, getting afraid, were about to turn back. But they had no time to do this, for the 1Jhlans were up with them in a few seconds, and, as they passed, killed one of them with a pistol-shot, for the mere sake, as it would seem, of a practical joke. These savages had seized about a score of young women, who were struggling to get loose from their drunken captors. Some of these poor creature' were tied to the saddles, others were gagged—their dress and hair in great disorder. They were conveyed in this plight to the railway station, a deserted building now ; and God knows what took place within.

The subjoined atrocious proclamation has, it is stated, been issued by General Gyulai at Piacenza.

" A provost-marshal's court is organized, and only applies onepunish- ment—that of death. The following are considered crimes incurring that penalty-1. High treason, or any net tending to forcibly change the system of the empire of Austria and of the duchies, or to attract or increase any danger from abroad against the said states. 2. The concealment of arms or ammunition of any kind. The public are particularly reminded that the punishment of death will be inflicted on tiny one, whatever his condition may be, or however irreproachable his previous conduct may have been, who shall be found in possession of arms or ammunition, either on his own

person or in his house, or in any place to which he may be supposed to have access. 3. Taking part in assemblages, whether armed or unarmed. 4.

Illegal enlistment, acting as spy, seducing soldiers, whether they belong to the Austrians or allied troops, and generally all that may occasion disad- vantage to the Austrians and advantage to the enemy. 5. Armed resistance or any aggression against sentinels or patrols, and the slightest violence against any Austrian or allied soldier. A warning is also given that the sentinels and patrols will not only have a right, but are ordered, to use their arms against any one who shall not yield at the first summons." But if the war has its painful it has also its amusing side, as these stories culled from a letter from Genoa will show- " For the last two days rain has been falling in torrents, and our unfortu- nate soldiers encamped on the high roads have suffered severely. They have however been supported by that constant good humour which never aban- dons French troops. Yesterday [the 3d,j a Zouave related to me in the following terms the predicament in which he found himself the previous night. Figure to yourself, Sir, that we fixed our bed in that of a torrent; be it understood it was dry—not a drop of water, but small stones, rather sharp. We had gone to bed and fallen asleep without the trouble of blow- ing out our candle. So far all well; but in the middle of the night there was a change, for we awoke with the water up to our waists. Such a torrent —it is certain that it must have sold itself to Austria. We were pad • like ducks, and there was no possibility of our changing our clothes, for all were soaked with rain. We consequently waited until morning to warm

ourselves with the sun, the fire of the good God. Now we think no more about it, as you may,perceive ; and, besides, we shall experience many similar inconveniences. The fact is, that in order not to injure private property our soldiers' camp was pitched on the road to Novi and Alessandria in the bed of a torrent which traverses the entire valley of Polcevera."

The Vienna correspondent of the Times thus sketches the Austrian Chief of the Staff.

" For a time it was suspected that the operations of the Austro-Italian army were directed by telegraph from this city, but I am positively im- formed that everything is managed by Count Gyulai and Colonel von Kuhn, the Chief of his Staff. Some of the most experienced staff-officers in the Austrian service speak in the very highest terms of Colonel von Kuhn, who in 1849 obtained the cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa. The Colonel, who is now about thirty-two years of age, was employed as pro- fessor of the art of war in the high school which was not long since esta- blished by the Emperor for those officers who, having finished their studies in the nulitary academies, were desirous of obtaining employment on the general Staff. Kuhn is a first-rate soldier,' says a distinguished general officer, and his adversaries will not fail soon to discover that such is the case.' " It is supposed that there are not less than 100,000 French now in Piedmont. If so, the combined army cannot be estimated at fewer than 160,000. Garibaldi is reported to have surprised and captured 300 Austrians near Vercelli, but the statement does not appear to be worthy of credit. An Austrian spy has been shot at Ivrea. General Gyulai reports a deplorable accident on the railway near Verona.

"A train containing military came into collision with some cars with ammunition. An explosion followed, and several carriages were blown up. Twenty-three men were killed, and one hundred and twenty-four (of the 17th regiment) were wounded. No officer was injured." The Austrians at Ancona not only reinforced their garrison, but de- clared the place in a state of siege and extinguished the beacon in the lighthouse. The authorities and the French appealed to the Pope, who protested against this infringement of neutrality. The result was that the beacon was lighted again, and the state of siege withdrawn. The French Regiments at Rome have been placed on a war footing. There is a talk of insurrectionary movements at Como and in the Val- teline. General Garibaldi has issued instructions to insurgents.

The following is a list of the Generals serving under the orders of the Emperor in Italy.

Major-General of the Imperial Army, 'Marshal:Vaillant. Generals com- manding corps d'armie—Marshal Baraguay d'Hilliers, Marshal Canrobert, General Regnault de St. Jean d'Angely, General M'Ilahon General Niel. Generals of Division—Renault, Roguet, Herbillon, Morris, Forey, Carron, Lamimult, Partonneaux, De Goyon, Be Cotte, De Luz)" de Pelliasac, D'Autemarre d'Erville, De Martimprey, Mellinet, De la Motterouge, Espinasse, Vinoy, Bazaine, De Failly, Be Montebello Bourbaki, Le Bmuf, Frossard, Desvaux, Trochu. Generals of Brigade—Baron Richepanse, Foltz, De Cassaignolles,.Genestet de Planhol,Gaudin de Villain, Marquis de Forton, Baron Marion, De Beaufort d'Hautpoul, Bouteilleux, Chau- chard, Grandchamp, De Martimprey, Verge, Beuret, Niol, Cler,. Be Cham- peron, Be Wimpffen, Cauvin de Bourguet, De Sevelinges, Guelin de Beville, Maneque tannin, Dumont, Blanchard, Picard, Goze, becaen, Coffinieres, Forgeot, Comte de Clerambault, Ladreit de la Charriere Douay, Prince de la Moskowa, Fleury, Auer, O'Farrell, Borgella, Courtois,

Roussel, d'Hurbal, De Negrier, Bataille, Collineau, Beret de Rouvray, Baron Neigre, Lenoble, Correard, Ducrot, Roze, Fiereck, Saurin, Delmas de Laperouse, Gault, Lefevre, Lebrun, Do Castagny, De Bonnet, Man- relhau, and Polhes. The names of the Generals are inscribed according to the dates of their commissions.