furtigu nut Cutguial.

Ili 8111.—We are still without details of Garibaldi's campaign, but through the contradictory telegrams which have poured in all the week, it is easy. to see that the Italian leader has gained considerable suocesses. After landing at Marsala on the 11th of May, he marched the next morning to Salemi. It is supposed that he pursued his march on Ca- latafimi, the key of the mountain range in that quarter. Here he was probably joined by some bodies of Sicilians, and here his soldiers first encountered the enemy. The Neapolitans declare officially that they dis- persed the bands of Garibaldi at Calataflaii, but no one believed them. And with goodreason. For the Neapolitan telegrams:themselves show that there had been fighting near Palermo. It is probable, -therefore, that Gari- baldi, gathering up the Sicilian contingents as he marched, advanced along the western slope of the range, by Alcamo and Partenico to Mon- reale, a ridge of heights within two miles of Palermo, forming a strong position. These heights it is assumed he carried by assault. There is no reason to believe that he met with any check in his march from Mar- sala to Monreale, and reporta from good quarters show that his presence had cowed the Neapolitan soldiery and had encouraged the people of Palermo, who, of course, could see his camp from their housetops. It is said that the only troops in the garrison that could be relied on were two battalions of foreigners; and that one regiment of Neapolitans had been sent to Naples for refusing to fire on the people. Garibaldi bad issued this laconic and significant decree:— "Giuseppe Garibaldi, Commander-in-chief of the National Force in Sicily, "At the invitation of the principal citizens, and on the deliberation of the free communes of the island, " Considering that in time of war it is necessary that the civil and military power should be concentrated in one man- " Decrees that he assumes, in the name of Victor Emmanuel, King of Italy, the Dictatorship in Sicily.

" Salemi, 14th of May, 1860.

" Stef. Turr, Adjutant-General. ..G. GAFTRAtaL" A great many utterly improbable stories are current in the continental journals. The real facts appear to be as we have stated them. We have now ample and accurate intelligence of the landing at Mar- sala, supplied by a correspondence presented to Parliament, containing the despatches of the British officers in command of war-ships on the Sicilian station. It happened that the Intrepid and Argus arrived at Marsala on the 11th of May. Their commanders, Marryat and Ingrain, went ashore to investigate the complaints of British subjects who had been disarmed. While there, two steamers, bearing the Sardinian flag, ran into the port ; one reached the mole, the other grounded a hundred yards from the shore. From the former, a number of armed men in red garments landed with celerity and order, and boats, surrounding the second, began to bring armed men ashore. These were Garibaldi's sol- diers, all fine-looking fellows, say the despatches, well armed, and many wearing medals, some the British Crimean medal. All the time, two Neapolitan war-steamers and a sailing frigate were in sight. The Bri- tish officers report that these steamers might have raked the vessel of the insurgents that was aground before her soldier crew could land. But the captains did not know what to do. They were evidently afraid. At length they began to fire—when all the Garibaldians were ashore. Extracts from Commander Marryat's despatch will show the character of Garibaldi's foes :— " Accompanied by Commander Ingram and Mr. Cossins, now acting for the Vice-Consul, I went on board the Neapolitan steamer. The officer in command told me that a large body of armed foreigners had landed, and that he had been obliged to fire on them. He seemed exceedingly nervous and agitated about the affair, and I observed that they particularly avoided firing on the steamers, which still kept Sardinian colours flying, without a pendant. " On our return to the Intrepid I found a Neapolitan officer on board, who had come from another steamer. He had been sent by the commander, with a request that I would send a boat, accompanied by this officer, to the Sardinian steamers, asking them to surrender ; which I moat positively de- clined to do, for these reasons—if the vessels were totally abandoned, which I fully believed they were, he simply wanted the use of the English flag to ascertain the fact ; and if, on the contrary, they still had men on board, it might be asserted our flag was used for the means of making them surren- der. Eventually, boats were sent on board, manned and armed, from all the Neapolitan vessels of war, the Sardinian colours hauled down, and pos- session taken. I should add that, when on board the steamer that was firing, I requested that the English flag, wherever it was flying, should be respected, which the officer said should be most strictly done. " It is hardly necessary for me to add, that the report current in Naples, as conveyed to you by telegraph, from her Majesty's Minister, is entirely without foundation. To say that it is mischievous is to use too mild a term, as it brings a false accusation against the commanders of two English vessels of war who happened to be there by the merest chance at the time of this occurrence, and who were as muchastonished at it as people never dreaming of such a thing could be.

" I may, however, be allowed, under the circumstances, to offer you an opinion on some of the facts of the ease.

So impressed was I with the idea that the commander of the Near politan steamer would open fire an hour before he did that I advised the Va. moval of English vessels out of the port. "It was in his power to place his steamers within 200 or 300 yards of the i Sardinian aground, and in such a position that every shot fired by him would have raked her from stem to stern, while the deck was crowded with men, and one may feel convinced that all landing by boats would have ceased. He also would probably have exploded the boilers, and no one can say what havoc would have been committed.

" On the other hand, nothing but indecision and indiscretion were visible, that is, if it was his object to prevent a landing.

" I have been at a loss to account for the question whether there were any English troops on shore. It may have been that the red shirts or coats of some of the lauding party misled the Neapolitans; but still, as the Sar- dinian steamers had their colours flying, one cannot imagine they supposed English troops to come from on board them.

" The following is a statement of the officers belonging to the Intrepid, who were on shore at the time of this affair :—

" While pulling in to the landing-place they observed two steamers coming in from the North-West. When entering the town they saw several people on the walls, among whom were women and children, all looking to seaward, but they took hardly any notice of them at the time. " After visiting the churches and other parts of the town, as they were passing through the main street their attention was drawn to a large con- course of people at the principal gate, and beyond the crowd many bayonets were visible. The people were shouting ' Viva l'Italia!' and they took it for a demonstration ; they did not, however, join them, but went into a cafe close to, imagining the arms they had seen belonged to Neapolitan soldiery. " While sitting here, the first thing that called forth any remark was i man in peasant's costume, keeping guard the other side of the street, and several -bodies of men passing at intervals along the road. Some men, apparently officers, then entered the café armed with swords and revolvers, and it being noticed that they spoke Italian, the idea occurred that they were others than Neapolitans, particularly as one of them had an English Crimean, and several the Sardinian Crimean medal. In consequence of this inquiries were made, and they then ascertained a landing had been effected, on which they thought it advisable to leave the town and go to the Consul's house ; but on arriving at the gate they were stopped by an officer in Sar- dinian uniform, who informed them they could] not pass without an order from General Garibaldi, who was at the other gate; accordingly, they went there and got permission through an officer who spoke to an elderly UM seated in a chair with a red garment on, and a wide-awake hat containing a feather and tricolour cockade.

" The officers then left the town and came on board, directly they were met by the officer telling them to do so." The sailing frigate only arrived in time to fire an useless broadside. The first act of the Neapolitans, as we learn from Commander Ayns- ley, stationed at Girgenti, was to withdraw one-half of the garrison of that place by sea to Palermo, and the other half by land, leaving there only 100 men.

The Neapolitan Government has issued two diplomatic documents, de- nouncing the "savage pirates" who have landed in Sicily, accusing the Sardinian Government of conniving at the embarkation of Garibaldi, and insinuating what is not true, that the position of the English steamers prevented the Neapolitan ships from attacking the insurgents.

Some action has taken place in the Papal States. It is said that 300 insurgents under Zanbianchi were landed from Garibaldi's ships—a doubt-

ful report—and that, met by 80 Papal gendarmes, the 300 were either slain or dispersed. The leader of the Papal troops was Primodan, a Legitimist officer serving with Lamoriciere. The brother of Orsini is said to have been killed. That something occurred is evident, for a body of insurgents entering Tuscany have been arrested and disarmed; but, as the Papal troops fired on each other by mistake, that may have been the combat alluded to. Reinforcements had been forwarded from Rome to the frontier, at the instance of Lamoridere, who went to Rome him- self. The French troops are not to quit Rome.

- The Neapolitan Government had offered the Sicilians an amnesty, a viceroy, and a separate government. General Lanza's proclamation to this effect was without result.

The Piedmontese Parliament is slowly proceeding with the treaties. That of Zurich has been adopted by 216 to 15. The Treaty of Cession is under consideration. Proceedings have been taken against a number of prelates, among them the Archbishop of Pisa, Cardinal Corsi, and the cps of Faenza, Forli, and Imola. The Bishop of Parma and the Archbishop of Piacenza have fled. Their offence is refusal to acknow- ledge the sovereignty of the King.

The Milan Gazelle states that the committee for the subscription to a million of muskets has taken measures, together with the municipal Junta, for sending the sums collected to Garibaldi.- The commune of Lodi, which had already voted a sum last year towards that subscription, has just voted another sum of 6000 franca for the same purpose ; and the Communal Council of Como has voted 50,000 francs in aid of the Sicilian insurrection.

The Venetians at Turin have brought the condition of their country under the notice of the Ministers of the different Powers at the Court of Victor Emmanuel, and also of the Picdmontese Government ; presenting to them documents describing the history of Austrian misgovernment.

$raurt.—The Brussels telegram, which appeared in our second edi- tion, had no political importance. The Emperor had only gone on a visit to his estates at Motto Beuvron, whence he returned almost imme- diately, to preside over a council of Ministers. The Duke de Gramont arrived at Marseilles on the 22d, en route from Rome to Paris.

The Legislative Body is engaged in passing hills to carry out the treaty. The Council of State is at present :occupied with a plan pro- posed for the improvement of the merchant navy, which has been for a long time the subject of numerous complaints. For instance, it is the State which defrays all the expenses of the deep sea fisheries, and the expense to the Government for the 12,000 seamen employed in those fisheries amounts to from 3,000,000 francs to 4,000,000 francs. M. Horace Say, a distinguished political economist, demonstrated that every seaman employed in the cod fishery costs the country 800 franca a year, and those engaged in the whale fishery from 2000 francs to 3000 francs each. He was of opinion that it would be more to the advantage of the finances of the country to employ these men in ships of war. The French Government is erecting formidable fortifications on the group of islands called Chansey, lying between Granville and St. Malo. When complete, they will cover a fine anchorage, where ships might lick shelter or assemble for any maritime expedition. It is asserted that the Turkish Ambassador at Paris has protested mainst the projected inquiry into the treatment of the Christians in Turkey, as attacking the sovereignty of the Sultan.

ffu191 U11.—The Prussian Chambers were closed on Wednesday by the Prince Regent in person. In the speech he delivered on the occa- sion, he said :—

" Government is most seriously endeavouring to bring about such solu- tions of the questions which at present engage the attention of the European Cabinets as will be adequate to the maintenance of the balance of power. "The principles which guide the Government in its relations with the Germanic Confederation and the German Diet in regard to the present highlyimportant affairs, have been explained during this session. The Govern- ment also will, in future, adhere to these principles, and will continue to regard the maintenance of the recognized rights of others as necessary for the maintenance of its own rights. Notwithstanding the difference of opin- ion existing in reference to important questions, in one feeling all the Ger- man Governments and people are unanimous with myself and the Prussian people,—that is, in unshaken fidelity to the common Fatherland, and in the strong conviction that the independence of the nation, and the integrity of the national territory are matters of importance, before which all internal affairs and dissensions disappear." The vote of the Berlin Chamber, granting money to place the army on a war footitig, was preceded by a spirited discussion. All parties joined. Reichensperger, the Roman Catholic from the Rhine, von Pritt- witz, von Berg and von Vincke all concurred. It was a vote of confi- dence in the Ministry and the money was avowedly granted because the state of Europe is full of grave dangers. Reichensperger said that "the mole is at his subterranean work " on the Rhine provinces. Prittwitz said Prussia might have to defend herself against a state hankering after annexations. Other speakers alluded to the course taken by Russia, and the alleged understanding between France and Denmark. It was reported at Berlin, that the Ambassadors of the foreign Powers would demand explanations respecting a speech of the Government Councillor Mathis, in which the Councilor recommended an intimate alliance between Prussia and England, in consideration of the Franco- Russian alliance.

The Prince Regent was to go to Treves on Thursday, via Saarbruck to open the. Rhine, Treves, and Saarbruck Railway. Marshall M•Mahon was to welcome the Prince on his arrival at the frontier of France, and the Prussian Ambassador was to join him at Saarbruck. The French Ambassador was present when the statue of the Archduke Charles, victorious over Napoleon at Aspern was inaugurated at Vienna on the 22d. Count Thun, the Austrian Ambassador at St. Petersburg, tas arrived at Vienna.

Manger .—The letter of the Emperor to General Benedek touching the affairs of the Protestants, provides that those Protestant bodies which have conformed to the Patent of September shall not be disturbed, but that those who have not conformed are permitted to hold meetings, re- tain the old forms, and ask permission if they desire to adopt new ones. All suits pending against, nonconforming Protestants are quashed, and all offenders pardoned unconditionally. In Vienna some persons believe that the early convocation of the Hungarian Diet becomes mere and more probable. It is also reported that the Government is disposed to reestablish the dignity of Palatine. The Hungarian journals express more hope. The Peril Hernik an- nounces that a rescript is expected shortly which will make the Hun- garian again the official language ; and the Pesti Hirlap, the officia/ organ, states that the Pesth Court of Appeal hoe resolved to present a pe- tition to the Ministry, praying that the use of the Hungarian language may be extended to the tribunals.

M rffmark.—The Dagbiackt of May 18, states that " the Danish

Government has lodged a protest at Berlin against the discussion in the Chamber of Deputies respecting Schleswig, and against the attitude assumed by the Minister for Foreign Affairs, Baron von Schleinitz upon that subject."

1111118.—A letter from St. Petersburg, published "in the usually well-informed Courier du Dintanche, gives what purports to be the points brought under the notice of the Great Powers by Prince Gortschakoff. " The Prince takes as his starting point the traditional solicitude of Russia for the Christians in the Ottoman Empire. He calls to mind the stipulatiOns of the treaty of Paris, and specially dwells on the firman of the Sultan an- nouncing reforms and ameliorations in favour of his Christian subjects. He brings forward proofs of the absolute non-execution of this firman, and the entire forgetfulness of the Porte of its engagement made to its subjects and to Europe. The Russian Minister, alluding to the situation of the points out the desolation, the misery, and the vexations, of which they are the victims; and quotes, in support of his assertions, several facts, which, according to the reports of Russian agents, have taken place in different parts of the Ottoman Empire. He consequently makes an appeal to the Powers which signed the treaty of Paris ; supplicates them to once more take in hand the cause of the unfortunate Christian population; and points out two means for obtaining a favourable result :-1st, that the Powers should address a collective note to the Sultan, reminding. him of his engage- ments,. and calling for the fulfilment of them ; or 2dly, in default of such a collective note, that each of the Powers which signed the treaty of Paris shall address a separate note to the Divan, but on condition that they shall be entirely identical."

It is not known what answers, if any, have been sent to St Petersburg ;, but i t is said that England, Austria, and Prussia agree on the following points.

" 1. As to the maintenance of the integrity-of the Ottoman Empire. `` 2. Should an inquiry into the situation of the European Christians in Turkey take place, it is by no means to be instituted exclusively upon the basis of the facts given by Russia, but in an independent manner, and upon the facts reported by the different Ambassadors and Consuls in the East."

It is very doubtful whether any Conference will be held. A letter from St. Petersburg explains the origin of Prince Gortschakoff's startling proceeding. It must be accepted with reserves:- " The Russian clergy having multiplied relations with the clergy of Bosnia, Bulgaria, Servia, Mentenegro,. and the Herzegovina, invoke' the Emperor's protection, as head of the Oriental Church, in favour of their un- fortunate co-religionists. The frequent reports of the Consuls-General, particularly those of Serajewo and. Mostar, have supplied abundant proofs-of the atrocious cruelties inflicted by the. Turks on the Christians. Prince Gortschakoff has within a short time presented several of these reports at the Winter Palace, containing serious statements on the general situation of Turkey. The Emperor, losing patience, told hini on one oecasion, ' Well, Alexander Michaelovitsch, what do you wish me to do ? The moment is not favourable to raise so serious a question without any results. Let the fruit ripen.' - It appears that the Prince thinks the moment propitious and the fruit ripe ; for I am assured that Alexander Michaelovitsch lately told the Turkish Ambassador, ' Hasten to apprise your Government that- we have incontestable proofs that the Sublime. Porte has not its with respect to the Christians.' The following day there was a.re- ception at the Prince's, and he repeated in the presence of the other Minis- ters what he had said the previous day, and shortly afterwards several high functionaries waited on the Prince to thank him for his manifestation. Ac- cording to the reports in circulation, the Minister of the Sublime Porte im- mediately apprised his Government of what had taken place. The same day a statement of grievances and a demand'for immediate satisfaction were for- warded to the Russian Minister at Constantinople by virtue of the Hatti Humayoun, and in 'accordance with the communication made by the Sultan at the time, which is incorporated in the Treaty of' Paris. The relations between Prince Gortschakoff and the French Ambassador are becoming every day more cordial. Everybody here believes that this good understanding is founded on the fact of the two Governments taking the same view of the Eastern question."

SlIrkell.—The Marquis de Lavalette had an audience of the Sultan on the 21st. It is said that his instructions are very conciliatory and in harmony with those of Sir Henry Bulwer ; and that he has not received any orders to demand in the name of France the execution of the Hat* Humayoun.

A telegram from Constantinople, May 21, says that "instructions have been forwarded to the Turkish diplompatic agents abroad, informing them that the Sultani uestions the competence of the Powers to institute

the inquiry proposed Russia. The Sultan invokes Article 9 of the erch

treaty of Paris, dated 30, 1856." . ,

5111118.—Advices from Simla to the 4th of May have been received by telegram. The Governor-General, who had intended to remain at Simla until July, was about to return in haste to Calcutta, in conse- quence, it is supposed, of the rash step taken _by Sir Charles Trevelyan. Mr. Wilson had answered the objections to his scheme in a speech delivered in Council. The Indian Government remains Arm to its purpose. The evil effects of Sir Charles Trevelyan's minute were visible in the columns of the native press. We have some news from the hills, where the Wuzurees are in re- bellion.

"On the morning of the 20th of April, the Wuzurees attacked Colonel

Lumaden's column, with some damage to the cattle and camp followere ; but they were driven out with heavy loss, and pursued for three miles over the hills, and to all appearances, have been broken up. The force under General Chamberlain joined that under Colonel Lumsden on the 26th. The Wuzurees gave up their -intention of holding Shapoor andPetray, and re-

treated." .

/In it Ptt $ t 8 tre.—The latest advicea throw little light on the great question agitating the Union—the contest.for the Presidency. The Re- publicans bad not met. A middle party, .Know-Nothings with a new name, were on the eve of _meeting at Baltimore. The Senate. was dii- cussing the slavery question, and the House was engaged on the tariff._ The Senate had adopted a resolution authorizing the employment of a vessel to transport not more than five astronomers to some point where the eclipse of the sun on the 18th of July next can be best observed. _