LOWER CANADA.

There is a revenue collected in this province, by the sale of public lands, and in various other ways, of which no official details are sub- mitted to the public, either in England or the Colony. It is expended under the authority of the British Ministry for the time being ; but is small in amount when compared with the patronage exercised by tin Crown in the Upper Province. The Post-Office revenue and ex-

penditure, the salaries, fees, emoluments, and perquisites of the col- lectors, the expense of management, and all other particulars, are kept as secret as possible; by authority, it is said, of the Ministers of the Crown. Mr. HUME carried three addresses through the House of

Commons, lase`August, Laving for their object the obtaining more full returns of Colonial revenue.

But Lower Canada is placed in a very favourable position with regard to government, as compared - to Upper Canada. In the latter,

AT representation is exceedingly defective, the population being a !nixed race from various countries, and the revenue and paper currency in the hands of an irresponsibleGovernment ; while in the former, there are very few officers whose salaries do not depend on the annual vote RI the House of Assembly, the members of which are fairly chosen by a constituency (more equally divided by a late local Reform Bill), four fifths of • whom speak one language, acknowledge a common origin, and

are members of one church.

EXPENDITURE OF THE CIVIL GOVERNMENT OF LOWER CANADA. FOR 1831, AS VOTE D 111"l'HE HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY, OUT OF THE

Governor in Chief Secretary to the Governor Assistants and Contingencies Receiver-General Inspector-General Nine Executive Councillors Council Clerk and Registrar Assistaut ditto Spenker, Legislative Council tlerk. ditto Assistant Clerk, other Officers, and Contingencies Speaker, Hoes, of Assembly sulary Clerk, ditto ditto . Assistant Clerk, and Contingencies, including 5001. for rent of Bishop's

Palace Chief Justice of Montreal salary '1,10

Ditto of the Province ditto. 1.500 Six Puisne Judges, each 9001 5,400 Provincial Judge at Three Rivers salary 900 Other two Provincial Judges at 500/ 1,000 Salaries of Attorney and Solicitor-General 500 Salaries of five Sheriffs 395 Contingent Bills of the Crown Law-Officers. 9.200 Ditto the Sheriff of Quebec 1,100 Ditto the Sheriff of Montreal 1,145 Ditto the Sheri ft' of Three Rivers... 465 Payment of needy Crown Witnesses 860 Serviees of Subpeenas in Montreal and care of Crown Witnesses 487 The Prothenotaries of Quebec and Montreal 650 Pensittu to Thomas Amyott 400 Ditto to Mrs. Dunn 250 Ditto to H. Ti. Ryland 300 Ditto to Sir G. Pownall 300 Ditto to Mrs. Elmesley 200 Other Pensions 160 Salary of the Surveyor-General 450 Other Officers in his department 702 Salary of the Adjutant-General of Militia 451) Ditto of the Deputy Adjutant-General VO To other Officers of :1.djutant-Generars Office, and contingencies 793 Miscellaneous Expenses 3,436 Commission to Inspector-General of King's Domain 330 Salaries of the Culleetor,Comptroller, Gauger, and Lautlwaiters at St. John's 715 Salaries of Collector and Comptroller, Coteau Mt Lac 375 Allowance to Returning Officers 1,007 Grant to Teachers of Schools 23,860 The Expenses of the Trinity Board. the Pensions to Wounded Militiamen, (ke. 21.7501. are provided for by Special Provincial Enactments 2750 Total Civil Government for Lower Canada defrayed by Colony X 55,934 sulary 44,500 ditto 500 2,800 'ulary 1,000 ditto. 300 ditto. 900 ditto. 500 ditto. 182 ditto. 900 ditto. 459 3.422 900 430 EXPENDITURE IN LOWER CANADA DEFRAYED BY THE UNITED KINGDOM.

The expenses of the army and navy stationed in Lower Canada, the repair and improvement of fortresses, and a variety of other miscellaneous charges, can be imperfectly ascertained by an inspection of the public accounts of Great

Britain.

Sixteen Pensions, Indian Department 4352 Five Missionaries, one Schoolmaster„ one President, &five Interpreters, ditto 837 A Secretary and two Superintendents, ditto 809 C. J. Stewart. Protestant Bishop of Quebec-salary and for a home 31200 Archdeacon of Quebec, 5001.; Rector, 400!.; Evening Lecturer, 1501 Other Clergymen of the Church of England ... 7,130 Two Presbyterian Ministers, 1001.; Verger, &c. 51/. 151 Roman Catholic Bishop, Quebec. •1,000 Two Presbyterian Ministers, at 501 100 14,429 It is probable that some part of the Secret Service Money is expended in the British Northern Colonies. The Jesuits' Estates in Lower Canada, which were placed under the control of the Local Legislature in 1831, were a fruitful source of patronage to the Exeentive, and the proceeds were generally applied to purposes the country will not sanction. As no proceedings were had with regard to these estates in the Assembly last session, it is impossible to say how they will be managed in future, but it is supposed they will be devoted to the uses originally intended by the French Government, namely, to the promotion of general education.

The accounts laid before the British and Canadian public as the expenditure of Lower Canada and the other Northern Colonies, include but a small propor- tion of the monies actually levied on the people for government. To obtain ac- curate returns of the expenditure, is at present impossible but details lunch more full and satisfactory than those now given might be had.

Of the duties collected at the Port of Quebec, a fourth is paid to Upper Canada, and the remainder disposed of in the Lower Province. There is also a large inland revenue collected at the Customhouses in the two Colonies, upon the commerce with the United States.

In addition to the various branches already enumerated, there are the two following sources of expenditure defrayed entirely by Great Britain.

Expense of Indian .Presents, Stores, Ste. 415,575 IMPROVING TUE WATER COMMUNICATION IN CANADA.

(Exclusive of the Works at St. Ann's Rapids.) Supposed Expense. Already Expended. To be Granted. Granted in 031-s. 41,044,952 4014,265 A80,687 450,000 • The Roman Catholic religion is professed by the great majority of the people of' Lower Canada. It is a popular ecclesiastical establishment, the dues of which are cheerfully paid. The Clergy have a legal claim to a twenty-sixth part of the produce of the soil; but when any Canadian forsakes the Church of Rome, he is no longer re- quired to contribute any thing towards the maintenance of its ministers. The 1,000/. pension paid by this country to the Catholic Bishop of Quebec, was a gratuitous e'er of the Ministry. The Catholics are both able and willing to maintain their clergy, without burdening another country. NOVA SCOTIA.

The annual Parliamentary grant for Nova Scotia, in 1825 rard 1826, was nearly 10,000/. It is now reduced to €00/., and this sum will not be required after the present year. The following tables exhibit the expenditure: of the Colony as stated in the balance-sheet, and a specimen of the salaries which is taken from the return of the "Establishment." This mode of exhi- bition is rendered necessary, not only in this account, but (with a few exceptions in the smaller Colonies) throughout the whole of the Colonial Expenditure, from the impossibility of reconciling the con- flicting statements in the documents. Thus, in the general statement of the Expenditure, the Lieutenant-Governor is put down at 2.000!.; in time Return of 1829, his salary is stated to be 3,700/. ; but in the list of the "establishment," it comes out to be 4,447/., with a residence, mid the pay and allowances of a General on the Staff, mid of a Commander of the Forces in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, &e., with a reference for the amount of his military emoluments to the Army Estimates, where the whole of them would not be found.* It should also be observed, that fees form a very important item in the income of many Colonial officers ; and these never appear under the head of Expenditure, any more than the incomes of the revenue officers, who seem to follow the home practice of paying themselves out of the receipts.

Civil E1ablisbment 415,051 Public Improvements 18,083 Educatiom Expenses of the Legislature, Support of Peon, &c. 7,224 Militia Service 1,242 Miscellaneous Disbursements for various Services 6,600 Total of Nova Scotia £51,200 Paid by Colony 450.400 Paid by Great Britain 800

4,147 1,15') 1,920 510 590 :i 1gOlt 2,0 1O1500000 COO 52:

51,200 SPECIMEN SALARIES. OF Lieutenant-Governor Chief Just ice Three Puisne Judges at 640/. each Master of the Rolls Treasurer Secretary and Registrar Collector of Impost and Excise Collector of Customs Comptroller of Customs Two Waiters'and Searchers at 400/. per annum The Right Reverend the Bishop NEW BRUNSWICK.

The Total expense of tire Civil Establishment is stated in the Balance Sheet at £60,084

How much reliance is to be placed upon these accounts will be seen from the following table, where the actual emoluments are shown in juxtaposition with the salary put forward in the general account of the Income and Expenditure. • This exposé may serve as an instance of all the rest. We may judge of the beast by his claw.

Salary stated in the General Thud Account. Income.

Lientenant-Governor 1,500 2,787 Chief-Justice (on half pay as an Officer of Dragoons, though the pall is nut received at present) 750 1.025 Three .Assistant Judges 1,500 2,I122 Commissioner of Crown Lands altogether omitted 2,996 Surveyor-General. 150 1,131 Secretary, Registrar of the Records, and Clerk of the Council 250 1.659 NEWFOUNDLAND.

Paid by Colony. Paid by Great Britain, Total.

Governor 116 3.000 3.116 Seven Civil Officers 119 1,525 1,644 'Chief Justice .. 1,200 1,200 3 Assistant Judges, at 700/. each .. 2,100 2,100

Judge of the Admiralty

.. 509 Attorney-General 250 450 70 Seven Legal Officers 406 1,336 1.742 Sheriff} 903 400 1,303 Ditto Labrador District .. 150 159 Archdeacon Roman Catholic Bishop

300 ,- 300 c-c.

Expense of a Colonial Vessel • • 2,300 2,300

Allowance to C. Coote. Esq., late Supreme Surrogate and Chief Magistrate at .St. John's, in consideration of his long and able services

.. 300 Miscellaneous Expenses 7,67 5,151 19.891 (Not appearing in the General Accounts.)

Collector of Customs .. 1,500 1,500 Comptroller • • 700 '700 Eleven other Revenue Officers .. 3,000 3,000 Total of Newfoundland 49,461

23,987 33,451 - PRINCE EDWARD'S ISLAND.

Lieutenant-Governor 490 1,000 1,190 Chief Justice

700 700 Seven other Officers 45 940 1,393 ..

Com ingencies . 130 130 Pensiott to C. D. Smith, nui., late Lieut.-Governor illla ... . mice to the Rev. A. M'Eachem, Roman Catholic .. 500 500 Missionary in Prince Edward's Island, fite., in reward of his meritorious services .. 50 50 Collector of Customs . 500

son

Militia 67

67 Miscellaneous disbursements for Civil Service- 2 108

9,103 -

-

- Total of Prince Edward's Island 43,123 3,820 6,943 .