The treatment of the Polish population under the German administration is a warning to other nations of the fate that awaits them if they fall under Nazi rule. The con- querors...

the last week has I been in the south-east, in the region north and south-west of Lake Ladoga. Here the Russian lines of communications are comparatively short, and it is...

The activities of German troops in Galicia, in the southern area of Soviet-occupied Poland, have been the subject of much speculation. The fact that many trainloads of troops...

If Dr. Goebbels had written a speech for General Hertzog and wirelessed it to him at Cape Town he could not have improved on the utterance of which the ex-Premier delivered...

Whatever may be the specific economic purpose of the German forces and technicians in Galicia, it is perfectly clear that their presence has military and political signifi-...

Sir John Simon's proposals for meeting the needs of old-age pensioners will do something to alleviate present hardships by methods involving the minimum of concession on the...

The debate on road safety in the House of Commons on Tuesday produced no tangible results except the announce- ment of a twenty-mile speed-limit in built-up areas after dark and...

The prospects for an agreed settlement in India are con- siderably improved by the approval of the Viceroy's recent Bombay speech expressed by Mr. Gandhi. What Lord Linlithgow...

Attention is quite rightly being called to the Government's treatment of the retail motor trade, which has 16,000 garages or repairing shops distributed over the country. Mr. A....

In the Lower House of Convocation of Canterbury this week Canon R. E. Roberts called attention to the " enormous disparity " in the incomes of the clergy. He pointed out that if...

Mr. Chamberlain makes any more major changes in the personnel of his Government. But there is a good deal of speculation as to the possibility of a re-shuffle among the junior...

all of us were unselfish and behaved with real care there would be very few road accidents." This contribution to modern thought fell from Captain Euan Wallace during the debate...

Twelve of the camps whose construction by the National Camps Corporation was authorised last May have for some time been ready for occupation, and the remainder, making 31 in...

Our Parliamentary Correspondent writes: Sir John Simon can scarcely have supposed that his announcement on old age pensions would be received with universal enthusiasm, so...

T HE speech broadcast by Mr. Churchill last Satur- day, and the reactions in Japan against the removal by the Royal Navy of a score of Germans of military age from a Japanese...

W HEN a state of war was declared last September there were some people in this country who heaved a sigh of relief—not, Heaven knows, because they desired war, but because...

United States tends, or tended till recently, to be academic finds a good deal of support in Senator Borah's record, for it is a strange anomaly that the Senate Foreign Affairs...

led it to report to the extent of two columns the address which the new British Ambassador in Paris, Sir Ronald Campbell, gave a week ago at the American Club in the French...

to start for Finland this week-end. The first detachment should be just beginning its work for the wounded on the spot. The personnel numbers about fifty in all, with full...

one odd, but quite unimportant, little slip, which no reports I have seen in the daily papers reproduce. Referring to the Grenville touch in the River Plate battle the Foreign...

I T is not a bad thing to be reminded now and then that the one element of which account always has to be taken in war is chance. The story of the German aeroplane that came...

are over-optimistic and unreliable, and that the full truth about encounters with the enemy ought to be told, is, I believe, quite unjustified. I myself made full enquiry on...

By STRATEGICUS W HILE fighting on the main front remains that of out- posts, and manoeuvres on the flanks are of doubtful meaning, it is serviceable to consider what is the...

By ERWIN D. CANHAM W ITH the re-convening of Congress, American opinion has turned back to domestic problems. Though the President appealed in his annual message for " national...

By THE DEAN OF CHICHESTER (the Very Rev. A. S. Duncan-Jones) T HE assertion that the war in which we are engaged is at bottom a conflict between opposed spiritual conceptions...

By JANET TEISSIER DU CROS W HEN I arrived it was pouring with rain, accompanied by what I took for the rumbling of thunder. The mountains were stifled in clammy white mist, and...

By LORD GORELL [Lord Gorell was in charge of the Army Educational Corps in the Great War] N his speech on January 16th to the House of Commons I the retiring Secretary of State...

By DOROTHY L. SAYERS [Miss Sayers' articles will in future appear not as a weekly series, but at less regular intervals] Paul Delagardie to Lady Peter Wimsey at Talboys....

By LUIGI PIRANDELLO T HE dawn seemed somehow to have paused—to be lingering on the dim window-pane, too fatigued to breathe into the squalid room. Then slowly, like a ghost, it...

Winter Bravery The rigours of the frost have quite overcome the timidities of some of the larger birds, especially rooks and gulls. Gulls assemble, for example, daily in the...

Perhaps the most desirable of all special efforts to increase the supply of food in gardens is the introduction of the dwarf bean for consumption in the dried state. At the...

is scarce. There is or was, one school of vegetarian, so called, who con- demned peas, beans and lentils as not less evil than meat, on the ground of their likeness. The...

The absence of reports on the weather both in newspapers and the B.B.C. has begun to restore to the aged countryman control of his favourite subject. Some while ago, as I...

must first rid the mind of artificial notions about " inde- pendent States." But such notions are not artificial ; they represent the organic growth of thousands of years ; they...

By HAROLD NICOLSON T HERE must be something about frost, and snow in the afternoon, and " those winter dreams when the nights grow longer " which is trying to the temper of...

of Mr. Curry was a trifle too impatient. I ventured to suggest that he had not, in expounding The Case for Federal- Union, paid sufficient attention to difficulties and details....

a great part of his life to the study of educational matters. It would seem also that he takes an amateur interest in diplomacy. I served for twenty years in the diplomatic...

of mind which can best be described as " balanced scepticism." This attitude is not, as some suppose, induced by any arrogance of soul. It is merely that he has lived among so...

admit cuts to the very root of his whole theory. Most Federal Unionists agree that there must be some central Federal Parliament or Council composed of representatives of all...

other walks of life experience is regarded as an asset, in diplomatic matters it is denounced as a liability. There are, I would suggest, three reasons for this misconception....

Federal Unionists to consider their problem inductively as well as deductively, and to examine, for instance, how the produc- tion and consumption of copper would fare under...

• " The Stars Look Down." At the Odeon. — " Escape to Happiness." At the Gaumont. DR. CRONIN'S mining novel has made a very good film—I doubt whether in England we have ever...

THE THEATRE " Follow My Leader." By Terence Rattigan and Anthony Maurice. At the Apollo Theatre. THIS unexacting but intelligent comedy suffers—through no fault of its...

Arts Theatre and Sadler's Wells. THERE is this difference between Russian and English ballet companies: where the one tends to be fissiparous, the other inclines to the...

A FLAT-TOPPED orb of water his, Walled in with light-bright glass ; Wherethrough stares out two jet-black eyes At all that comes to pass. I watch ; he swims : and riddle it is...

Reflections on a Charity Bazaar THAT, as an Academician very justly put it, being what the " United Artists' Exhibition " is, good manners have natu- rally forbidden...

enlightening statements from its members or sympa- thisers, but none more typical of their mentality than that of the correspondent in your issue of January 19th, who hails from...

is no more pro-German than pro-English, it is pro-working class," writes Mr. Muntz. What he means by pro-working class I have no idea, since I know of no working class,...

[Correspondents are requested to keep their letters as brief as is reasonably possible. Signed letters are given a preference over those bearing a pseudonym, and the latter must...

Sm,—Mr. Harold Nicolson, in his article of January rzth, certainly gave Federal Unionists very useful and searching questions. The great disappointment of the League of Nations...

classes " who has reached the age of twenty without having been a Communist, or having thought of being a Communist, or even having said : " Well, but look here, don't you think...

SIR, —In his " Letter to Gandhi," Dr. Shahani speaks of Indians as a pacific people. This is a common error, due to over- emphasis on Jain and Buddhist teaching, and the...

Sta,—Your paragraph concerning the " Record Road Carnage " ends with a recommendation that the carnage should be miti- gated by compelling pedestrians to carry torches in the...

Snt,—May I, as a young man who will become liable for military service in the course of the year, express my apprecia- tion of Mr. R. A. Lawrie's letter in your issue of January...

Sgt,—I note with much interest an article by a French diplomat on France's war aims in the January tzth issue of The Spectator, for it contains news of an extraordinary...

Sgt,—May I ask the hospitality of your columns to make an appeal to British subjects who have a knowledge of certain of the lesser-known foreign languages, and who are willing...

for the reconstitution of the world," I should have liked to see, in so vehement an advocate of Federal Union, the capacity to explain the commonplaces of international living....

note that your correspondents accept the article " The Rest of Our Lives " in a recent issue with equanimity. The writer of this article would no doubt lay no claim to gifts of...

" in your issue of January 19th, will you allow me to suggest that the trouble arises from the fact that, however carefully a motorist drives, he cannot under the present light-...

he says: " . . is as incomprehensible as the author's popularity. . . ." I cannot follow the reasoning. SurelY Mr. Jacobs's work is popular for all the best possible reasons....

Snt,—Mr. Bernard Shaw once remarked that the best way to elicit the truth of a subject was to argue it with reckless bias for and against. Mr. Geo. Jackson will perhaps bear...

The validity of the Commandments, as far as Christians are concerned, has nothing whatever to do with anyone's views about the Old Testament. It depends not on when or where or...

SIR,—I have carefully re-read Mr. Alfred Noyes's Orchard's Bay after the warm defence of the book by Mr. Charles Tennyson, and although my opinion of its literary valu, remains...

Snt,—Dr. Bevan's letter is at pains to demolish a molehill which has not yet been thrown up. No pacifist, arguing against war from the command " Thou shalt not kill " does so on...

the best essays or stories written in words of one syllable on one of the following sub- jects: (a) a day at the seaside ; (b) a day in Paris; (c) a day at the races ; (d) a day...

Chamberlain ceasing for any reason to be Prime Minister, whom would you prefer to see as his successor? Competitors are invited to answer this question, and to give reasons for...

IN this work Dr. Garnett seeks to provide the theory of education with a psychological foundation, that is, to describe in the light of experimental psychology how knowledge and...

Italy in Africa Fourth Shore : Italy's Mass Colonisation of Libya. By Martin Moore. (Routledge. 125. 6d.) How pleasant to know Mr. Steer, and to be transported out of the chill...

Neville Chamberlain, Man of. Peace. By Derek Walker - Smith. (Hale. 15s.) WITH the best intentions in the world, Mr. Walker-Smith has done the Prime Minister a singularly ill...

Testament of Friendship : The Story of Winifred Holtby. By Vera Brittain. (Macmillan. ms. 6d.) IT is a dangerous thing to write the biography of one's most intimate friend. To...

There's Rosemary, There's Rue. By Winifred Fortescue. (Blackwood. I25. 6d.) Charles' Gift. By Hulbert Footner. (Faber and Faber. los. 6d.) Bowler Hat. By R. H. Mottram....

The Fall. By Hugh Kingsmill. (Methuen. 8s. 3d.) IT is unreasonable to expect every batch of novels reviewed to include at least one of outstanding merit ; the most that can be...

notify THE SPECTATOR office BEFORE MIDDAY on MONDAY OF EACH WEEK. The name, the previous address to which the paper has been sent and receipt reference number should be quoted.

L. Higgins. (Harrap. los. 6d.) A MOST excellent idea has gone • to the making of this compilation: No decade . in history has produced such an incredible mass of literature as...

Edward Clarke. (Thornton Butterworth. r8s.) IT was not easy to write the biography of Sir Edward Clarke while Sir William Gordon-Cumming was still alive. The life which now...

(Peter Davies. r5s.) SIR WILLIAM OUDENDYK'S memoirs of his diplomatic career in the Dutch service from 1874 to 1931 are written in excellent English and reveal an intimate know-...

Welsh Life in the Eighteenth Century. By Sir Leonard Twiston Davies and Averyl Bowards. (Country Life. I55.) , WALES in the eighteenth century (when scraps of Norman- French...

a garden beside a mill in a Berkshire village and he has filled it with plants collected in Provence, Northern Spain, Teneriffe, Savoy, Iceland and other places. By turns he...

SINCE the decease of The Criterion and The London Mercutt, this country, unique in this respect among the major States of Europe, has lacked a literary magazine of any...

In sharp contrast with the buoyancy of London markets, Wall Street's recent performance looks sadly disappointing. Prices, it is true, are higher, on an average, than when war...

By CUSTOS IT is now becoming apparent that the Treasury riot only holds the trump cards in the gilt-edged market but knows when and how to play them. Here was £350,000,000 of...

be given to the sender of the first correct solution of this week's crossword puzzle to be opened. Envelopes should be marked " Crossword Puzzle," and should be received not...

SOLUTION NEXT WEEK The winner of Crossword No. 46 is M. E. Dunstan, Grange Road, Cambridge.

I shall not be surprised to hear that agreement has been reached between the railways and the Government. During the past few days the two sides have come much closer together...

This year's speeches of the bank chairmen will be followed more closely than ever for the light they throw on current problems as well as on the position of the banks...

BRITISH TIN INVESTMENT CORPORATION BENEFITS OF RESTRICTION THE annual general meeting of British Tin Investment Corporation, Limited, was held on January 23rd in London. Mr. E....

Nobody expected that the Imperial Tobacco Company, despite its alert management, would be able to maintain its tax free dividend at the old 25 per cent. rate in present con-...

BARCLAYS BANK, LIMITED RECORD DEPOSITS AND LIQUID POSITION SPENDING AND SAVING THE IMPORTANCE OF EXPORTS MR. EDWIN FISHER'S SPEECH THE forty-fifth ordinary general meeting of...

WILLIAMS DEACON'S BANK, LTD. THE annual meeting of the Shareholders of Williams Deacon's Bank Limited was held on January 25th in the Board Room, Mosley Street, Manchester,...

MARTINS BANK LIQUID POSITION TRADE DEVELOPMENT ESSENTIAL MR. F. A. BATES' REVIEW THE 109th annual general meeting of members of Martins Bank, Limited, was held at the head...

IMPROVED PROSPECTS THE 32nd ordinary general meeting of the United Serdang (Sumatra) Rubber Plantations, Limited, was held on January 25th in London. Mr. H. Eric Miller (the...