21 AUGUST 1920

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British people went into the war with the firm resolve

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that when it was over there should be no more sowing of dragons' teeth. If the dragons' teeth are sown now there will be moil plentiful crops of armed men. Take only ono...

Although the disagreement with France is composed for the moment,

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it must be a superficial settlement so long as the British and French outlooks on the future are entirely different. By instinct rather than by argument Englishmen, as is their...

TO OUR READERS.

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Should our readers experience any difficulty in obtaining the SPECTATOR during the summer holidays from Newsagents or Railway Bookstalls, will they please communicate at once...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE Bolsheviks have been foiled in their attempt to capture Warsaw before they began negotiating with the Poles for an armistice. The Polish forces opened a counter-attack on...

M. Millerand made a significant speech on Sunday during his

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visit to ihe departments ravaged by the Germans. "Differences of opinion undoubtedly exist among the Allies, but that is no reason why there should he any diminution of...

The French Premier on Friday week assured President Wilson that

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the French Government were in entire accord with his Note to Italy, declining absolutely to have any dealings with the Bolshevik despots whose rule was " founded on the negation...

Mr. Lloyd George, replying on Tuesday to M. Kameneff's note,

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pointed out that Great Britain had been solely concerned with the personal safety of General Wrangel's followers in the Crimea, and had had nothing to do with his offensive...

M. Kameneff, the leading Bolshevik envoy in London, invited Mr.

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Lloyd George on Monday to define his attitude towards General Wrangel, as, " owing to the decision of the French Government, the question of a general peace has become bound up...

*** The Editor cannot accept responsibility for any articles or

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letters submitted to him, but when stamped and addressed envelopes are sent he will do his best to return contributions in case of rejection.

NOTICE.

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Owing to the Government having taken over our premises, we have removed to new offices, 13 York Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2, where all communications should be addressed.

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Mr. Boner Law moved the adjournment to October 19th, on

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the understanding that the House might reassemble at any time if the public interest required it. He repudiated the suggestion that the Government's policy towards Poland had...

Lord Robert Cecil forcibly reminded the House that it was

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one thing to distrust the Government and another thing to suggest what was really a form of insurrection. If the Labour Party called a general strike, and the Government...

On Monday the " Council of Action," not content with

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trying to diotate to Great Britain, sent Mr. Adamson and Mr. Gosling to Paris in order to incite French workmen to Direct Action. The French Government courteously permitted...

Mr. Clynes admitted that Mr. Boner Law's speech was re-

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assuring, but expressed suspicion of Mr. Churchill's newspaper articles which, he said, had done most to bring the " Council of Action " into existence. He complained of the...

Mr. J. H. Thomas, in moving a resolution in favour

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of the " Council of Action," explained that the trade unions transferred their executive responsibility, " if need be," to the " Council," and " clearly determined, if the...

When the House of Commons met on Monday, Mr. Lloyd

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George was questioned about the Council of Action." Ho said that the Government's policy in regard to Poland and Russia appeared " to differ in no way " from that expounded at...

Two Greeks of ex-King Constantine's party tried to murder M.

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Venizelos at the Lyons railway station in Paris on Thursday week. The would-be assassins, named Tserapis and Kyrikis, fired on the Premier and hit him twice. Fortunately his...

On Tuesday the " Council of Action " tried to

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minimize the wild threats which its members uttered last year. It announced that it would not call a general strike, but would organize partial strikes, if necessary, to prevent...

Mr. Lloyd George regretted that the League of Nations• was

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being used for party purposes. The Allies were not unanimous about Russia, and the League would be no more in agreement than the Supreme Council. Further, the Bolsheviks would...

The self-appointed " Council of Action " held a conference

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In London on Friday week. Two-thirds of the persona present were trade union delegates ; one-third were Labour Party and trades council delegates. Mr. Adamson, who presided,...

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The Prime Minister has contracted the habit of announcing important

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events to the public when he thinks fit and how he thinks fit. To do this is to treat Parliament with scant respect. We daresay that when recently he used a cryptic phrase about...

The King by proclamation on Tuesday announced that the Prince

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of Wales would postpone his visit to India until the winter of next year. The Prince's long and arduous tour in Australia and New Zealand has overtaxed his strength and rendered...

" You may hate the word Bolshevik,' " Mr. Lansbury

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goes on, " curse the Soviets as you will, but they nevertheless stand four-square for the only principle which will redeem and save mankind. . . . In Moscow thay have dared all,...

In order that our readers may know exactly what Mr.

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Lansbury, the editor of the Daily Herald, hopes may come of the Council of Action, we must quote two or three sentences from an article by him last Saturday. Describing the...

The Prime Minister went on to express his amazement at

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Mr. Clynes's defence of the Council of Action." Mr. Clynes was clearly nbt a democrat nor a constitutionalist. The theory that because we were said to have an unwritten...

Mr. J. H. Thomas said that he had hitherto opposed

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Direct Action, and tried to justify himself for going over to the revolutionaries. If the Bolsheviks were lying in their promises to Poland, " then it is for us not blindly to...

Another comment we wish to make is that it is

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satisfactory that Mr. Lansbury in defending his dealings with the Russian Bolsheviks does not resort to the excuse that, being himself an internationalist, he is morally free to...

Finally, we cannot help pointing out that in accepting help,

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in whatever degree, from Russia to run a newspaper Mr. Lansbury has committed exactly the sin which he is always charging against his Capitalistic opponents in politics. Only...

Curious rumours, for which there seems to have been no

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foundation in fact, were put about at the end of last week that there had been a split among the Ulster Unionists, and that a powerful Unionist deputation was coming to London...

In the House of Commons on Monday Mr. Lloyd George

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emphasized the fact that he would be pleased at any time, subject to the conditions he had repeatedly laid down, to discuss the terms of an Irish- settlement " with any...

Several papers on Thursday published a series of wireless communications

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between Tchiteherin and Litvinoff relating to Russian transactions with Mr. Lansbury of the Daily Herald. We have written on the whole subject elsewhere and need not repeat the...

Bank rate, 7 per cent., changed from 6 per cent.

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Apr. 15, 1920 ; 5 per cent. War Loan was on Thursday, 851; Thursday week, 841; a year ago, 94k.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE REAL ISSUE. I S the will of the majority to be superseded by the will of the minority 2 Are we to remain a free democracy, or are we to substitute for it the dictatorship...

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ACTION SHOULD BE MET BY ACTION.

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W E have dealt in the preceding article with the nature and origin of the issue which the country has to face owing to the formation first of the Council of Action, or Central...

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111E MINERS AGAIN. L AST week the Miners' Conference decided to

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take a ballot on the question of a national strike. If the ballot should go in favour of a strike the mines would cease working some time in September; and as the Con ference...

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RUSSIAN MONEY AND THE " DAILY HERALD." the day on

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which we go to press, we read O N Thursday, in some of the daily newspapers the remarkable disclosures made by the Government about financial trans- actions between the Russian...

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1.1:1E TAWNY OWL.

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TT was a curious noise and made by nothing at all as far M one could see. I had prided myself upon knowing all the woodland sounds well enough to interpret them when heard, but...

" FAKED " STRIKE BALLOTS.

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A FEW days ago a Bill was introduced to Parliament dealing with trade union ballots. The object was to make the strike vote as secret as the Parliamentary franchise. But Labour...

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FINANCE—PUBLIC AND PRIVATE.

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rilh QUESTION OF OUTPUT. [TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPEOTATOlt."3 SIE,—It would be difficult to say whether at the present time the City is disposed to attach the greater import-...

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—Your article "

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The Duke of Northumberland's Charges " is very timely. It should be published and disseminated broad- cast. Most certainly investigation should be made and publicity follow....

ARCHBISHOP MANNIX.

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(To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR, — The very just action of the Government in preventing Archbishop biennia from landing in Ireland leads me to com- ment on some of his...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[Letters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs are often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] BRITISH BOLSHEVISM. (To THE...

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VALUE AND PRICE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF TEE " SPECTLTOR "1 SIR,—With reference to the Karl Mnrxian theories, it seems to me fairly obvious that if we define the " value" of anything to be the value...

GOVERNING AND NOT GOVERNING.

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[To sus EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."I SIR,—In his letter on " Governing and Not Governing " in your issue of August 14th, Mr. P. E. Roberts writes that " men are ceasing to...

DEAR OR CHEAP MONEY?

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(To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR-"I Stn,—Your financial contributor asks for the views of your readers as to whether the dear or the cheap money policy is the better, and I...

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THE PLUMAGE BILL.

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(To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR, — Mr. Rowlands's letter is typical of the methods pursued by the plumage trade. He fastens upon a verbal slip—it cannot but be obvious...

AMRITS AR.

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[To THE EDITOR or TES " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—I hope that you will permit me to thank Lord Sydenhara for his very illuminating reply to my letter of the 7th inst.. and also Mr...

THE POLICY OF THE PLOUGH.

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(To TUE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR, —If as a practical farmer I may be allowed to say so, I certainly agree with the critics of Sir White-Black's trading account. Quite...

THE CHINESE ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENTS AT POTSDAM.

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ITo THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR, —I may be allowed, perhaps, to add a few words to the letter which you kindly inserted in the Spectator of July 17th. Firstly, I...

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THE WINE-BIBBER'S APOLOGY.

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(To THE EDITOR OF ME " SPECTATOR.") Sm,—" Pure water is the best of gifts," &c., Mr. Walter A. Smith writes, is to be found in Songs and Verses, by Lord /sleeves. I have the...

A RALLY OF SPIRITUAL FORCES. (To THE EDITOR OF THE

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" SPECTATOR."] Sre,—Owing to its coincidence with the Polish crisis and the arrival of Dr. Men - nix, the remarkable appeal of the Primate for a reunion of all Christian...

LADY BURGHCLERE'S PRISONERS FUND. (To ellS EDITOR or THE "

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SPECTATOR.") 131B,—My fund for prisoners of war—Lady Burghclere'e Prisoners of War Fund—having now been finally wound up, the Committee desire to submit the following abstract...

WAR GRAVES IN FRANCE. (TO THE EDITOR Or THE "

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SPECTATOR."] Sm,—Now that some of the military oemeteries in France have been reduced to order the question as to the mode of treating them assumes a new aspect. The cemetery...

FRANCIS Q1JARLES.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") Sue — May I point out that in his striking letter on " Trade Union Tyranny " in your issue of August 7th Captain Baird misquotes Francis...

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BOOKS.

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A THEORY OF LIFE AND ETHICS.* THE outlook of philosophers (one may not say their desires,. for under much more difficult ciroumatanoes they must attempt to maintain the...

NOTICE.—When " Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's

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name or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Comm•unicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the...

POETRY.

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THE PAVEMENT ARTIST. CT.b.is artist, who was distinguished by the seepe and freedom of his work, enlisted in the Army in 1914, and has not since returned to his usual place.]...

[Agreeable political cynicism. It is acted with unusual point and

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polish.] CarreitioN.—Lord Richard in the Pantry 8.80-2.80 [Miss Connie Ediss's convincing portrait of a certain typo of cook.] H.AYMARKET.—Mary R088 • . • . 8.110-2.80...

*pertator

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TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Inoluding postage to any part of the Yearly. United Kingdom .. Z2 1 OVERSEAS POSTAGE. Including postage to any of the British Dominions and Coionie3 and...

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A PROPOSED CONSTITUTION FOR A SOCIALISTIC STATE.*

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Ma. AND MRS. SIDNEY WEBB are perhaps our most industrious researchers among economic materials. Their industry is indeed tremendous. We wish we could feel that this industry was...

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ERASMUS AND LUTHER.*

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THE contrast between Erasmus and Luther, between the would- be reformer of the Roman Catholic Church and the revolu- tionary founder of the Protestant Church, has been a matter...

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A CRIMEAN VETERAN.* THERE cannot be many survivors of the

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campaign in the Crimea. Few of them, at any rate, could produce so coherent and readable a book of reminiscences as Sir Archibald Anson has published at the age of ninety-four....

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SPACE, TIME, AND DEITY.* THESE two volumes contain a complete

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treatise on philosophy, subtly and carefully elaborated by a master of metaphysics, for the consideration of professional students of the subject. It would therefore be out of...

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FICTION.

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SIR HARRY.t MR. Aacnrsatu alinsnaaa has written many genial and kindly stories in which he has introduced us to a number of people • Gawbetta. ny Paul De - :■-linnel. London :...

READABLE NOVELS.—Four Blind Mice. By Cecil Champain Loomis. (John Lane.

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7s. net.)--A story of life in Burma. The murder of a Eurasian woman by natives complicates the domestic relations of two married couples, of whom one is purely English and the...

POETS AND POETRY.

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BETWEEN CUP AND LIP.* Mn. ARKWEIGHT'S poems in rhymed free rhythm leave the impression of being set to an intricate measure. This, surely, is as it should be, for in the " near...

GAMBETTA.*

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' WHATEVER may be said in disparagement of the brilliant Meridional, Leon Gambetta, it will hardly be questioned that his career furnished the most conspicuous political...

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Darkwater Voices from within the Veil. By W. E. Burghardt

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Du Bois. (Constable. 10s. 6d. net).—This very able and pathetic book is the protest of a highly educated American negro against the colour-line not only in his own country, but...

The Seventh Manchesters. By Captain S. J. Wilson, 11.C.

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(Manchester University Press and Longmans. 63,,,3110— Colonel Hurst wrote the history of his battalion's experiences in the Sudan and at Gallipoli. Captain Wilson continues the...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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Indies in this edema does not sucmarlis r preclude tuba test review.] The Diary of a Sportsman Naturalist in India. By E. P. Stebbing. (Lane. 21s. net.)—Mr. Stebbing, well known...

Discovery in Greek Lands. By F. H. Marshall. (Cambridge University

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Press. 88. 6d. net.)—Mr. Marshall has written an attractive sketch of the chief results attained by excavations in Greater Greece since 1870. He treats the subject historically,...

Nile to Aleppo. By Hector W. Dinning. Illustrated by James

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McBey. (G. Allen and Unwin. 25s. net.)—Captain Dinning served with the Australian Light Horse and pays just tribute to their brilliant achievements in Palestine and Syria. He...

An Introduction to the Geography of Sierra Leone. By Harold

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Michell. (Crown Agents for the Colonies : printed by Waterlow and Sons.)—This book deserves a friendly mention not only as the fullest account of Sierra Leone that we ha-re...

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The Hogarth Press has produced a delightfully pretty, thin little

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volume in The Story of the Siren (by E. M. Forster, 28. 6d. net). The azure marbled-paper cover is the dress above all others for the imaginative little story which it clothes....

The Kalahari, or Thirst land -Redemption. By E. H. L.

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Schwarz. (Cape Town : Ma.skew Miller ; Oxford : Blackwell. 8s. 6d. net.) —Professor Schwarz, who holds the chair of geology at the Rhodes University College and who was the Cape...

The Roving Editors. By W. J. Sowden. (Adelaide : W.

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K. Thomas.)—The editor of the Adelaide Register was one of the Australian editors invited by the Government to visit the Western Front in 1918. He eves in this interesting...

Spanish and Portuguese Romances of Chivalry. By Henry Thomas. (Cambridge

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University Press. 25e. net.)—This Is a scholarly and interesting account of the romances of chivalry which fired Don Quixote's imagination and set him off in search of...