23 MARCH 1907

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The " grafters " of San Francisco have confessed to

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a shocking system of corruption which surpasses even the revelations already made. The members of the Board of Supervisors have all admitted having accepted large bribes from...

On Wednesday the financial statement of the Government of India

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was presented by Mr. E. N. Baker, the Finance Member of the Governor-General's Council. The financial year 1906-7 shows a surplus of 21,326,100, as against the estimated...

'V The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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O N Thursday the Members of the new Transvaal Parlia- merit were sworn in. The ceremony, in accordance with Dutch tradition, took place on the balcony of the Government offices...

Mr. Baker in explaining the figures said, with regard to

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the reduction of opium sales for 1907-8 (the number of chests sold at the Calcutta monthly sales is to be reduced from four thousand five hundred to four thousand after July),...

IL Stolypin's anxiously awaited declaration of policy was made before

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the Duna. on Tuesday, and will be hailed with satisfaction by all the well-wishers of Russia. The legislative programme which he announced is far-reaching, and justifies his...

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Sir Joseph Ward, the Premier of New Zealand, who has

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arrived in England to attend the Colonial Conference, has expressed his views in a very frank and satisfactory manner on the relations of the Mother-country and the Colonies. In...

Mr. Balfour made an excellent speech in reply, with the

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spirit of which we are in entire sympathy. We cannot, how- ever, help being amazed at one portion of it. He declared that the great bulk of the leaders and of the rank-and-file...

On Tuesday Mr. Balfour, accompanied by Lord Lansdowne and Mr.

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Walter Long, received a deputation of Irish Unionists, introduced by the Duke of Abercorn, who declared that the very prospect of Devolution had disturbed all the business...

We agree entirely with the Duke of Devonshire's state- ment.

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And not merely because we feel ourselves pledged, as we most certainly do, to defend the Union equally with Free-trade. If the Union were to be dissolved, so heavy a blow would...

The Duke of Devonshire on Tuesday, presiding' at the annual

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meeting of the Unionist Free-Trade Club, spoke with his usual wisdom and force. The Club, he said, was concerned with two great issues, the Union and Free-trade. As to the...

The Duke of Devonshire, after saying some excellent things in

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regard to the Colonial Conference, and expressing, what we feel certain he was right in expressing, his confidence that the Premiers of the Colonies' would know very well how to...

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The Bitting of the R011130 of Commons which began on

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Wednesday afternoon lasted continuously for nearly twenty- seven hours. The obstruction which led to an all-night sitting grew out of a change in the order of business which...

Bank Rate, 5 per cent., changed from 6 per cent.

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Jan. 17th. Consols (2t) were on Friday 861—on Friday week 844.

We have not space here to restate the arguments against

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Home-rule, though, in our opinion, the experience of the last twenty years has immensely increased their strength and validity. We must, however, protest against the entirely...

The Daily Mail of Wednesday, under the beading "Oxford's Necessity,"

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calls attention to the financial needs of the University, and indirectly to a scheme for raising a quarter of a million of money for the discharge of its more pressing duties....

Mr. Balfour'e speech from the first word to the last

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breathed the spirit of Free-trade, or, as the exact economists would say, of the principle of free exchange. The following passage deserves special notice. "For my own part,"...

Surely there must be an irreducible political unit, or else

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the fissiparous tendency which the Lord Chancellor seeks to encourage would tear every nation to pieces. The United Kingdom has become a unit, and woe to her if her unity be...

In the House of Commons on Tuesday Mr. Sinclair intro-

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duced a Bill to encourage the formation of small agricultural holdings in Scotland. The Bill is founded on the Crofters Act of 1886, and the Congested Districts Act of 1897. It...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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LORD SALISBURY AND TARIFF REFORM. 'VHF letter from Lord Salisbury published in the I_ Times of March 15th in regard to the action and policy of the Tariff Reform League has...

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IS A REACTION AGAINST PHILANTHROPY POSSIBLE?

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THERE can be no reasonable doubt of the immense 1 importance that the idea of philanthropy is attaining, not only in theology and in social arrangements, but even in hard...

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ITALY AND AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

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MHE recent declarations of Baron von Aehrenthal in the Austrian Delegation, and of Signor Tittoni in the Italian Parliament, may fairly be regarded as a turning-point in the...

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JAPAN AS A COLONISING POWER.

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WUROPEAN knowledge of Formosa is not so slight _12.4 as when the celebrated Psalmanazar foisted his ingenious fictions on Englishmen, attributed to the Formosans a dialect of...

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MUNICIPAL ACCOUNTS AND MUNICIPAL AUDITS.

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E cannot congratulate the Progressive minority in the London County Council upon their tactics on Tuesday. Sir Francis Mowatt's speech was perfectly correct in form, but it did...

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THE BOAT-RACE AND COMMON - SENSE.

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"TIIST look at that immense crowd ! What draws those effi people so mightily to this boat-race ? What ? They have nothing to win by it: it is, mostly, not their class' that...

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MR. HOWELLS AND RELICS OF FEUDALISM.

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M R. HOWELLS'S latest book, "Certain Delightful English Towns" (Harper and Brothers, 10s. 6c1), will be read with great interest both in the Old Country and the New, not for the...

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• AN ACHIEVEMENT IN ORNITHOLOGY.

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A VERY remarkable announcement has been made in description of a book to be published shortly by Messrs. Hutchinson. The subject of the work is "Extinct Birds," and the author...

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THE COMING QUESTIONS.

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ITO TIDI EDITOR OR TSB " SPIlerATOR.1 SIE,—Yon have a good deal on your hands. We have bad cabled to us at once the policy of government for Ireland, and Lord Newton's plan for...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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LORD SALISBURY AND THE TARIFF REFORMERS. [TO Tea forces OF THU SPEOTATOR.1 Sta,—It seems to me that all good Unionists should hail with satisfaction and gratitude Lord...

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EGYPTIAN NATIONALISM.

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rye ms ammo's Or TIM BP [gen.-role:1 Stu,—Your article in the issue of March 9th on the demand of the Egyptian General Assembly for Parliamentary govern- ment was a remarkable...

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[To xas Sorrel, or Tax - Srscr.wor4"7 Si,—In your last issue

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you honour the question of women's suffrage by devoting your first article to the subject. _After the usual compliments, you say that you would deny political power to women...

FEMALE SUFFRAGE.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPEOTAT0112] Sra,—Since insincerity is the greatest grievance which we suffragists feel to-day against men, we must thank you for the bald frankness of...

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE .4 SP liCT&TOIS.1 STE, — There is

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a peculiar aptness with which the old metaphor of the ship of State may be applied to the insistent question of women's suffrage. The sea-ship and the State-ship are both...

THE COMPREHENSIIrENESS OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND.

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pro THE EDITOR Or THE SPECTATOR:I SIR,—Whether or not it be a gain to a Church to be "com- prehensive" is a matter upon which much may be said; but it is doubtful if facts...

[To THE Enrroa Or THE SeSOTATOR."1

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Sin,—May I refer your correspondents (Spectator, March 16th) to the rubric which follows the ministration of baptism to such as are of riper years "It is expedient that every...

DEMOCRATIC WORSHIP AND THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND.

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[To THE EDITOR os sas "Spam . ..mm.1 Sin—In your article of March 2nd on the Diseatablishment of the Church of England you claim that the Establishment is democratic. May I...

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[To TEM EDITOR OF TEE . SPECFATOR.1 Sin, — In discussing this subject

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in the Spectator of March 16th, at p. 415, Mr. Cowley-Brown says .—" If ' sect ' means something cut off from an original body, the Church of England cannot be so described." I...

A PLEASANT SIGN OF THE TIMES IN CHINA.

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[TO THE norroa or THE . 81 . 1tOrATOE: . ] SIE, - It may interest your readers to see the subjoined extinct from a newspaper circulating among Europeans in and near Shanghai. I...

THE BATTERSEA BILLIARD-TABLES.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE ° SPECTATOR:] SIR,—I am surprised that the letter of Dr. McManus on the above subject (Spectator, March 16th) should purport to be a reply to mine. For...

(To wog EDITOR OF THE "SPRCTATOR."] notice in your editorial

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note to Major-General Eustace's letter in last week's Spectator two quiet assump- tions which seem to me hardly in accord with the general fair judgment and breadth of view of...

CHURCH EXTENSION AT ALDERSHOT.

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'To TEE EDITOR OF TEE .. SPROTATOR.”1 Sia,—Your very kind editorial note to my letter on the above subject of last week might, I think, lead people to assume that the troops...

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POETRY.

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THE PALE WORKER (Ma Marcum APRITER). (From the Yiddish of Morris Rosenfeld.) LO I yonder I see the pale worker, Stitch, stitch, without pause, without stay, Since first I...

BOOKS.

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THE AGE OF SPENSER.* M. JUSBERAND compares the Elizabethan age to one of those forests in the old romances of chivalry, "where errants met, and parted, and met again, losing...

AN ATTENTIVE CONGREGATION. pro TIM EDITOB OP TEl ..SPICITAT01):1

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Stn,—What the reviewer of Mr. Tabez Balfour's book in last week's Spectator heard from a prison chaplain about a congre- gation of convicts reminds me of an experience of my...

AUBBLSH IN COUNTRY DISTRICTS.

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[To run Burros or nue SPIWILTOR*1 Sra,—I should be glad if any of your readers could inform one as to whether there is any body responsible for the removal and disposal of...

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SIR THOMAS LAWRENCE.*

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THE Life of Sir Thomas Lawrence was well worth writing, and with the material at his command Mr. Layard might have produeed a satisfactory biography. He has been content to give...

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INDIA IN TRANSITION.*

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Swam time has elapsed since the first edition of this book was published in 1885; and some of the remarks relating to changes consequent on the developments of modern civilisa-...

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CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH.*

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AT the end of last year a luncheon was given in London to celebrate the two-hundredth anniversary of the sailing from London of the expedition which founded Jamestown, Virginia....

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Exton Manor. By Archibald Marshall. (Alston Rivers. 6s.)— Mr. Marshall

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has written nothing better than this, and we might say nothing nearly so good. It is the story of the disturbing per- sonality of a grande dame impinging upon the lives of a...

NOVELS.

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BENEDICT KAVANAGH.* SINCE the appearance of Mr. Birmingham's last book he has become something of a public character ; questions have been asked about him in the House of...

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MEMOIRS OF . - RT A 1 - A YOFF " Memoirs of

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"Malakoff." Edited by R. M. Johnston. 2 vole. (Hutchinson and Co. 24e. net.)—" Malakoff" was the nom de plume which Mr. W. E. Johnston used as Paris correspondent for the New...

The Romance of a Maid of Honour. By Richard Marsh.

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(John Long. 6s.)—The introduction of the Court of the present Ring and Queen into a novel always appears of doubtful taste, and it is as certain as anything can be that the...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Under this heading nos notice such Books of the week as have not bons reserved for rosins in other forms.] In Malay Forests. By George MazwelL (W. Blackwood and Sons. 6s....

CURRENT LITERAT LIRE.

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MARY CHRISTIE. A Tardiness in Nature, and other Papers. By Mary Christie. Edited, with Introductory Note and Memoir, by Maud Withers. (University Press, Manchester. 3s.)—This...

THE COUNTESS OF HUNTINGDON AND HER CIRCLE.

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The Countess of Huntingdon and her Circle. By Sarah Tytler. (Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons. 12s. 6d. net.) —Lady Huntingdon, who, curiously enough, does not find a place in"...

Tales for the Homes. (Chatto and Windus. 5s. net.)—Mr. James

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Merchant has collected and edited a volume of short stories and miscellanies of various kinds which is sold for the benefit of the " l3arnardo Homes." There are twenty-nine...

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In the series of the "Victoria History of the Counties

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of England" (A. Constable and Co., 31s. 6d. net per vol.) we have received the first volume of York and the second of Suffolk. We may call special attention in the first to the...

Dr. J. F. Rhodes brings his History of the 17nited

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States from 1850 to 1877 (Macmillan and Co., 12e. each) to an end by the publication of Vols. VI. and VII., taking in respectively the periods 1866-72 and 1872-77. Vol. VII....

The Paisley Thread. By Matthew Blair. (Alex. Gardner, Paisley. 6s.)—The

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spinning of thread has been done at Paisley from time immemorial, but it first became a fine art in the hands of Christian Shaw, daughter of John Shaw, Laird of Balgarran. This...

Labour Laws for Women in the United States. By Josephine

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C. Goldmark. (Women's Industrial Council. ld.)—We cannot attempt to analyse the fads which are stated in this pamphlet ; the general result is that the United States...

From Workhouse to Westminster, the Life-Story of Will Crooks, M.P.

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By George Haw. (Cassell and Co. 65.)—We do not propose to criticise this book. We always feel doubtful about biographies of living men, and the story of Mr. Crooks presents the...

A Dictionary of Commercial porrespondence : English-French, German, Spanish, and

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Italian. (Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons. 7s. 6d. net.)—All words and phrases likely to be used in business correspondence are given here, alphabetically arranged, with their...

Apollo. By S. Reinath. Translated from the French by Florence

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Simmonds. (W. Heinemann. 6s.)—This is a new edition, revised, with some new illustrations, of a work published two years ago under the title of "The Story of Art throughout the...

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NEW EurrioNs.—The Life of Charles Lamb. By E. V. Lucas.

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(Methuen and Co. 7s. 6d. net.)—This is a cheaper edition of an admirable book, one that can scarcely fail to remain the standard book on its subject. It is substantially the...

The Stone Implements of South Africa. By J. P. Johnson.

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(Longmans and Co. 7e. 6d.)—Mr. Johnson arranges his "finds" in the order which they have in the scale of culture, beginning with the Primitive and bringing them down to the...

. The Early Diary of Frances Burney. Edited by Annie

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Raine Ellis. 2 vols. (G. Bell and Sons. 3s. 6d. per vol.)—This is " substantially a reprint" of Mrs. Rains Ellis's edition of 1889. Madame D'Arblay revised her early diaries...

The Mind and the Brain. By Alfred Binet. (Regan Paul,

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Trench, and Co. 55)—This is a volume of the "International Scientific Series," appearing under the editorship of Mr. F. Legge. M. Binet's philosophy is what we should commonly...