6 FEBRUARY 1915

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There is little to report from the western theatre of

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the war, but that little is in favour of the Allies. An Irishman might describe the situation as "a progressive stalemate, slightly in favour of both sides, but oftenest on that...

Coincident with the German Government's strange demi ment comes a

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statement issued by our Foreign Office in Friday's papers. It points out that the new German decree that all grain and flour are to pass under the control of the Government...

We make no complaint of this procedure, for in a

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matter of this kind it is our imperative duty to set an example in fair dealing and in the strict observance of international law, wherever that law is clear and binding, and,...

Germany thus proclaims a paper blockade of all the British

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coast, to be carried out, when possible, by submarines ! Thie new act of war is really too childish for discussion. It means no fresh development whatever. The Germans, as...

In the eastern theatre there have been greater doings Throughout

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the week the Germans have made desperate attacks upon the Russian positions on the Bzura, fourteen regiments being engaged in these assaults. Fire from masses of artillery...

The Foreign Office goes on to declare that the German

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intention to sink merchant ships by submarines withOut bringing them to port or providing for the safety of the crews, "and the attempt to effect this even against a hospital...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE mountain has produced a curious little naval mouse. The meeting of the German Council of War, together with the Emperor's State visit to the fleet at Wilhelms- haven,...

TheEelitore cannot undertake to return Manuscript in any case.

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The applications for the badge have not been abused, and

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the greatest gratitude has been shown by its recipients, who now number over a thousand. In an appreciable number of cases rejected men, encouraged by therecognition of their...

That the grand attack will be a failure, and that

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large numbers of the enemy's troops will be made prisoners is our forecast, but we are not going to be so foolish as to count our chickens before they are hatched. In war there...

Friday's papers contain a most interesting official state- ment from

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Cairo. On Wednesday Toussoum, a post near the middle of the Suez Canal, was attacked at 3 a.m. by the Turks, and a determined attempt was made to cross the Canal by means of...

In the Lords Lord Lansdowne, who was sincerely welcomed back

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after his illness, stated that though be and Mr. Boner Law had been shown many confidential communications freer the Foreign Office and Sir John French, there had been nothing...

The Times of Friday contains an interesting letter from Lord

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B,oaebery, asking why a man who has offered himself as a recruit and been refused should not have a certificate record- ing that he has done his best to serve. We are delighted...

A second attack was made at the Ismailia Ferry, where

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at daylight the enemy were found digging entrenchments some seven hundred or eight hundred yards from our poste, and two battalions of the enemy fired on our men with rifles....

Mr. King's incongruous remarks fell on the House rather as

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though some one on a great domestic occasion, such as a wedding or a funeral, should worry the life out of the staff and the guests because he had lost a hairbrush or a stud. It...

In the Commons on Wednesday Mr. Asquith moved to take

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all the time of the House, while allowing private Members an extension of their daily period of debate on the adjournment from half an hour to an hour. He pointed out that it...

Parliament reassembled on Tuesday, and both Houses were chiefly concerned

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in defining the relations of the Government and the Opposition in view of the task before the nation Mr. Boner Law explained that there was a mistaken impres- sion in the...

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This attitude was so foolish as to amount to criminality,

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if you will, but it was by no means specially the attitude of Lord Haldane. If the policy was insensate, as we always declared it to be, the blame must rest upon the...

A very important fact to notice is that the neat/

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of Paris required that a blockade, to be recognized by international law, must be "effective." The comparatively few Federal ships could . not possibly establish an effective...

The Temps of Tuesday published two letters about the war

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which Mr. Kipling wrote to a friend. Mr. Kipling says in the first "I tell every one what every one tells me—that the war will last three years. But, personally, I can hardly...

Our chief complaint against Lord Haldane and the Govern- ment

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as a whole, for here again the responsibility is theirs, is that they did not do what we so constantly urged them to do—keep always in store a million rifles beyond those...

We feel that we can no longer keep silence about

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the attacks which have been made in a certain section of the Unionist Press upon Lord Haldane. In our opinion, these attacks are most unfair. We have plenty of criticisms to...

The Morning Post of Wednesday published from a corre- spondent

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a brief sketch of the precautions taken by the North to starve out the Confederacy in the American Civil War. In his declaration proclaiming a blockade of the South Lincoln said...

We must add a word of special condemnation for those

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foolish and unjust persons who seem to think that Lord Haldane must be an enemy of his country because he loves German literature, and admires the splendid devotion of the...

Not only did he lay the plane for the Expeditionary

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Force and improve our mobilization system beyond all knowledge, but his creation of the Territorial Force and of the Territorial Associations unquestionably doubled the value of...

Bank Bate, 5 per cent., changed from 6 per cant.

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Aug. 8th.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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HIGH PRICES AND QUACK REMEDIES. W E sincerely hope that the Government are not going to do anything foolish in regard to the rise in the prices of corn and other foodstuffs. We...

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PRACTICAL PROPOSALS.

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"UT, after all, something has got to be done about ...13 these high prices ; what do you propose ? " B3 will, we are sure, persist the practical man. Well, the appeal is not...

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A "SPIRITLESS AND SELFISH NEUTRALITY."

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M ANY of our American friends, and also many of our English readers, have been perturbed and alarmed by the articles which we have published in our recent. issues upon the...

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THE GERMAN SUBMARINE POLICY.

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rilHE Germans are evidently doing what they can towards 1 carrying out Grand Admiral von Tirpitz's threat of paralysing British trade by submarine attacks on merchant- men. They...

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THE DUTY OF CRITICISM.

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T HE brief interchange of views which took place in the two Houses of Parliament on Tuesday very clearly defined the limits which the country expects the Opposition to place...

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SUGGESTIONS OP RELIGIOUS REVIVAL. [Communrceeen.]

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T WO interesting articles appear in the current number of the Hibberf Journal bearing upon the present revival of religious preoccupation in Europe. One is called "The...

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BANDS FOR. THE MILLION.

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t S Mr. Kipling said at the Mansion House last week, the 11 New Armies were born in silence, but that is no reason why they should walk in silence for the rest of their lives....

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CORRESPONDENCE.

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NAPOLEON AND MOLTKE. IT0 Ma EDITOR 01 SMORMOR.'l 11,—The systematic study of history based upon the methodical examination of evidence has revealed no more re- markable...

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action of the Social Democrats in the Reichstag in having

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forsworn their solemn pledges to their constituents by approving the war credits at the bidding of the Imperial Chancellor. Our propaganda in Germany is necessarily difficult...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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CENTRAL ASSOCIATION OF VOLUNTEER TRAINING CORPS. ITo vas EDITOR OF TOM "SrErmoe."1 SIR,—The Central Association of Volunteer Training Corps is under a very great obligation...

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SILVER BULLETS.

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fro TEE Smree or sec "Srscr■ros."1 Silt,—The Chancellor of the Exchequer has told us lately that the issue of the war will depend largely upon the "silver bullet" and the...

A GREAT DANGER.

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[To rss Rams or 'us SPiCTAT011.1 Sva,—Although a week has elapsed since the publication of your issue of January I ask permission to express my profound dissent from the...

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GERMAN "FRIGHTFULNESS." [To TEE EDITOR or THE " SPEOTATOR!') Siu, — The

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widespread German argument in favour of their mode of warfare is that war is war, and of necessity must be frightful. This seems to be unanswerable as an argument, yet the...

[To TEE EDITOR or rez "SrIX - 1,708."] Sfit, — I am an American

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citizen, but of English birth. I ant not, however, speaking no much on my own behalf as repeat- ing to you that which I hear on all sides from native-born Americans of the...

GERMAN-AMERICAN "NEUTRALITY."

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[To THE E➢rrOS or THE " SPECTATOR."1 Sra,—Mr. Bartholdt, who is mentioned in the Times as the presiding officer of a "so-called Neutrality League" which held a meeting in...

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THE LABOUR PARTY AND "DEAR FOOD.' pro ma Emma or

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TEE "SrecTrroe:q Sin,—The walls of our Midland and Northern towns are placarded with a protest of Trade Unionists against dear food. There are two ways in which Trade...

REPRISALS.

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[To WC Emma or rat -srscrows."] Sia,—As one of the instigators of drastic action against German unchivalrous conduct in warfare, I think my fellow. culprits will join with me...

WHAT CONSTITUTES A STATE?

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[To me Ernes or me "Brecreme.n SIR,—In the notice of Mr. Courtney's Armageddon—and After in the last Spectator the reviewer replies to Mr. Courtney's question, "What...

[To me Roams or me "Srecrame."]

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SIR,—I have read your article entitled "Reprisals" with great interest. I agree with you in condemning reprisals properly so called. But is there not a clear distinction...

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SOLDIERS' DEPENDANTS.

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[To Tea Eonos or woo "Srsomoo."] Sia,—A general meeting of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Families Association was held last week in the Caxton Hall. The summons to the members of...

IMPOVERISHED SWITZERLAND.

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[To THE EDITOR 07 ens "SFEDTATOR."J Sia,—It is a pleasure to know that Mr. H. Stuart Thompson agrees with your opinion (which so correctly expressed the intention of my...

THE "SPECTATOR" HOME GUARDS FUND.... [To THE EDITOR nv THE

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SPECTATOR."] SIR,—The writer, though a subscriber and supporter of over a quarter of a century, is not sending a subscription to the above Fund for the following reason. He...

PLATO ON ARMY PENSIONS.

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Lye run EDITOR or THY . 81 3 277.1.706."1 Sat,—In the Platonic dialogue called the " Menexenus" those who have died fighting for their country are made to address her as...

" AINSLIE GORE ": FACT OR FICTION P

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pro ens EDITOR or Tor ••Srver■voo. - 1 SIR, —The reviewer of the above book in the Spectator of January 30th seems to assume that it is a genuine biography of a real...

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THE BELGIAN SOLDIERS FUND.

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[To sus Eorros or ens “Sincrsroa. - ] Sin,—We should be very grateful if you would kindly assist our work by allowing the enclosed appeal to appear in your paper. Our work...

POETRY.

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IN LAST YEAR'S CAMP. THEY stole the gorse's glory, they scared the foals at play, They yearned for Tipperary on every woodland way ; Their tent peaks pricked the dawning, their...

:MR, LOCH OF THE CHARITY ORGANIZATION

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SOCIETY. [To ma EDITOR or ens n SETOTAS011.1 Stk,—I rejoice to see in your correspondence columns some proof that there is a desire to recognize the services of Mr. Loch....

BOOKS.

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AMERICA AND THE WORLD WAR.* We have dealt in our leading columns with certain aspects of Mr. Roosevelt's striking book. Here we wish to note his vigorous condemnation of the...

`THE CENTRAL ASSOCIATION OF VOLUNTEER TRAINING CORPS.

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PRESIDENT: LORD DESBOROUGH. How. Sassari-Br PERCY A. HARRIS, Esq. Haan OFFICES: Judges' Quadrangle, Royal Courts of Justice (Carey Street entrance). The aims and objects of...

THE " SPECTATOR " HOME GUARDS FUND.

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Svmscarrnons for this Fund should be sent to the 1Srpectator Office, or direct to Messrs. Barclay and Co., Goslings' Branch, 19 Fleet Street, London, E.C. Cheques `should be...

tiOTICE.—When "Correspondence " or Articles are signed with The writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked ' "Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily he held to be in • agreement with the Mews therein repressed or with the...

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THE TRUE ULYSSES S. GRANT.•

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THE title of General King's book suggests that the trail about the man who finally defeated the Confederacy in the field has hitherto been withheld. Yet probably General King...

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THE ENGLISH ESSAY AND ESSAYISTS.* . Dn. HUGH WALKER, who

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holds the Chair of English Literature at St. David's College, Lampeter, is greatly to be congratulated on his contribution to Messrs. Dent's " Channels of English Literature"...

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A GOVERNESS IN GERMANY.*

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THE revelations of ex-governesses provide quite a large part of the modern literature of light memoirs which is so popular at the circulating libraries to - day. We remember...

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THE MAGAZINES.

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In the Nineteenth Century Sir Thomas Barclay writes on the violation of the neutrality of Belgium, emphasizing the points that not only did Germany never denounce the Treaties...

MILITARY RIFLE SHOOTING.°

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THE most serious problem which confronts those who are engaged in training our New Armies is unquestionably that of shooting. Drill and marching are important; trench - digging...

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FICTION.

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BILLIE'S MOTHER,• Teen tendency of a good many modern novelists is to subject a realistic plot to arbitrary, artificial, or melodramatic treat- anent. Mrs. Shrine has adopted...

Economic Cycles : their Law and Cause, by Henry Ludwell

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Moore (Macmillan and Co., 8s. 6d. net), discusses, as its title suggests, those large rhythmic economic changes which have long puzzled economists. The author, who holds the...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Igolics in this column does not uccmasily preduat subsequent review.] Is logic concerned with the general forms of all valid reasoning? Does logic, that is to say, enunciate...

A People's Man. By E. Phillips Oppenbeire. (Methuen and Co.

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6s.)—The central idea of A People's Man is that which inspired Mr. Galaworthy's last play—the conflict between intellect and passion, between the study of economics and the...

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The history of China is not easily accessible except upon

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a very elaborate scale. Dr. Herbert H. Gowen's Outline History of China in two volumes (T. Werner Laurie, 10s. net) should therefore prove useful. The first volume takes the...

BOOKS OF REFERENCE.—We have received a copy of that most

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useful work, Walford's County Families (Spottiswoode and Co., £2 100.), which has now arrived at its fifty-fifth year of publication.—There has also reached us a new edition...

NEW EDITIONS.—We are glad to notice a second edition of

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Mr. Alfred E. Zimmern's The Greek Commonwealth (Clarendon Press, Ss. 6d. net).—A new edition has appeared of Staunton's Chess-Player's Handbook (G. Bell and Sons, 68. net)....

Mr. Will Dyson's work as a cartoonist first became popular

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in the Socialist paper, the Daily Herald, now published weekly as the Herald. He has lately been sharpening his pencil into a sword, and instead of Cosmopolitan Capitalism be...

The "Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges " is now

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almost completed by the appearance of an excellent edition of Leviticus (Cambridge University Press, 35. net), begun by the late Rev. A. T. Chapman and completed by Dr. A. W....

As Lord Northbrook observes in his preface to Agriculture :

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Theoretical and Practical (Crosby Lockwood and Son, 6s. net), there is still room for a trustworthy text-book on mixed farm- ing. The authors of this work are well-known experts...

The North-Eastern Railway has the reputation of being one of

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the most efficiently managed of our great trunk lines. It has, moreover, a long tradition behind it, since the Stockton and Darlington line was one of the elements out of which...

The problems of the nature and causation of sex are

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among the most doubtful which confront biologists. Dr. L. Doncaster in his new volume on The Determination of Sex (Cambridge University Press, 7s. 6d. net) does not profess to...

A number of obscure passages from the works of Shakespeare

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are discussed by Mr. Charles D. Stewart in SOME Textual Difficulties in Shakespeare (Humphrey Milford, for the Yale University Press, 6s. net). Those who have studied the...