lortign ant eolortial.

FHANCE.—The alarm occasioned in Paris at the end of last week by the great military movements was not soon allayed. On Monday it re- ceived impulse from the publication of short and businesslike directions to the troops, oncerning the precautions to be observed in case of any new rising. Paris is now more assured; but rumours of Legitimist and Red Re- publican plots, and real fears of outbreak, are still afloat.

Government no longer keeps terms with the Red Republican press. The Afoni(eur of Tuesday contained this decree—

'The President of the Council charged with the Executive Government, con- sidering the decree of the National Assembly dated 24th June 1848, and which runs thus—' Art. 2. Paris is in a state of siege. Art. 3. All the executive power is vested in General Cavaignac.' As also the decree of 28th June, as follows— The National Assembly confers the executive power on General Cavaignac, who will take the title of President of the Council of '; "Considering that the journals the Representant du Peuple, the Pere Duchene, the Lampion, and the Vraie Ripubligue—by the doctrines which they profess against the state, family ties, and property—by the violent excitations which they ferment against society, the public authorities emanating from the sovereignty of the people, against the Army, the National Guards, and even against private persons, are of a nature, if tolerated any longer, to revive agitation in the heart of the city, diairder, and war;

"Considering that publications profusely and frequently gratuitously spread in the streets or the workshops and in the Army are instruments of civil war, and not instruments of liberty, decrees— "Art. 1. From this day the Representant du Peupls, the Pere Duchene, the Lanspion, and the Vraie Republsque, are and shall remain suspended." The remainder of the decree simply carries out this first article.]

In the Assembly, on Monday, M. Drouin de Lhuys brought forward the report of a Committee on a petition from the National Guards of Milan, for French intervention; which, at the instance of the Committee, was re- ferred by the Assembly to the President of the Council and the Minister for Foreign Affairs. The debate was animated; but its interest centred in the following speech by General Cavaignac.

'The question of Italy, the Assembly will perceive, is certainly a delicate one to treat at this moment: it is so especially for me, who am little accustomed to long explanations in this tribune, and who am not, perhaps, sufficiently practised in measuring and appreciating the value of diplomatic expressions." Since the Assembly had called him to the direction of affairs' it had been his first study to review the external policy of the Assembly, in its acts and manifestations. In the last expression of the wishes of the Assembly, on the 24th of May, occur the words "enfranchisement of Italy "; and had he not contemplated seconding the wishes of the Assembly in that sense, certainly he should not then have been called upon to dismiss the Italian question. In studying the will of the Assembly, however, he had endeavoured to take account of the situation of the country. " I Perceived from the beginning, that in making, with great prudence, the mainte- nance of a peace—an honourable peace—a peace worthy of a nation like ours— the basis of its policy, the nation also showed itself disposed to accord succour to a nationality of which the hoar appeared to be come and an efficacious succour: but, I repeat, I was always convinced that the first thought of the nation was to preserve an honourable peace—to satisfy the interest of its honour and its policy, if it were possible without troubling the peace of the world. (" Oui, ()WS" "Tres blear) I know well, that in a country like ours, it requires more courage to de- fend the part of peace, under certain circumstances, than to push forward into War. That courage, I can assure you shall not be wanting in me. " Before the recent events, I should not have hesitated to counsel the coun- try, to seek for this question a pacific solution : the recent events have not changed the situation of affairs; and with i till stronger reason can I sus- tain the opinion that I have before put forth. It is far from my thought to address reproaches, even indirect, to that generous population: no one here is animated by a more profound sentiment of admiration and of sympathy for that population. I wish that to be well understood; I wish no other sentiments to be ascribed to me than those which I express. Nothing conceals itself under my words." M. Cavaignac reminded the Assembly how not only the Government which carried succour to Lombardy, but also the Lombards and Venetians themselves, declared that they wished to manage their affairs with their own resources. ("Hear, hear r) The Piedmontese and Lom- bard forces were in full retreat before the wish for French interception manifested itself: it had before been repelled rather than sought. In this situation France could have hoped little for the success of a pacific mediation if she had presented herself alone. It was then that the Government addressed itself to the English nation, inviting that Government to prevent a general war and to maintain the peace of Europe. To an appeal made in those terms the English nation could not remain deaf. " We were not deceived. She entered with us into a common course of action, into a mediation from which I hope security for the peace of Europe. The alliance of two great nations is a fact from which cannot but issue a great and honourable result." M. Cavaignac had explained the principles, but he declared that to enter further into details would expose the mediation to the danger of being defeated.

" Before descending from this tribune, I wish to repeat that which was said just now to the Assembly, because it is a thought which often recurs to me, or one rather which never quits me. In a country like ours, gentlemen, there is often required more courage to plead for peace than to counsel war. If in the history of our country I find more than one man who has made himself a great name by war, I find many also who have ended obscurely, because they have determined to promote only the pacific interests of their country. For my own part, I de- clare solemnly, I have always thought with more respect of the latter than of the former. I think the Republic will only then be founded in France—the Republican education of the country will only then be completed, when those men who dispose for a longer or shorter time of the power of the country shall know how to reduce themselves to this modest part, and not think too much of themselves.

"If the line of conduct which I am firmly decided to follow, as long as the As- sembly shall permit it, should result in an honourable peace, 1 should not desire a greater service to render my country. If, on the contrary, gentlemen, (and I am now not expressing a fear—my hope is quite the other way,) I should have to counsel my country to enter into the path of war' —Eh! mon Dien! j'ai fait Is guerre !—it will be easy for me to resume the habits and to obey the instincts of all my soldier's life. It will be to me the thing—I will not say the most delightful, but at least the most easy. If such a necessity should arise—if I should have again to seize my sworll—eh hien! then I shall have done all that my duty to- wards the Republic imposes upon me. I shall not have placed that sword at the disposal of dangerous passions or personal interests, but at the service of import- ant Interests, the interests of my country's honour•i and it will be with a quiet conscience and tranquil mind that I shall reinter into that path which for me is not a new one. (" Tres bien, tres Lien r) To that point, 1 declare I shall re- sist with unshakeable firmness all that might draw me into what should seem in- jurious to the future of the Republic."

M. Jules Fevre having delivered an Anti-Anglican and Anti-Ministerial speech, General Cavaignac again spoke to reinforce his original position; touching particularly on an alleged popular notion that his Government had constituted itself a follower of the English Government.

He did not think it true that there was such a popular notion—(" No, no!")— " but if, unfortunately, such an opinion should exist, I think that the Govern- ment would be bound by the information to which it has access, and by the lights which it possesses, and which are wanting to what is called the popular feeling' —the Government, I say, is bound rather to enlighten that sentiment than to yield to it when it goes astray. (Approbation.) Do not let it be thought that I speak lightly of popular feeling; but the popular feeling, as I understand it, is the feeling of the people—of the whole nation." (Applause.)

The Paris correspondent of the Standard publishes a letter from the Duo de Bordeaux to a personage of distinction in Paris, asserting that not one of the letters from himself to the Assembly which have lately been read by the President of that body are authentic. "I have never," says the Duke, "suffered, I will never suffer, that my name be made use of to cause division and trouble: but if the hopes of the country are again deceived—if France, at length wearied of all these experiments, that keep her suspended perpetually over an abyss—turns her eyes towards me, and pro- nounces of her own accord my name as a pledge of security and safety, as the true guarantee of the rights and of the liberty of all,—let then this generous and beloved France remember, that my hand, and heart, and life,, and all are at her service, and that she can ever reckon upon me."

Commercial affairs present some aspect of improvement. The bullion in the Bank of France has increased weekly since the 20th April, when it was at the lowest amount-88 millions of francs. The manufactories of Rouen are in full employ.

ITALY.—Affairs remain nearly in statu quo: Radetzky at Milan' Charles Albert at Alessandria, and negotiations in progress. Peschiera has sur- rendered to the Austrians; but Venice has again declared herself an inda- pendent republic.

Geismar/Y.—It is announced that Denmark has rejected the conditions offered to her by the Frankfort and Prussian plenipotentiaries: also, that England and France severally have represented the concurrent opinion that Denmark is justified in this rejection, and "their determination to prevent any further aggression on the territory of the Danish Sovereign."

INDIA AND CHINA.—The Calcutta mail of the 1st July has arrived' - with dates from Bombay, by dank, of the same day, and from Madras of the 9th. The news from Lahore has transpired through two channels. The regular newspaper accounts described the general progress of events as favourable, but mention no striking occurrence. Lieutenant Edwardes and Colonel Courtlandt had assembled some 7,000 Patans and Beloochees on the West bank of the Indus, and had already beaten some of the De- wan's troops and taken some of his towns. The Rajah of Bhawulpoor had also crossed the Gharree, and attacked the Dewan in the South, though at first with indifferent success; a party of the Rajah's horse having been out off and routed with much loss. Lieutenant Lake had been sent from La- hore to assist the Rajah in reorganizing his troops and to assume a com- mand. On the whole, there was a prospect that our quarrel with the De- wan would be brought to an unexpectedly successful issue without the despatch of unusual armaments from Bombay or Lahore. But the Times has also published the following addition to this news, from a peculiar source of information- " Lieutenant Edwardes succeeded in crossing the Indus and Chenab, and effect- ing a junction with the forces of the Rajah of Bhavralpoor. On the 18th of June the united forces came into collision with the army. of Mokaj. They awaited his attack, and sustained a sanguinary conflict of nine hours' duration. The rebel army were completely defeated, and driven from the field, with the loss of nearly all their artillery, six out of their ten guns remaining in the power of the British. "The cause of Molraj is completely lost. Various conjectures were afloat at the time of the departure of the courier as to the course he would .pursue. The utmost he could expect was to regain his fort in safety; but there is a more pro- bable and a more Oriental termination to such a career—either that the rebel chief will destroy himself or be put to death by his own people. "The intelligence comes to us on good authority. It it be true, as we suppose, Lieutenant Edwardes will have earned for himself no mean place in Indian his- thriilie dates from Hong-kong are to the 24th June. Canton and the other ports were tranquil: commerce was inactive. The Times correspondent gives this solitary piece of interesting intelligence-

" A successful rencontre has taken place between her Majesty's ship Scout and a most audacious set of pirates near Amoy: Commander Johnston was slightly wounded. The coast is, in fact, swarming with pirates; yet our Government ap- pears officially to discourage merchant-vessels acting as convoys to native craft. We observe an increase of foreign vessels carrying up hative produce to the North,

particularly sugar from this port to Shanglute. Owing to the late equalization of duties in India on foreign and British bottoms, the American flag is already in active and successful competition with the country shipping, which must suffer severely.

New ZEALAND.—The John Wickliffe arrived at Otago on the 22d of March, with the pioneers of that settlement; all in good health.

INDIAN Ancnirektoo.—In June last, intelligence arrived that an ex pedition was in preparation by the Dutch against the Balinese pirates; which was, however, to await the intentions of the Home Government, as news had then just arrived in the East of the commotions in Europe. Subsequently, the Colonial authorities reitolved to push their enterprise without delay. The Rajah of Lombock, to whom the Balinese territory once belonged, agreed to cooperate with troops and a naval armament. The Dutch authorities fitted out an expedition of some 2,700 infantry, 300 cavalry, and 300 artillerymen with light guns; and on the 3d June em- barked them at Beazoe-Koe, on board of four war-steamers and eleven transports. The military and naval authorities were rather at variance as to the sufficiency of this force for its purpose: the naval commander dis- trusted it, but was overruled by the military head; who was so confident that he set out too early for the Rajah of Lombock to cooperate. The re- sult has been disastrous. The strong-hold of Djaga-Raga was the point at- tacked. The place was found to be fortified in regular form, and manned by the whole Arab force. It being four miles from the shore, the naval force could not assist after the landing of the Dutch force was completed. At first, the Dutch were somewhat successful, some outworks being taken, against great defensive efforts; but ultimately they utterly failed, from want of force: they were outflanked and attacked in the rear, and at last were obliged to yield all advantages and retreat aboard their ships. Fourteen officers, 114 European troops, and as many Native troops, were killed; and the number of wounded was proportionably great. The at- tacking force shot away 80,000 rounds of bull-cartridge: failure of ammu- nition is alleged as the cause of its retirement. A Dutch expedition against the Sultan of Sooloo, for the piratical depre- dations of his subjects, has also failed. Captain Honckquest, who was put in command of the expedition, attacked Sooloo on the 23d April, after three days' negotiations; his force being but two brigs. After many hours' cannonade by each party, the brigs retired beyond the fire of the Sooloo batteries. The town was fired in several directions.

WEST INDIES.—The Great Western arrived at Southampton on Sunday, bringing advices from Jamaica to the 22d, Cuba to the 27th, and St. Thomas to the 31st July. The American accounts of a Cuban revolution seem to have been exaggerations. A disturbance occurred in an outport and was put down immediately: the chief of the town was implicated' and had fled.

The Thames steamer had arrived at Jamaica with the news of the Ministerial measures for West India relief; which seem to have excited general disgust, and in some instances despair. The Jamaica Despatch of the 22d July says— "As regards Jamaica, its day of hope is gone. Let Ministers carry their measure, and they must accompany it by another: they who vote for the ex- tinction of Colonial property must be prepared at the same time to provide for Colonial institutions. The promising state of the national finances, under the benign influence of free trade, renders the present moment peculiarly fitting for such an addition to the Miscellaneous Estimates. This, however, we tell Minis- ters, that they will have no supply from Jamaica. They may levy, if they will, their taxes by orders in Council: their unconstitutional tyranny is quite equal to the effort; but taxes will not be paid. The taxgatherer may seize, but dis- tresses cannot be sold without a bidder."

In the Times correspondence we find this remark—

"Notwithstanding the hostility exhibited by the Jamaica press to the Ministerial measures, it will be remarked on reference to the price-current, that sugar, the staple of the island, advanced considerably in price, and was selling briskly at 17s. to 21s. per 100 pounds; whereas the quotations so recently as May 22 were so low as 12s. to 16s. per 100 pounds." In the Danish islands of St. Thomas and St. Croix, order amongst the emancipated Blacks had been restored, and the Negroes had returned to their work.

'UNITED STATES AND Mexico.—The European steam-ship arrived at Liverpool on Sunday morning, bringing advices from New York to the 8th instant. The domestic news is not important.

The papers refer to a matter which is rendered interesting by the late discussions on Vancouver's Island—a report that the Government at Wash- ington had asked a vote of 1,000,000 dollars to purchase lands from the Hudson's Bay Company. This, however, is explained by the Morning Herald, on authority— "As the line drawn from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific by the Oregon treaty placed several of the stations belonging to the Hudson's Bay Company to the South of that line, and consequently included them within the United States boundary, it was specifically agreed in the treaty, that the Hudson's Bay Com- pany should be indemnified for the capital they had expended on the stations In question; and the grant of the million dollars by Congress is for the purpose of enabling them to fulfil the treaty, and not for the purpose of making any new purchase of territory."

In Mexico there had been another engagement. The Government for- ests under Bustamente had engaged those under Paredes and Padre Js. rants, and totally defeated them. The Padre was taken prisoner, and shot on the field.