2 JANUARY 1909

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• S . 1 SUPPLEMENT TO THE S ECTATOR, July 17, 1909. INDEX. FROM JANUARY 2nd TO JUNE 26th, 1909, INCLUSIVE. TOPICS OF THE DAY. A BaUL.IIAMID, the Deposition of ... 689...

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LOemort Printed by Love & Maecotisort (Limited) at Dane Street,

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Hi t t re lb - o. - orn, W.C.; and Published by JOHN DARER for thb " SPEOTAT011" (1.41111t0d) at their Office, No, 1 Wellington Street, in the Precinct ef e Savoy, Strand, in...

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As we have pointed out elsewhere, death came to the

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people of Messina on the Sicilian side of the Straits and of Reggio on the Calabrian, where the destruction was no less awful, and of the towns and villages near by both cities,...

The procuring of food became a great difficulty, for all

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the local supplies were buried, and the roads and railways were broken up for so many miles outside the towns that it was almost impossible to bring in supplies. Even from the...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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TN the region bordering the Straits of Messina, at half-past five on the morning of Monday, and while it was still dark, an earthquake caused the deaths of some two hundred...

We cannot recall any occasion on which more sympathy has

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been felt for any foreign nation than that which the British people are now feeling for the Italians. Most Britons have a warm corner in their hearts for Italy and the Italians...

The causes of the earthquake cannot easily be sot forth

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in a short space, but we may note that Professor Milne, the well- known English authority, whose observation station at Shide, in the Isle of Wight, is equipped with the latest...

* 0 * The Editors cannot underiaks to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

. The suddenness and completeness of the destrnction caused by

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earthquake separate such catastrophes from all others. Those who have passed through the Straits of Messina—and there must be hundreds of our readers who have done so—will...

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The New York correspondent of the Times has some interesting

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comments on the progress of the Tariff Inquiry. He points out that hitherto the manufacturers have usually had it pretty much their own way at these inquiries. This, ho...

Last Saturday's papers contain a report of a statement made

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on the previous day in the Duma by M. Isvolsky, Minister of Foreign Affairs. After laying great stress on the value of the Auglo-Russian Agreement in preventing complications in...

After a debate in which there were violent speeches from

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the extremist leaders and an onslaught on the policy of the Foreign Minister from a reactionary Member, especially as regards the policy of friendship with Great Britain (n,...

M. FaNieves, the President of the French Republic, was assaulted

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on the morning of Christmas Day, while walking in the Champs Elysees with his secretary and an officer of the household, by a man named Mathis. The assailant, who seized M....

After a lapse of nearly five hundred years since her

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death at the stake in 1431, the decree of the beatification of Joan of Arc has been published by the Pope, and the ceremony will be solemnised in St. Peter's on April 18th. Her...

The Indian National Congress, attended by two thousand delegates and

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visitors, opened at Madras on Monday. Dr. Rash Behari Ghose in his presidential address expressed he gratitude of the nation for the policy of Lord Morley, Wgile strongly ....

The general moderation of the president's remarks was reflected in

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the subsequent proceedings of the Congress. Resolutions were unanimously adopted tendering loyal homage to the King-Emperor, expressing deep satisfaction with the projected...

There is no special fact to record in regard to

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the situation in the Near East. We have dealt elsewhere with the general considerations, which are far from reassuring. Meantime the attempts in the Vienna, and also in the...

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How is it that as a nation we have lost

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the habit of thrift, while other nations who have perhaps less grit and more d .. elight in material pleasures, such as the French, possess 1 , t , P We cannot help believing...

On Sunday last an Imperial Irade was issued at Con-

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stantinople approving the appointment of Rear-Admiral Gamble, of the British Navy, for two years at a salary of £3,000 a year to superintend the reorganisation of the Turkish...

Thursday's papers contained a'very satisfactory piece of news from America.

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The second trial of Abraham Ruef, the notorious Democratic "boss" of San Francisco, resulted on Tuesday in his conviction and sentence to fourteen years' imprisonment in the...

We draw attention to this example of thrift, not because

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it is in any sense miraculous, or even exceptional, but because it shows that thrift is very largely a habit. As Miss Loane in her remarkable books has pointed out on several...

"How can the poor be thrifty P They have nothing

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to be thrifty upon." Yet, continued Lord Rosebety, it has been found that periods of stress, and not periods of prosperity, have been the most favourable for thrift. Scotland...

We should like to add a consideration to supplement Lord

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Rosebery's admirable speech. Unless a man has saved something he cannot be or feel himself a free man. The man who has nothing put by, but lives merely from week to week, is...

The proposals of the Gernian Government for reorganising the Imperial

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finances are meeting with oonsiderable opposition throughout the Empire. In particular, the proposed spirits monopoly, and the new taxes on spirits, gas, electricity, and '...

On Monday Lord Rosebery gave an excellent address on thrift

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at the annual meeting of the Edinburgh Savings Bank, an institution in which the deposits have increased over a million in the last ten years. After a sly remark that when...

Bank Bate, 2 per cent., changed from 3 per cent.

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May 28th. Consols (2i) were on Tburivlay 84, 1 ,--Weduesday week 63i.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE EARTHQUAKE. T HE year 1908 has closed with a record of death and destruction which is unsurpassed in the history of European catastrophes. The great earthquake at Lisbon is...

THE EUROPEAN SITUATION. T HE beginning of the New Year is

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a convenient moment for estimating the international situation and the prospects of peace and war. Even if, on the whole, the balance must be held to incline in the direction of...

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FAIR WAGES AND SWEATED WORK.

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T HE Report of the Departmental Committee appointed a year and a quarter ago to consider the working of the Fair Wages Resolution of the HOUSE) of Commons, which dates as far...

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THE LATE EMPRESS-DOWAGER OF CHINA. T HE Western historian asked to

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place Tzu-hsi, the late Empress-Dowager of China, in her proper niche in history begins his difficulties with the fact that she was Chinese. Au Eastern chronicler might...

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CANON BARNETT ON THE FEEDING OF SCHOOL-CHILDREN.

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I N the Westminster Gazette of a week or two back there appeared an article by Canon Barnett on the "Feeding of Underfed Children." There can be no need to remind our readers...

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THE LAWS OF NATURE AND THE PROVIDENCE OF GOD.

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D ISASTERS such as that which has taken place this week in Calabria and Sicily have probably affected the minds of all ages with the same sense of terror, helplessness, and...

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by obscure channels. For in no idle, rhetorical sense, but

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in very truth, the destinies of the nation lie in the hands of the men that it has chosen, nearly all of whom are without experience of responsibility and statecraft. Most of...

CORRESPONDENCE.

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THE SMALL HOLDINGS ACT.—DEMAND FOR FIFTY-ACRE FARMS. (To TOO EDITOR Or TUB "sexarkrott..] Sin,—In relating two of my farms for Lady Day next I took off each farm fifty acres,...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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A CANKER IN IMPERIAL ADMINISTRATION. ure TON Iterros OF '1'1111 "Bl'1WI'AT011..") attention has been called to the correspondence in Your issues of December 5th, 12111, 19th,...

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UNIONIST FREE-TRADERS AND THE PRESENT GOVERN ME NT.

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TO TIM AMOR OF TIM " SVFCTAT071.1 STE, — For many years I hare been a constant enbeeriber to the Spectator, and have come to regard It as my guide, philosopher, and friend. But...

SLAVE-GROWN COCOA.

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[To Tall 111DITOIC OF THU " SPIOT•TOlt." Sru,—In your footnote to the letter signed "G. J. N.7 in the issue of December . 19th, 1908, you state that, as far as you know,...

[TO TIM ED/T010 OV THE " SPBOTATOR.".1

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Sin,—Eveiy one interested in the welfare and development of British East Africa, no less than those anxious to see the duties and responsibilities of Empire adequately...

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THE REFORM OF THE UPPER HOUSE.

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[TO TUN EDITOtt OY rue SFICOTATOR."} Sin,—May I venture to disagree with the Spectator is the reception it gives (Spectator, December 5th, 1908) to Lord Rosebery's proposals for...

FREE-TRADE AND "DOWN WITH THE LORDS." lTo TUN EDITOR OF

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THIS " SPEOTATOR."f Srn,—Will you grant me a little space to reply to your com- ments on my letter published in your last issue ? I ask it because your words imply that the...

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OLD-AGE PENSIONS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR:] SIR, — May I mention one or two cases where people in fairly comfortable circumstances have made successful applications for pensions ?...

NATIONAL FINANCE.

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[To THE EDITOR OM THE "SpROTATOR:1 SIR, — Why should it apparently be thought that every increase of direct taxation, such as an eighteenpenuy Income- tax (see Spectator,...

[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."] ,SIE, — May a plain man,

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a consistent but progressive Con- servative, free (thank God!) from partisan trammels, be allewed to express deep dissatisfaction with the recent action of the House of Lords?...

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POETRY.

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The lonely Spirit of the Earth, Looks forth, and from her secret place Beholds the New Year's birth. Born in the elemental strife Of molten five and earthquake shock, She saw...

THE RELIGION OF KINDNESS. Mo . THE EDITOR OF THB "SrEcrwroa."1

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SIR,—In the article in the issue of December 26th, 1908, he5.ded "The Religion of Kindness" the sentence occurs : "No doubt our Lord must be admitted•on all bands to be the...

LAND VALUES TAXATION.

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pro TUB EDITOR 01 THE " SFICCTATOR,1 SIR, —Following Mr. Pine's demonstration (Spectator, Decem- ber 19th, 1908) of the absurdity of making land, as property, sable to special...

A MILTON ANECDOTE.

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[To THI9 EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR." J SI R,"" - If it is not too late in the day to come forward with an anecdote of Milton, the following extract from an old family letter,...

EXPERIMENTS IN EDUCATION.

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[TO TRH Eamon OF THE " SPECTATOR." J SIR,—A great deal of interest is at present aroused by experiments or unusual ventures in education, although these become very slowly known...

"LORD ROBERTS'S BOYS."—CITY OF LONDON.

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To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR." j Si,—Your readers have evinced continued interest in these Cadet marksmen, as expressed by the "Spectator Tent" at Bisley, 1907 and 1008. I...

THE .REDWING IN ENGLAND,

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[To TUB EDITOR Or THIS " SPECTATOR...I walking a day or two since on the banks of the 1. 43 3' in Surrey, I was surprised to hear a song which i did not ' n °sr- On searching...

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MUSIC.

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SIR EDWARD ELGA R'S SYMPHONY, A NUMBER of circumstances combined to lend peculiar signifi- cance and interest to the production of Sir Edward Elgar's symphony. To begin with,...

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BOOKS.

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THE POETRY OF ISAIA.H.* THREE great poetical books—the Book of Job, the Psalms, and the Book of the Prophet Isaiah—are the glory of Hebrew 'literature. No,. other race can set...

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A NEW HISTORY OF ROME.* WHEN Livy said that he

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would have made Pompey win the battle of Pharsalia if the turn of the sentence bad required it, he was not talking utter nonsense, but simply expressing an important truth in a...

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HIGHWAYS AND BYWAYS IN SURREY.*

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Highways and Byways in Surrey is a very charming book both to dip into and to read. The secret of that charm is largely to be found in the fact that the author has had a just...

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SIR OHBISTOPHER WREN.*

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THE hook before us g oes some way towards making up for the ne g lect with which En g land's g reatest architect has been treated in recent years by the writers and compilers of...

THE BOOK OF THE PEATIL.t Tim co n stitution of the pearl

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is net unlike that of the diamond in its simplicity. More than nine-tenths is made up of carbonate of lime, and somethin g less than one-fortieth is water. In what remains,...

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N OVEL S.

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A ROOM WITH A VIEW.* Mn. FORSTER'S new novel is not only much the beet of the three he has written, but it clearly admits him to the limited class of writers who stand above and...

THE PREVENTION OF TUBERCULOSIS.*

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D. Newsmorate has done a great service to the nation. His hook should be read, and read carefully, by every man in a P°eition of responsibility, however great or however limited...

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Priests of Progress. By G. Colmore. (Stanley Paul and Co.

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65.)—This is a "novel with a purpose." The class is not a favourite, either with the critics or the public. Yet sometimes it demands attention. Charles Reade's work notably did...

READABLE NOVELS.— Chronicles of Service Life in Malta. By Mrs.

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Arthur T. Stuart. (Edward Arnold. 6s.)—A series of lively short stories of which the title announces the subject.— Ships of Desire. By L. S. Gibson. (Chatto and Windus. A...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Under this headivo too 'laic.. such Book, of the week as halm not beers merited for review in other forms.1 Among the publications called forth by the Milton Tercentenary are...

Joan of Garioch. By Albert Kinross. (Macmillan and Co. 6s.)—The

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love-story in this book and the whole of its sentimental interest are so extremely poor that it would hardly be worthy of notice except for a very curious account of events in...

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London Side - Lights. By Clarence Rook. (Edward Arnold. 68 .)—These sketches are,

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on the whole, of excellent quality. In tho first, "West to East," the author attempts to explore his subject geographically. Ho starts from Hanwell, and travels by conveyance...

Philips' Handy Administrative Atlas of England and Wales, Edited by

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George Philip (G. Philip and Son, 4s. net), gives us lists of Parliamentary divisions of counties and boroughs, lists of administrative divisions, the contents of these being...

, 2 'he Literary Year - Book. Edited by Basil Stewart. (G. geutledge and

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Sons. 5s. net.)—This annual appears for the thirteenth time. It gives us a calendar in which literary and artistic celebrities stand, so to speak, for saints ; an " Authors'...

In the series of "Do La More Booklets" (Do La

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More Press, la. 6d. net) we have a set of three,—namely, The Dream of Gerontius, by Cardinal Newman ; The Blessed Damozel, by Dante Gabriel Rossetti; and Christabel, by S. T....

Among the specially useful almanacs of the year may be

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mentioned Vinton's Agricultural Almanac and Diary (Vinton and Co., is.) Among the items of information we find the crops of 1908 in Great Britain. These were :—Wheat, 6,565,370...

The Post Office London Directory, with County Suburbs. (Kelly's Directories.

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32s. 6d.. &c.)—There has boon a change in the shape of this volume which certainly makes it more con- venient to handle. A book that deals with so vast an area and so huge a...

NEIN , EDITIONS.—The Dictionary of National Biography. Edited by Sidney Lee.

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Vol. X. (Smith, Elder. and Co. 25s. net.)— This volume corresponds to XXVIII.-XXX. of the original edition (the earliest of the portion which appeared under the sole editorship...