25 AUGUST 1900

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Shanghai is obtaining unusual protection from the jealousies of the

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Powers. All Europe suspects that Great Britain, which is fully occupied elsewhere, is about to strike some grand but undefined coup for predominance in the Yangtse Valley. They...

Though Pekin has been taken, it is by no means

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certain that it will be quietly held ; while the American General Chaffee reports that both in the city and on the road to Tientsin there will be "further fighting," which means...

All the Ambassadors except the German and apparently all the

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women and children were found alive, but nothing is said of their condition except that they were "emaciated." The American Minister, however, reports that the Chinese Govern-...

We pointed out a month ago with some care that

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the Empress, if she found she could not arrest the march of the Allies, would transfer the seat of Government to Segan, in Shensi, the ancient capital. As this movement would be...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE Allies are in possession of Pekin; the Legations have been relieved; and the Empress-Regent has fled; that is the authentic news of the week. But though the news from Pekin...

* The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

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Dr. Clark's letter to President Kruger, dated Novem- ber 14th,

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1899, is not a very important document, except in three respects. It shows that Mr. Chamberlain by no means took np a non possumus attitude in regard to the arbitration...

The seventieth birthday of the Emperor Francis Joseph was celebrated

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on the 18th inst. throughout his eighteen States with a unanimity which speaks strongly for the unity of the Hapsburg Dominion. Every city illuminated splen- didly, and the rich...

The letters addressed by Mr. Labouchere to Mr. Montagu White,

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the Consul of the Transvaal Government, are not of any great importance per se, but they show a vindictiveness towards Mr. Chamberlain which deserves the condemnation of honest...

The Dutch believe, perhaps rightly, that the failure of the

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house of Orange would be the signal for an attack on their independence. They are, therefore, almost morbidly anxious that the young Queen, who is the last of her great race,...

The only other items of war news of moment are

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the conviction of Cordna and Lord Roberts's last proclamation. Cordna was found guilty by the Military Tribunal which tried him, but sentence was deferred for the approval of...

On Friday was published a Blue-book containing the letters from

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Members of Parliament and others found at Bloemfontein. Though not nearly so sensational as was supposed, they are of very considerable interest and import- ance,—especially the...

The news from South Africa continues unsensational, but for all

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that there is real progress. The chief item of importance is that De Wet, though not caught, has been headed off from the region north-east of Pretoria, where he hoped to join...

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On Wednesday the second reading of the Treason Bill in

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the Cape Parliament was carried by a majority of 10 in a crowded house, which may be regarded in all probability as decisive for the ultimate success of Mr. Rose-Innes's...

Mr. Winston Churchill, speaking at Plymouth on Friday week, dealt

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with the subject of Army Reform in a spirit of temperate and well-informed criticism. He disclaimed the authority of an expert, but " he knew enough to say that there were very...

We believe this to be in essence a perfectly true

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statement of what occurred, but, of course, the diplomatic forms were most strictly observed. All that actually happened was that the question was unofficially raised whether it...

The Times of last Saturday contains a most striking account

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by Sir Martin Conway of a Central American revolu- tion. "A revolution is our substitute for cricket," a Colum- bian gentleman said to him ; "our young men must have their...

In Tuesday's Daily Mail Mr. Julian Ralph gives a memorable

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account of the way in which Russia led the way in trying to get up the coalition which was to forbid America to go to war with Spain, just as a coalition the year before had...

Monday's Times contains a very able letter from the Bishop

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of Winchester addressed to Lord Portsmouth in re- gard to an appeal for £20,000, beaded "Protestantism before Politics," and signed among others by Lord Portsmouth. In dealing...

Bank Rate, 4 per cent.

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New Consols (2D were on Friday 981.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE CAPTURE OF PEKIN. A FFAIRS in China are going, except upon one point, much as we ventured to anticipate. We had ex- pected that the Chinese, who are not cowards and who have...

THE TALK OF A FRENCH INVASION.

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W E do not agree with the alarmist writers in the Press who think that we are in danger of being invaded by the French in November. We do not, that is, in the least believe in...

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THE INTERNATIONAL PAGEANT IN CHINA.

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I T is always vain to speculate as to the future purposes of Providence in arranging the destinies of the nations. Mau does not know them, and if he did, would usually be...

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THE TRAINING OF THE BRITISH ARMY. T HE speech made by

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Lord Wolseley to the officers of the troops now stationed at Aldershot after their abortive field-day was an excellent beginning, and we hope it may be repeated when needed in...

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COAL AND ELECTRICITY. T HE Daily Mail of Tuesday gave an

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account of a new electrical discovery which promises, if all that is claimed for it proves true, to have consequences of extra- ordinary importance. It is rather, indeed, a...

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DEPRESSIVE CEREMONIALS.

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T HE Americans have succeeded in doing what we should have thought impossible,—they have spread the impres- sion of a funeral service at one and the same indivisible point of...

THE FIRST PRINCIPLES OF NESCIENCE.

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O UR British incapacity for philosophy was markedly shown upwards of a generation ago by the reception given to the late Dean Mansel's speculations as to the Absolute and...

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CANVEY ISLAND.

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A RECENT writer on the art of reclaiming land from the sea gives 240 per acre as the cost of making " warp " land. Warping is the art of stealing land from the waters....

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CORRESPONDENCE.

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COLONIAL TIES AND SOCIAL FRICTION. [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] Sin,—No question is fraught with more dangers and pitfalls for the unwary writer than that of manners,...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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OUR MEDICAL DEPARTMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA. (To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."1 SIE,—As a constant reader of the Spectator, I was much distressed to read in your issue of August...

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INTELLIGENCE DEPARTMENTS.

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[TO THE EDITOR OR THE "SPECTATOR.") SIE,-NO one familiar with the inside of our public offices will be likely to quarrel with the spirit of your most useful article in the...

[TO THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."]

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Sin,—Having just returned from South Africa after an attack of enteric fever, and having had some experience of the hospitals out there, I should be pleased if you can find...

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—In connection with your

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article on " The Ornithology of Tennyson" in the Spectator of August 18th, I am not aware whether• the following anecdote has been published. It was told to me by the late John...

THE FUTURE EMPLOYMENT OF OUR DISABLED AND DISCHARGED SOLDIERS.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—Through the medium of your columns I would beg to place before the public a proposal which has been well recom- mended from influential...

THE ORNITHOLOGY OF TENNYSON.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR, — Your contributor in the Spectator of August 18th is, of course, aware that Tennyson substituted " fly " for " bee" in the verse :— "...

RIFLE CLUBS.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR, — I have been very much interested by reading the long correspondence which has taken place in the Spectator con- cerning the proposed...

UNOCCUPIED COAST.

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[TD THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—Your interesting article on this subject in the Spectator of July 21st, and the casual mention of the stretch from Bognor to Selsey...

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.")

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Sin,—Being much interested in the correspondence now going on in the Spectator about rifle clubs and cyclist riflemen, I venture to say a few words in favour of short ranges...

THE SURRENDER OF MASON AND SLIDELL.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THY "SPECTATOR.") Sin,—The discussion in the Spectator of the credit for the preservation of peace at the Mason and Slidell crisis, which I led off in...

COPYRIGHT.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. ") Sra,—Mr. Oswald St. Clair's letter (Spectator, August 18th) leads me to believe that some of your readers will be interested to learn what...

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PROTESTANTS IN SOUTH AMERICA.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR:1 Sra,—A Committee was appointed in Chicago, April 2nd, 1894, to direct a movement to secure for Protestants in the Republics of Peru, Ecuador,...

SWALLOWS.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR.—I wonder whether your readers generally who live in the country have this year observed a great diminution in the number of...

A COBDEN-CLUBBITE NOTION OF " FAILURE."

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. " ] Sra,—A letter from the Secretary of the Cobden Club has appeared broadcast in the Press, including the Spectator of August 18th, in which...

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BOOKS.

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MR. FIRTH'S "CROMWELL."* MR. FIRTH'S short Life of Cromwell is a most welcome addi- tion to historical literature. A short Life of the Protector which should give a true...

POETRY.

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OESCHENEN. You should have stay'd, and stay'd alone, Beneath those shadows of the pines, Until the golden day was done : Then, that lone lake looks up, and shines With such a...

MINISTERS' RELATIONS AND GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS.

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[TO THE EDITOR Or THE "SPECTATOR. "] Sin,—There are three degrees of honesty. First, a man " does nothing dishonest," avails himself of a " pull" when he can get one, and...

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PARIS.*

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IT is a fascinating idea to write the life of a city, and Paris, more than most cities, lends herself to the purposes of a picturesque biography. Mr. Belloc's chief point, to...

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AMERICA'S WORKING PEOPLE.*

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IF, as we gather to be the case, the chapters of this volume have appeared in the pages of the American paper, the Outlook, they count greatly to the credit of Transatlantic...

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A GROUP OF CHINESE BOOKS.*

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Miss SCIDMORE is an American lady who, having previously travelled much in Japan and the Archipelago, made a journey through the chief cities of China and attempted to see some....

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NOVELS OF THE WEEK.* IN attempting a criticism of "Lucas

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Malet's " new novel, The Gateless Barrier, it behoves the diffident critic to walk as deli- cately as Agag. For, as is implied in the prefatory quotation from the works of Mr....

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AN OXFORD POET.

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The Choice of Achilles, and other Poems. By Arthur Gray Butler. (Henry Frowde. 2s. 6d.)—In this slim vellum-bound book Mr. Butler has collected from our own columns and else-...

CURRENT LITERATURE.

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THE ANGLO-AMERICAN. The Anglo - American Magazine. July, 1900. (The Anglo-Ameri- can Publishing Company, New York. 25 cents.)—This magazine is "published monthly in the...

EUROPEAN TRAVEL FOR WOMEN.

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European Travel for Women. By Mary Cadwalader Jones. (Macmillan and Co. 4s. 6d.)—Reading this book makes one long to set out on a journey. It is not a guide-book in the ordinary...

THE NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW.

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The North American Review for July is chiefly composed of theories about China. No less than seven articles deal with the different aspects of this most urgent question of the...

MORE COLONIAL HOMESTEADS.

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More Colonial Homesteads and their Stories. By Marion Harland. (G. P. Putnam's Sons. 12s. 6d.)—There is a great deal of very pleasant reading in this book. Miss Harland knows...

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All the World's Fighting Ships. By F. T. Jane. Illustrated.

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(Sampson Low, Marston, and Co. 12s. 6d. net.)—This cosmopolitan guide to warships is certainly a most compact and concentrated collection of essential figures relating to the...

THEOLOGY. — Oxford Conferences, Hilary Term, 1900. By Father Raphael M. Moss.

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(Began Paul, Trench, and Co. ls. 6d. net.) —" Conferences," it must be understood, is used in the technical sense of " Lectures," the speaker contributing the doctrine and the...

Sketches of Lowly Life in a Great City. By M.

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A. Woolf. (G. P. Putnam's Sons. 7s. 6d.)—Mr. Joseph Henius in his introduction says that the pictures in this book have been chiefly collected from Life and Judge. The sketches...

We have received Part XIII. of A Picturesque History of

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York- shire, by J. S. Fletcher (J. M. Dent and Co., Is. net). It contains " The Lower Derwent," in four chapters (48-51), and the opening part of " The Upper Derwent," as...

Proceedings of the Royal Colonial Imtilute. Edited by the Secretary.

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Vol. XXXI., 1899-1900. (The Institute, Northumber- land Avenue.)—There are always a number of interesting 1.apers in these volumes, most of thorn being of a kind which the...

Over the Alps on a Bicycle. By Elizabeth Robins Pennell.

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Illustrated by Joseph Pennell. (T. Fisher Unwin. ls.)—Mrs. Pennell's achievement of crossing nine Alpine passes on a bicycle . does not seem altogether an enviable one. She says...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Under this heading we notice such Books of the week as hare not been reserved for review in other forms.] Golden Deeds of the War. By Alfred Thomas Story. (G. Newnes. 6s.)—Mr....

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ScuooL - Boons. — The Technical School French GramMar, by Dr. W. Krisch (J.

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Murray, 2s. 6d.), specially meant for technical schools, but capable of being used elsewhere.—Elementary Physics and Chemistry : Second Stage. By R. A. Gregory and A. T....

MISCELLANEOUS.—Pedigres Work, by W. P. W. Phillimore, M.A. (Phillimore and

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Co., Is. net), is " a handbook for the genealogist," putting in a briefer and simpler form some of the hints and in- structions given in the author's "How to Write the History...