forrigt tulnnial.

PIIIM—The Emperor and Empress returned to Paris from Fon- tainebleau on Saturday. On Sunday they received the " homage " of the Imperial family, the officers of State and the Household, and the

Military and Naval services. High mass having been performed, the Emperor received the Diplomatic Body. The Papal Nuncio was their spokesman. He said- " Sire—On the first day of the year which assembles the Diplomatic Body around your Majesty, I have the honour, Sire, to offer to you its respectful homage."

The Emperor replied as follows-

" I thank the Diplomatic Body for the good wishes it has addressed to me on the advent of the new year, and I am especially happy this time to have the opportunity of reminding its representatives that since my accession to power, I have always professed the most profound respect for recognized rights. Be, then, assured that the constant aim of my efforts will be to re- establish everywhere, insomuch as depends upon me, confidence and peace."

The Moniteur of Thursday announced the retirement of Count Wa- levraki, and the appointment of M. Thouvenel as his successor.

The pamphlet on the Pope has furnished material for shoals of lead- ing articles. N. Granguillot has been writing letters in the Comilla- tionnel signed a "Catholic Journalist." They were signed by one of the staff of the paper to comply with the letter of the law. As people wondered who wrote them, Granguillot owned them. His " modesty " he says had prevented him from signing papers directed against the Bishop of Orleans ! Where is the law of the press ?

The Paris correspondent of the Daily News, in a letter dated the 28th, describes a striking scene in a Court of Justice.

"Au event occurred at the Palau; de Justice this morning which produced a greater sensation there than anything remembered since the suspension of M. Michel (de Bourges) in (I think) 1834. In the sixth chamber of Cor- rectional Police, presided over by hi. Gislain de Bontin a case of political libel came on for hearing. M. Vacherot, the author of? a book called La Democratie," was prosecuted for exciting to hatred and contempt,' &e. The official advocate who filled the public prosecutor's chair, and who bears a name marvellously appropriate to what followed—that of Merveilleux- made a speech in the usual style on such occasions, denouncing the defend- ant as an enemy of society, a child of anarchy, and so forth. M. Emile 011ivier, the eminent advocate, and the eloquent deputy for Paris, who was retained for the defence, began his speech, as I have it from the report of a barrister who was present, as nearly as possible in the following words I will not follow the example of the public minister by making any appeal to passions, for I think that always a bad course —' Thereupon the pre- siding judge, interrupting in a very rough manner, told the counsel that he had insulted the advocate of the crown, and required him to retract his words. M. 011ivier replied that he had no intention to insult the:Advocate- General, and he would slightly modify the expression he had used, but he could not retract it because it was true. 'Upon this the Judge significantly -told the Public Minister that the Court was ready to hear him, meaning to intimate that he was to make a motion against M. 011ivier. M. Merveil- leas, who was probably as much astonished as any one else present at find- ing a matter-of-course phrase in the mouth of an advocate collecting breath for his exordium treated as a crime, simply said that he left the case to the wisdom of the Court. The Judges retired, and on returning to their scats informed M. 011ivier that he was required to retract his expressions. M. 011ivier again declined to do so and then the president, Gislain de Bontin, pronounced a decree, suspending M. E. 011ivier from practice at the bar for the space of three months. The cause was put off for a week, to enable M. Vacherot to chose another advocate. The moment the Judges rose all the Barristers in Court rushed towards M. 011ivier and successively saluted him, more Galileo, on both cheeks."

The Prase announces that after the suspension of M. Emile 011ivier, the Council of the Order of Advocates held a special general meeting to consider the case ; and being of opinion that the decree of the Sixth Cor- rectional Chamber was an unwarrantable interference with the legitimate rights of counsel freely to defend their clients, they resolved that an ap- peal should be made to a higher Court, and that M. 011ivier should be assisted not only by M. Plocque the present bfitonnier, but by all the past batonniers, and all the Members of the Council.

The Paris correspondent of the Atlas, a warm admirer of the French Emperor, give the following as a dialogue which took place on the 28th, _between "two high official functionaries," the one a Roman the other a Frenchman— Roman—" I can state positively that his Holiness the Sovereign Pontiff will never consent to give up his temporal power in the Legations, and that the instructions given to his Eminence Cardinal Antonelli are to protest and withdraw from the Congress should propositions of relinquishment be made."

Frenchman—" I think this species of threat is premature ; but supposing the fears of the Cardinal to be correct, and supposing that his Eminence should retire from the Congress, what in your opinion would be the result ?" Roman—" I am confident that Austria decidedly would retire also from the Congress, and not unlikely Russia also." Frenchman—" The Congress would be then broken up, and I should be very glad to have your opinion of what would be the natural consequences." Roman—" I am of opinion that the real feeling of the Romagnese is not known, and that so decided a step as the dissolution of the Congress would bring them back to their allegiance to the Sovereign Pontiff." - Frenchman—" I have no doubt that this is your conscientious opinion : but permit me to say that the information I have received would induce any reflecting mind to come to a contrary conclusion. And let us for a moment suppose my information to be correct; I then ask you again what would be the advantage to the Roman Government of the dissolution of the Congress ? But, before you answer me, I think it but right to tell you that under no pretence or circumstance whatever will the French Government, or the ma- jority of European Governments, permit the reinstatement of the Papal au- thonty by the force of foreign bayonets."

Roman—" We shall then have a continuation of the status quo, and we trust to time to open the eyes of the Romagnese to their real interests." • Frenchman—" Your calculation may be wrong again here, and as we have been arguing all along upon suppositions, I will now give you one that is not at all improbable. Supposing that England, being dissatisfied with the breaking up of the Congress in consequence of the Cardinal's wish to impose this policy on its decisions, and fearing that the peace of Europe might be disturbed, or at all events endangered, by a continuation of the status quo, should acknowledge the Sovereign whom Central Italy' (Ro- magna included) might elect, what would then be the position of the Sove- reign Pontiff ? "

Roman—" I must confess, your last argument has somewhat taken me by surprise, and I shall require time to reflect:" '

Frenchman—" I think I ought to go a little fiFther in my suppositions, and give it as my opinion that, Central Italy' once recognized by Eng- land, France would have seriously to reflect whether she ought not to follow her example • and, with Fraace aid England firmly united, there would be no great difficulty in inducing oilier Powers to acquiesce. And here I

will call to your recollection the great Belgian question. Though, on her separation from Holland, France and England recognized the new State, Prussia, Russia, and some of the Italian Princes refused that recognition ; yet all these Powers, with the exception of the Duke of Modena, have now their representatives at the court of Leopold. The Italian question may have the same result as the Belgian." Roman—" I have taken note of all that you have said ; but I should like to know what, in your opinion, would be the line of policy adopted by France in the Congress."

Freneh»aan—" I have no hesitation in saying that his Imperial Majesty is a fervent Catholic' devoted to the Pope, and would go every length to place the head of the Roman Church not only on a firm basis, but on one which should ensure for him that high veneration in which the Sovereign Pontiff is, and ought to be, held by every true and conscientious Catholic.'

telegram from Turin says that the Sardinian Government has been officially informed of the pronigation of the Congress. Antonelli was to leave Rome for Paris on the 12th. Perhaps now he will stay where he is. It is stated that " the Duke de Gramont has positively stated to the Holy See that the pamphlet Le Pape et le Congres does not contain the programme of the French Government for the Congress. This explanation has produced an excellent effect on the Sovereign Pontiffi and hopes are entertained that his Holiness will not object to be represented at the Congress." Garibaldi has been again summoned to Turin. On the 27th he passed through Milan. The authorities received him with much ceremony and the people with enthusiasm. To the National Guard he said-

" I have confidence in the patriotism, good will, and energy of the national guard of Milan, which on the day of contest will prove worthy of itself. I recommend to it training and the practice of arms, also the organisation of mobile and voluntary corps' which I hope will take place with the approbation of our brave King. I recommend all of you, my friends, to cooperate in this free institution, the safeguard of the free laws and rights of the people, and I depend on seeing you all assembling as volunteers, should the destinies of the country, require your presence on the field of battle, where I shall always be found among the first. The peace of Villafranca has left a vast career open to Italian bravery. France, which has given its aid to deliver Italy in part, has wished to leave to us the honour of freeing such of our brethren as are oppressed, and of delivering the whole of our Italy by the force of Italian arms. But what is necessary above all is to arm promptly and in great numbers." Garibaldi has become the president of a new society called the "Nazione Armata" It absorbs the National Association, and the old liberal committee. He has notified the fact in a letter dated Turin December 31. Garibaldi never tires of urging the people to arm. In a letter to a Florentine Deputy, he advocates a national militia.

"Exert," he says, "all the influence of your patriotic word towards the increase of the 4ational Guard ; let it become an addition to or reserve for the Army ; and if the law by which it was originally organized le in- sufficient, let the law be stretched to the full extent of our present want. First, we must have its numbers increased as much as possible. Secondly, it must be divided into three categories :—The sedentary, or veteran militia, consisting of old men destined to the service of the towns ; the ac- tive militia, which might do duty in the environs of the towns, could gar- rison fortresses, &c. ; and mobile, or movable militia, to whom all those men should belong who, without being actual soldiers, might be capable of taking the field with the regular troops, in case of need. This third cate- gory should immediately embrace all the numerous officers and soldiers who, for any other but a dishonourable motive, happen to be now out of employ- ment. The men of the third category should receive, if they need it, some subsidy or indemnity, which ought, however, to be something very different from a regular ygiy or stipend. Patriotism would easily put up with -the 'modicity of such a subsidy. I have myself served the popular cause in America for a period of fourteen years without any remuneration whatever. There can, you know, be no lack of men to offer their free services to their own country.. It would not be difficult, out of select national militia, to form corps of mounted Guides, as we managed in the late war, such light skirmishers being found greatly more useful than any expensive and un- wieldly regular cavalry—at least for all the purposes of Italian warfare. The Zouaves and the Hunters of the Alps have very lately shown that it 4 quite possible to fight very excellently without being choked by a stock or stifled with tight lacing. A national armament, such as I conceive it, would just suit the highly patriotic sons of Ricasoli ; and if he makes him- self the promoter of it, there will be no man unwilling to help, applaud, and imitate it. Do that, my dear friends, and I assure you God and the Congress will then be with us."

The Jesuits have been expelled from Parma, Modena, and the Ro- magna, and a commission has been appointed to take possession of their property. Two English women, Sterling by name, have been caught putting up placards on the walls of Florence inscribed long "Live Ferdinand IV.! Down with the Government !" They were at once arrested. In future Modena, Parma, the Romagna will be called "the Royal Provinces of Emilia."

A telegram from Modena says that "in consequence of a demand made by the family Mortara, who gave proofs to the Government that the kidnapping of their child had been ordered by the Reverend Father and Inquisitor Filetti, the latter had been arrested. Judicial proceedings have been instituted against him upon the charge of kidnapping a child.' Whereupon the Globe remarks- " When it was represented to the late Sir Charles Napier in India, by certain Brahmin authorities, on the occasion of a Suttee about to be solem- nized, that the promoters of this auto da fe had a law for it, which com- manded observance, old Eagle-beak made answer thereto, We also have a law that demands observance. You say you have a law for burning widows —well and good ; burn your widow by all means. Rut we have a law for hanging murderers; so, pending your Suttee-solemnity, I shall erect a gal- lows, and as soon as the former is satisfactorily celebrated, I shall hang you up on the latter !' Wo do not hear that the performance came off as an- nounced. And we think it exceedingly probable that if Reverend Inquisi- tor Filetti had foreseen a Buoncompagni regency, he might have been some- what more shy of kidnapping a child,' as that irreverent riginie terms it. Think of a 'dog Jew' getting human justice against a father inquisitor ! In Germany, to this day (we certify the fact, however incredible it may seem to our readers), when a Jew comes into a court of justice as a witness, he is addressed by the presiding judge as Verflucliter Jude ! '—' Accursed Jew !'—as a gentle invitation to state what form of oath he will hold binding on his accursed conscience. Cousin German at least has no very safe ground for the sarcasms in which he sometimes indulges with regard to the unreasoning adherence of Cousin John Bull to old formalities. Bu this boy Mortara—' that boy will be the death of me !'—may well exelain the Pontiff-Sovereign of the States of the Minh. There is not a Court of Cassation ' in Europe (unless in Austria) that would quash the judgment which will most assuredly be passed by the Italian tribunal which has now taken cognisance of the case.',

The Minister of War at Turin has published an account of the sub- scription commenced in 1866 for the 100 guns to Alesaandria. The gum subscribed in Italy amounted to 106,459 francs ; that subscribed in foreign countries of 47,454 franca; making a total of 153,913 franca; besides a piece of ordnance sent by the citizens of Boston, and another sent by M. Carlo Perla, of Aarau. The above sum being sufficient to cover the expense of 126 guns already cast, the Minister has given orders to place them all in the fortress of Alessandria. Each of them is to have engraved upon it the motto, "National Offering, 1856," and the name of one or more of the donors, the list of which is published with the above account. Among the names we find those of Victor Em- manuel II., Norberta Rosa (the originator of the subscription), Manin, the press, the army, the Italian students, the Italians at Rio Janeiro, Odessa, Boston, Chili, Peru, Bologna, Brescia, Aarau, Paris, &c.

The _Petrie publishes a private letter from Rome, according to which Sardinia had declared to the Holy See that it would consider the enlist- ments of German volunteers for the Papal army as a violation of the principle of non-intervention ; and had threatened, should those enlist- ments be continued, to despatch Sardinian troops into the Legations.

ernuattq.—The Emperor of Austria has announced that as the vo- lunteers who came forward during the war made the army almost com- plete, there shall be no conscription in 1860, and no more than usual in 1861. The Pope has raised three battalions in Austria.

The Vienna correspondent of the Times says that the explanations given by Count Walewski to the Papal Nuncio and Prince Metternich touching the Gueronniere pamphlet are of such a nature, that Count Hochberg and Cardinal Antonelli will be able to attend the Congress. The correspondent's informant added, that Napoleon is so completely master of the situation, that neither Rome nor Austria can effectually oppose him.

On the other hand, the _Dresden Journal, semi-official paper, prints a telegram from St. Petersburg, stating that on Wednesday the departure of Prince Gortscliakoff for Paris has been indefinitely postponed.

The Prussian Chambers are convoked for the 12th of January. A re- port that Prince Hohenzollern will resign is incorrect. It is stated that the Conference of the maritime German States, which was convoked by Prussia, for the purpose of discussing the question of fortifying the coast, will be opened on the 9th instant at Berlin.

The .Frankfort ,Journal, in its number for December 29, published from official sources a mass of Austrian statistics, referring to various departments of the Vienna State machinery, and though it is not very pleasant sort of reading, your correspondent's duty led him to wade through its details. Under the item of "Executions" the document registers :—In 1852, exe- cuted (mostly for politics), 328 persons; of which total Venice supplied 118; Lombardy, 113; Hungary, 71. In 1853, hanged or shot, total, 330 persons ; of which in Hungary, 129; Lombardy 93; Venice, 54. In 1854, total exe- cuted, 135; of which Hungary, 44; Venice, 19; Transylvania, 17.

131111#11111.-Notwithstanding official denials, it is clear that Austria is pursuing a system of terror in Hungary. Thus M. Edward Zsedenyi has been sentenced by the Criminal Court of Kaschau to four years' penal servitude in irons, and loss of pension, for having incited to con- tempt of and resistance to the laws. M. Zsedenyi was a prominent Con- servative member of the Diets of 1836, 1839, and 1843, and subse- quently, until 1848, an Aulie Councillor of the Hungarian Chancery.

The Wiener Zeitung tells us that this eminent Hungarian and others were brought to trial "not because they were present at the meeting, and resolved to petition his Majesty to suspend his Patent of the 1st of September, but because they recommended all the Protestant communi- ties in Hungary to hold firmly to the old constitution of their Church, and to communicate any Ministerial ordinances that might in future be published to the heads of the Seuiorats alone." In their circulars they declared that the Imperial Pcttenthad been unanimously rejected by the Protestants, and directed the elders not to lend a helping hand in carry- ing out the Ministerial ordinances which were published with it. The heads of the communities were also told "that they were to offer a passive resistance in the true sense of the expression.' By counselling their fellow citizens not to obey the Imperial Patent and the Ministerial ordinances, the persons above mentioned attempted to disturb the public peace, as paragraph 65 of the Criminal Code says, "Those persons are guilty of disturbing the public peace who publicly and in the presence of several people do, by means of printed papers, writings, or drawings, urge or incite to opposition or resistance to existing laws or ordinances." A similar gloss, no doubt, will be put on the following incident Stazs, the son of the chief of the Opposition party in Transylvania, has just been placed under the surveillance of police for six months, for having, on the occasion of the opening of the Transylvanian Museum, given a toast to Our brethren in exile."

The Austrian Government is selling the Crown lands, to which it has no right; and ten thousand Hungarians have signed a protest against it.

BOUM. —The intelligence from the Spanish camp and from Moorish quarters tells the old story of assaults and repulses. The Moors have vigorously obstructed the attempts of Prim to open up a road to Tetuan, and at a place, called by the Moors Fneedak, and by the Spaniards Castilligos, there have been sharp combats. The Spaniards claim the results as victories. So do the Moors. The latter say they seized and destroyed the advanced works ; the former that they inflicted great losses on the Moors. A Madrid telegram of the 2d of January Bays—

"After a glorious fight the Spanish army, commanded by General Prim, has defeated the Moors on the whole line, and advanced as far as Castilligos. The Hussars executed several heroic charges, and captured a flag. The Moors were 40,000 strong, and lost at least 1500. The Spanish loss was 400 to 600. The greatest enthusiasm prevails in the army." The Spaniards say their ships of war have blown up the forts at the mouth of the river Tetuan. We thought that service had been acci- aentally performed for them by the French some time ago. "A live Moor" has been caught, and made a lion of in the lines of Ceuta. • - A severe hurricane, worse than that in the Crimea in November 1854, inflicted great damage in the Spanish lines on the 18th of December.

It is stated that "three vessels sailing under the English flag, and irrying contraband of war, have been brought from Ceuta to Algesuas." rkr4.—Letters from Constantinople to 28th Dec. confirm reports of the sudden dismissal of Kibrisli Pasha, and affirm that it was caused by his demanding a settlement of the debts of the Seraglio and Harem. Ruchdi Pasha had been appointed Grand Vizier, and Aali Pasha Presi- dent of the Tanzimat, which office was formerly held by Ruchdi Pasha. It is believed that Mehemet Kibrisli Pgsha would soon be reappointed Grand Vizier. The friends of reform were dispirited, although Ruchdi Pasha has the reputation of being a reformer. The new Grand Vizier had despatched' a note to the Powers, promising his approval of the Suez Canal scheme should they come to an understanding on the question. M. de Lesseps was preparing to leave Constantinople. According to the Paris correspondent of the Morning Post " the Turkish Government has sent an answer to the French Ambassador concerning his Excellency's representations touching the Suez Canal : the Porte wishing to stand well with France as -well as England, and feeling a debt of gratitude towards both nations respects the wishes of each. The advisers of the Sultan, therefore, ask that the Suez Canal question may be brought forward at the proposed Congress, and discussed by all the great Powers."

Sidi& —The anticipatory papers from Bombay reached London on Thursday. The latest date is December 12. Lord Canning had con- tinued his progress as far as Agra, where he held a magnificent Durbar, at which Seindia was the most prominent figure. This chief has been rewarded for his loyalty by grants of land, and the more important concession of the right to adopt an heir ! " It is," said the Viceroy, "the earnest desire of the Paramount Power that the loyal and princely house of Scindia shall be perpetuated and flourish." Mr. James Wilson landed in Calcutta on the 29th of November. He has taken his seat at the Council Board, and has been feted by the Scotch.

The _Bombay Gazette makes a statement of considerable interest-

" The principal topic of discussion in Indian society just now is the amalgamation of the local with the Imperial army, which is said to have been finally resolved on by the home authorities,—though, of course, any arrangement the Government may make must be provisional, and depend- ant on the approbation of Parliament. The feeling of dissatisfaction with the proposed change grows stronger every day among the officers of the late Company's service ; nor can this be wondered at, for if it be doubtful whether the amalgamation is imperiously required for the interests of Use State, it is certain that these officers have everything to lose by it."

Sir Bartle Frere has gone to Calcutta to take his seat in the Council. Joseph Harkness, a railway engineer, has been sentenced, by the Supreme Court of Bombay, to four years' penal servitude for shooting at and wounding a native with small shot. •

Co, linty tar.—Advices from Brazil to the 8th of December

state that " peace had been concluded between the Argentine Republic and Buenos Ayres, by the mediation of Paraguay. Buenos Ayres was again to be incorporated into the Confederation."

NU .—The United States Minister, Mr. 3/Tune, has concluded a new treaty with that Mexican Government which sits at 'Vera Cruz under the presidency of Juarez. "It was ratified on the 14th instant, and provides for a perpetual right of way across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec from Rio Grande to Mazatlan, and from Guayarnas to Arizona, with warehouses at the termini of each tranait. All goods between the Atlantic and Pacific States are to pass free of duty. Goods shipped from transit warehouses to foreign countries are also to be free of duty.

" Our troops, military &ores, and munitions of war are to pass through Tehuantepec and Sonora the same as Mexican. The neutrality of the tran- sit is to be guarded lo) both Governments united. With or without the consent of Mexico, we are to posses • the right to protect the transit and property by force. There is to be perfect religious freedom. No forced loans on mg citizens are to be permitted.

"A supplemental convention permits intervention in Mexico to protect our citizens and enforce the treaty stipulations. "In compensation for the release of duties on passing transits the United States is to pay 4,000,000 dollars, two of which are to be received in pay- ment of claims."

Anita Ota W.—The latest ad-vices from the United States are to the 24th of December.

The Speaker had not been elected. In the several divisions in the House of Representatives Mr. Sherman, the Republican candidate, has held his place, obtaining nearly a sufficient number of votes ; the Demo- crats, at sea for a man, scattered theirs; and the Kuownothings had not rallied to either party.

The Senate of South Carolina had adopted a resolution, declaring that the safety of the Slave States demands a separation from the Free States, and urging her sister Slave States to initiate a movement of disunion.

A meeting was held on the 19th of December, in the New York Academy of Music, to do "justice to the South." The resolutions adopted were not less remarkable than the speeches ; and although the former are long, our readers may like to have them as a memorandum of the case on that side. They are as follows, beginning with a pre- amble—

"Whereas the people of the United States, 'in order to form a more per- fect union, establish Justice, ensure domestic tranquillity,' &c., as set forth in the Preamble of the Constitution for the United States, have ordained a Government of non-slaveluilding and of slaveholding States ; and whereas the Government is a Government of compromises and concessions :— "1. In the clause of the Constitution (Art. 1, sec. 2), recognizing slaves as persons to be represented by their masters, and as property to be taxed upon these masters. "2. In the clause (Art. 1, sec. 8), that Congress shall have power to suppress insurrections. "3. (Art. 1, sec. 9), in prohibiting Congress to suppress the slave-trade prior to 1808, and in giving Congress the power to impose a tax or duty upon each slave imported before that time, not exceeding $10 for each slave. "4. In the clause (Art. 4, see. 2), to deliver up, on claim of the party to whom slave service may be due, the person or slaveheld to such service or labour. .

"6. In the clause (Art. 4, sec. 4), upon the application of any Legisla- ture or Executive of the State, to protect said State against domestic vio- lence.

"And whereas the Federal Government has, from its origin, been ad- ministered by the Executive, by Congress, and by the Supremo Court of the United States not only in the letter but in the spirit of these compacts :— "1. Before awl after the Old Confederation, in the division of the then unsettled territories, by declaring all north of the Ohio to be non-alave- holding, and all south of the Ohio to be slaveholding. "2. in the ordinance, July 13, 1787, making free the territory, now Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan, but providing therein, also, for the surrender of fugitive slaves. "8. In the Acts, President Washington approving, admitting into the Union the territory of Kentucky, slaveholding, then the property of Vir- ginia, and afterwards the territory of Frankland, slaveholding, now Tennesse, then the property of North Carolina. "4. In the ordinance, April 7, 1798, John Adams approving, organizing the Mississippi territory, then belonging to Georgia, now Alabama and Mississippi, in which was especially excepted therefrom the anti-slavery clause of the North-western Territory, in these words :—

" Excepting and excluding the last article of the ordinance of 1787.'

"5. In the Fugitive Slave Law of 1793, George Washington approving, which passed the Senate unanimously, and the House ayes 41, Noes 7. "6. In the purchase of Louisiana President Jefferson approving, all that vast region west of the Mississppi, stretching to the Pacific Ocean and to the British possessions, all of which was under the laws of Spain or France, slaveholding, and larger in extent at that time than the whole of the United States.

"7. In the Treaty of 1783 (9th Article) providing against the deporta- tion of slaves, with the official correspondence of Washington, Randolph, Goavenieur Morris, and John Jay, thereon.

"8. In the Judiciary Act, 1789 (nth section), adopting the constitutional laws of the several States which recognize slaves as property as well as persons.

"9. In the Acts enumerating slaves for the purpose of direct taxation, especially the Act of 1813, James Madison approving, which assessed taxes upon the land, dwelling-houses, and slaves, at the value each of them was worth in money. "10. In the Treaty of Ghent (1814), under which from Great Britain eur Government receivei 51,200,000, and paid it over to the owners of de- ported slaves.

"11. In the purchase of Florida in 1819, a slave-holding territory, from Spain.

"12. In the decision by the Supreme Court of the United States of the constitutionality of the Act of 1793, in Priggs' case, and of the like Act of 1850, in every case, before any of the high Courts, Federal or State, unless in -one State Court of Wisconsin, and in divers other decisions upon laws, ordinances and treaties.

"Therefore, be it resolved, that the Union thus formed, constituting as it does the closest, most delicate, and important relation that can exist be-

tween communities of people, demands from each part a warm and earnest consideration for the safety, prosperity, and happiness of the other ; and that whatever policy tends to subvert these ends is hostile to the true spirit of the compact,

"That the Constitution, the treaties, the laws of the United States, and the judicial decisions thereupon recognize the institution of slavery as le- gally existing, and that it is our duty, as good citizens of a common Go- "tegument, in good faith to stand by that Constitution, those treaties, those laws, and the decisions of that final arbiter of all disputed points, the Su- preme Court of the United States.

"That, inasmuch as the proceedings of the Convention which framed the Constitution were brought to a stand, as appears by the declaration of Roger Sherman, one of its most distinguished authors, until a compromise was agreed to on the various propositions relating to domestic slavery, which aompromiae embraced a restriction on the power to prevent the importation of slaves prior to 1808."

The speakers made a thick-and-thin defence of slavery. Mr. Brooks referred to Hebrew history, old and new, to justify it. "The Bible is not in conflict with the Constitution." Mr. O'Connor put forward this theory- " As a white nation we made our Constitution, and we made our laws, Testing political rights in that race, the white American people. (Ap- plause.) And as to the negro, we allowed him to live under the abode and protection of our laws ; we gave him, as we were bound to give him, pro- tection against outrage and contumely, and we denied him, however, po- litical rights or the power of Government, and we left him, so long as the eommunity in which he lived should please so to order, we left him in the condition of the bondman. (Applause.) Now, gentlemen, to that condi- tion the negro is assigned by nature. ("Bravo," applause, and "That's se.") The history of mankind shows that his class cannot prosper ; they die out and become extinguished in any cold or in any very temperate cli- mate. But in the extreme warm regions his rase can prosper and be perpetuated. He has strength and is potent to labour ; but the nature which created the will denied him either the intellect to govern or the wil- lingness to work. (Applause.) Both were denied him—both were denied him! And that nature which deprived him of will to labour gave him a master to coerce that will and to make him a useful and valuable servant to the clime in which he was capable of living for himself and for the master who governed him. (Applause.) Now, gentlemen, I maintain that it is not injustice to leave the negro in the condition in which nature placed him—to leave him in a state of pupilage, to give him a master to go- vern him and supply his deficiencies,—nor is it depriving him of any of his rights to compel him to labour in return, and afford to that master a just compensation for the labour and the talent employed in governing him, and rendering him useful to himself and to the society in which he lives." (Cheers.)

Mr. ex-Governor Hunt enlarged on the duty of obeying the Constitu- tion and preserving the Union ; and deprecated sectional parties, saying that in his opinion "the subject of slavery has been too long mingled with party politics." The practical measures advised by the meeting were the formation of Union Associations. Several distinguished de- mocrats, Mr. Fillmore, Mr. Van Buren, Mr. Franklin Pierce, sent letters of apology and sympathy. Mr. Douglas has been reappointed chairman of the Committee on Territories. Has he then made up his quarrel with the Government ? In the Kentucky Legislature on the 13th Mr. Grover introduced a resolution instructing the representatives and senators from the State, in Congress, to urge upon the treaty-making power of the Government the necessity of inserting in the treaty of 1842 a provision making the ren- dition of fugitives from labour equally binding upon Great Britain with that of those from justice. The resolution was unanimously adopted. A circular, widelyatransmitted by a committee in Alabama to the Irish in New York, invites the Irish, as the friends of the South, to act in its interest, and gain thanks and rewards by acts of incendiariam which are minutely described,—by burning factories and granaries belonging to Abolitionists.

gum/Ht.—The Victoria Bridge over the St. Lawrence, rightly de- scribed as illustrative of the "poetry of engineering," the greatest work of Robert Stephenson, has been opened for traffic. Portland-in-Maine; is could not be advantageously extended to Ireland. now in complete railway communication with New Orleans, by way of Chicago, and of course with the great westernstates of the Union. That the supply of this last link in the great chain of communication will give a stimulus to trade is shown by the rejoicings of all manner of men over its completion, and by the lading of goods 'which had passed over it within five days after it was opened. We read that from west to east there passed 162 ears, containing 11,723 barrels of flour, 1552 barrels of pork, 140 bales of cotton, and 110 tons of general goods. From east to west there passed 130 ears, containing 534 tons of general goods, 170 tons of iron, and 39,000 feet of lumber. Clear proof that it is appre- ciated. Chicago is in ectasies, and naturally, for the bridge vastly in- creases her rising importance. Mr. Hodges, who has had the direction of the work, on behalf of Peto, Betts, and Brassey, gave an entertainment on the bridge on the 17th of December. The Honourable Mr. Ross, the Bishop of Montreal, and other notables were present, and the speaking was in the best taste.

lusir a lia.—Melbourne papers to the 17th of November, and Sydney papers to the 12th, arrived with the Indian mail. In Victoria, the O'Shanassy Ministry had been defeated on the address, and Mr. Nichol- son had formed a new Government, as follows—

Chief Secretary, Mr. Nicholson; Treasurer, Mr. M'Culloch; Public Lands, Mr. Service ; Public Works, Mr. J. C. King ; Post Office, Mr. Bailey ; Customs, Mr. Pyke; Attorney-General, Mr. J. D. Wood ; Solicitor- General, Mr. Adamson.

In New South Wales the Cowper Ministry had also been ousted, and Mr. Forster had succeeded in forming a new one. He has with him Mr. Samuel, Mr. Eager, Mr. Black, Mr. Wise, Mr. Hargrave.

In Victoria a strike for eight hours' labour was going on. The trades want a bill prescribing eight hours as a day's labour !

In both colonies there was great activity and productiveness in the gold-fields.