21 FEBRUARY 1931

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Mr. Gandhi and the Viceroy ' By far 'the most

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interesting event in India has been Mr. Gandhi's interview with the Viceroy. Mr. Sastri, Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru, and Mr. Jayakar, the Round Table delegates, since their return...

News of the Week

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The Spanish Crisis THE swiftness of King Alfonso's political movements is remarkable. He keeps his opponents guessing, and by the time they have guessed their answer is out of...

EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHING OFFICES : 93 Gower Street, London, W.C.

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1.—A Subscription to the SPECTATOR costs Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to tiny part of the - Workl. The SPECTATOR -is registered as a Newspaper. The Postgge on...

Meanwhile the Conference of Premiers had adopted a three year

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plan " of retrenchment, which _included a rednetion of - 0E681 salaries corresponding to the fall in the cost of living and a 3s. 6d. Ilcome Tax without rebate on the interest...

Australian Finance The financial situation in Australia, although still the

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cause of much anxiety, is a little better than last week. The scheme for the repudiation of public debt produced by Mr. Lang has been dismissed by a majority of the Labour...

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Much depends now not only on the triangular con- ference

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which has been arranged for Friday of this week after we have gone to Press, but upon the forthcoming by-election in East Sydney. Mr. Scullin, the Common- wealth Prime Minister,...

When Mr. Lloyd George's turn came he let himself go.

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It is some time since he has said so many reckless thin gs with so much gaiety. He begged Mr. Snowden not to b e too frightened of the City of London, which, since the War, had...

Mr. Snowden's Meaning Mr. Snowden's gloomy financial declaration of Wednes-

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day, February 11th, was so much plainer about the dis- ease than about the remedies that no one was surprised when a special meeting of the Parliamentary Labour Party was...

He pointed out that it was impossible to go on

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spending money as though things were normal. Sometimes a retreat was the best tactical preparation for an advance. When he had spoken of disagreeable and drastic measures he had...

The Liberals and Development In the House of Commons on

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Thursday, February 12th Sir Herbert Samuel moved a Liberal resolution on unemployment. The tone of the debate was determined by the financial alarm which Mr. Snowden had sounded...

The almost immediate response of the City was. a fall

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in Government securities. Some Liberal newspapers have written as though the City—apparently in this case the stockbrokers—can manipulate a fall of this sort just to score off...

* * * * The Prime Minister accepted the Liberal

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resolution after having put his own gloss upon it, which was that the money was to be found only when each scheme of develop- ment had been proved to be economically sound. He...

The Government and the Zionists The Prime Minister has written

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to Dr. Weizmann an authoritative interpretation of the Government's policy as announced in the recent White Paper. This interpre- tation is to be sent to the Mandates Commission...

The School Attendance Bill In the House of Lords on

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Wednesday the School Atten- dance Bill, after a second reading debate lasting two days, was rejected by 168 votes to 22. The issue was never• in doubt. The House as a whole was...

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The Recognition of Osteopaths Manipulative surgery is an established profession

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in many parts of the world, and it is becoming increasingly Popular in this country. A Bill is now before Parliament to give osteopaths, that is . specialists in adjustments in...

The British Industries Fair A good point in this year's

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British Industries Fair, which opened on Monday, is the number of trade groups organized by trade associations. Two of these have formed separate exhibitions—of cotton at the...

The Eugenic Society At the Galton dinner of the Eugenic

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Society on Monday under the chairmanship of Dean Inge, Sir J. Arthur Thomson spoke of the warnings from Nature which arc to be found in the study of eugenics. His theme was the...

Lord Derby, who understands Lancashire people well and whose instincts

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are generally right in regard to the affairs of the county, appealed to the employers to get the mills open again if that were humanly possible before the opening of the...

* * * *

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Sir Laming Worthington-Evans Sir Laming Worthington-Evans, who died last Satur- day, will be genuinely missed in the House of Commons, where he had friends in all Parties. He...

Sir Charles Parsons We regret to record the death, on

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Wednesday, Febru. ary 11th, of Sir Charles Parsons. He was the creator of the modern steam turbine, on which he began to work in 1883 and in the construction of which he made a...

The Cotton Peace The cotton lock-out was ended on Friday,

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February 18th, by the voluntary act of the employers. The mills were reopened on Monday. The lock-out began on Janu- ary 19th. This extraordinary change in the situation was...

Bank Rate, 8 per cent., changed from 3/ per cent.

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on May 1st, 1930. War Loan (5 per cent.) was On Wednesday 102I; on Wednesday week, 104; a year ago, 1011. Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday NI ; on Wednesday week, 94...

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The Spanish Crisis

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I T seemed at one moment on Monday that King Alfonso had put the future of the Monarchy in the hands of his people. Probably things had come to such a pass that he could do...

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The Week in Parliament

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W E have had a stirring and dramatic week. A vote of censure on economy, the Liberal motion upon un- employment, a vehement discussion about prohibition, and finally a bitter...

Should the Elgin Marbles be Returned ?

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'LIVERY now and then the fate of the Elgin Marbles . 1j comes prominently before public attention and the moral justification for their retention by Great Britain is discussed....

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Reform of the House of Lords

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BY THE DUKE OF MONTROSE. /10 anyone concerned in the political welfare of Great Britain, the present one-sided Party position in the House of Lords must be a source of anxiety...

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Psychology and Religion

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IL—Reli g ious Experience By THE REV. L. W. GRENSTED, M.A., D.D. [Dr. Grensted is Oriel Professor of the Philosophy of the Christian Religion at Oxford. Next week Dr. William...

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The Agricultural Situation and the Government Proposals—II

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BY CHRISTOPHER TURNOR. [A third, and concluding, article by Mr. Turner will appear in our next issue.—En. Spectator.] E must now consider a group of five proposals which are of...

Next Leek

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A CARICATURE OF SIR OSWALD MOSLEY : by M.tx BEERBOHM. ARE WE OVER POPULATED ? DR. R. A. FISIIER• MARRIAGE : by SIR BRUCE BRUCE-PORTER. THE READER : by J. C. SQUIRE.

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Education—What Denmark can Teach Us

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BY SIR ROBERT LYNN (Chairman, Advisory Education Couneil, Northern Ireland) T HERE seems such a large measure of agreement on the question of raising the schoOl leaving age...

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The Notion of Survival

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BY GERALD HEARD. I N his article, " The Notion of Survival," Sir Oliver Lodge uses analogies from modern physics to sup= port his thesis. That these analogies are very...

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Optimism—I

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By SIR WILFRED GRENFELL. N ERVOUS prostration is a comparatively new affliction of mankind and a concomitant of modern civilization. It chiefly affects those who have no real...

Sheridan Le Fanu

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By E. F. BENSON. writerof ghost stories and of tales which are T designed to make the flesh creep embarks on hazardous voyages. If he does not scare his readers or inspire in...

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Birds on the High Veld

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By E. M. ADDERLEY W HEN we decided to settle on the African high _veld, and build a house on a farm bare of trees or of any protection, we expected to miss the birds, always...

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New Dolls and Old

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By RABINDRANATII TAGORE. [Translated from the original Bengali by Bhatani Bhattacharyal A MAN used to make dolls for children in the palace. Every year a fair of dolls took...

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No Road to Jaffa

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(Translated by J. B. MORTON.) [I have been fortunate enough to obtain Herr Fahlmann's per- mission to translate from the German one of the chapters from his new book, dealing...

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A Hundred Years Ago

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Tan " SPECTATOR," FEBRUARY 19TH, 1831. THE BUDGET. The question of the Budget still forms the principal feature of the week's debates in Parliament. Ministers on Monday gave up...

Lord Cecil of Chelwood

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BY AMICUS. T HE name of Viscount Cecil of Chelwood is to-day associated exclusively with the cause of inter- national peace. He is counted among the great philan- thropic...

- Three Women

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TIIE young moon comes early And slips away soon; Like a white dairy-maid Runs the young moon. The full moon rides slowly From night until morn, Like a proud mother With her...

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Letters to the Editor

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THE COLOUR BAR [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,— After the letters of Mr. Aiman and Mr. Polak describing the iniquities of colour prejudice in Great Britain, it may...

WANTED : A NEW REFORM BILL [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—I am, needless to say, deeply interested in the " New Reform Bill " proposed by Mrs. Sidney Webb. The essential consequence of the scheme, however, it...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,—Nothing evokes the scorn and derision of the coloured man more than the empty rhetoric about " mutual under- standing and good will " between white and coloured peoples. He...

DISARMAMENT [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,—I am grateful for your leading article in last week's Spectator on the subject of the Disarmament Conference, and especially for calling attention to the fact that it is...

[To th Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Stn,—Every one should be grateful to Mrs. Sidney Webb for having called attention in the Spectator (and at greater length in the Political quarterly) to the intolerable impasse...

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CO-OPERATION AND AGRICULTURE [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—The

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Spectator has from time to time advocated co- operation amongst farmers as a means of dealing with the marketing problem, and I therefore venture to write to you to explain what...

SAVING AND SPENDING [To the Editor o g the SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,—Your continued interest in the problem of Saving and Spending prompts me to suggest that you are rather less than fair to Mr. Hobson in summarising his proposals as merely...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sta,—I wrote to you

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immediately after the publication of your issue containing my letter on " Saving and Spending," but as this letter was not printed, I am writing again. It appears to me that...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Stn,—In these days, when

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the time is quite evidently out of joint and each one of us, as evidently, is born to set it right, when Memoranda, Manifestoes and National Plans are as thick as heather upon...

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IMPORTED FLOUR

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—The huge importation of French flour into this country to which Captain Dixey directs your readers' attention is a question which...

THE CHILDREN OF CHAILEY

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—You have already allowed me to write of the Children of Chailey, and Mrs. C. W. Kimmins tells me that the article you published under...

RUSSIAN TIMBER CAMPS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Might I be permitted to put before your readers a neglected point of view on this widely-discussed question ? The difference between what...

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HELP FOR THOSE " DOWN AND OUT "

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—At a time when unemployment is rife your readers may be glad to hear of a purposeful attempt to help the casualties of world and national...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, —One of the sorest

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issues in politics to-day is the duel between the Free Trader and the Tariff Reformer, although perhaps not one of us is wholly the one or the other. In my trade, Reading has...

PIT PONIES

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sra,—Mr. Philip Gee challenges the statement regarding the " double shifts " worked by pit ponies. Is he satisfied that the conditions under...

INHABITED BASEMENTS AND CHILDREN

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—It is gratifying to learn from your columns that the Westminster Housing Trust has now been formed as a Public Utility Society, and that...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Miss Gardner's letter published

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in your issue of February 7th presents such a disturbing account of the life of a pit pony that I am induced to describe briefly the con- ditions which have come under my...

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THREE WOMEN IN MOROCCO

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[To the Editorf S o, -PECTATOR.] SIR,—I have just received a letter from Fez, containing this information : " Yesterday we had a nice little ceremony-when our new Cons...

THE CALL OF THE CHURCH

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—My letter was intended to provoke discussion ; it is difficult to draw conclusions from the comments which it has evoked. I was sure that...

POINTS FROM LETTERS

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SUNDAY. The people of this country have the right to rational recrea- tion on Sunday as on every other day of the week, always providing that provision is made for one day's...

A New Competition

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A prize of two guineas will be awarded to the reader who sends the best description of the thoughts of the subject of Mr. Max Beerbohm's caricature, appearing in this week's...

DIET AND CANCER

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I have read Mr. Ellis Barker's article, and it is of special interest to me to see that his conclusions are the same as those of my late...

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Memories of Sir William Rothenstein

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Men and Memories, Recollections of William Rothenstein, 1872-1900. (Faber and Faber. 21s.) Tins first instalment of the memoirs of Sir William Rothenstein is all that might be...

Africa's A dolescence

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Africa View. By Julian Huxley. (Chatto and Windus. 15s.) " My Africa view ends here. Looking back, I see my crowded and random impressions, from my first tourist sensations on...

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The Detection of Crime " HERE'S richness " for the

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man who loves a good murder— three whole books largely about murders. They are written from three quite separate points of view. Mr. Adam has done what has often been done...

The Eternal Imperative

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SOME readers at least of Professor Taylor's noble book will be inclined to describe it by a favourite word of Baron von Hiigel, whose influence is so manifest in its pages. It...

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Osteopathy and Orthodoxy

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Manipulation as a Curative Factor. By Ethel Mellor. (Methuen. 10s. 6d.) IF the doctors want to lead the people away from osteopathy, they will have to learn how to write at...

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Seven from the Forest

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HERE are the collected poems of Mr. Edmund Blunden and Mr. Robert Frost, two poets who have so mastered the secrets of their localities that their work is universal. Each of...

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Our Ancestors !

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To pause for a moment before the bookstall of a modern railway station is to have a devastating sense of the range and number of publications with which Mr. Graham has had to...

Two Books on Russia

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The Methods of the Ogpu. By Vladimir Brunovsky. (Harper. DEO SIR BERNARD PARES was drawn by sentiment to Russia when he was a boy and had never seen that country. Why ? There...

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Perambulation

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Highway into Spain. By Marcel Aurousseau. (Peter Davies. 2 Is. ) THESE two books are characteristic of the prevailing mood among thinking persons, a dawning consciousness that...

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Fiction

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The Function of a Novel Back Street. By Fannie Hurst. (Cape. 7s. 6d.) IT will probably be granted that the realistic novel is dead. Why ? The truth is that the pedestrian...

Boys in Trouble

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Boys In Trouble : a Study of Adolescent Crime and its Treatment. By Mrs. L. le Mesurier. (John Murray. 6s.) WE hope this book will find its way to a large public. Few people...

How the War Came

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The Coming of the War, 1914. By Bernadotte E. Schmitt. (Scribners. 2 vols. 30s.) MOST of us were convinced in August, 1914, that Austria- Hungary had thrown a lighted match...

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GREEN LANE, OR MURDER AT THE MOAT FARM. By Alec

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Brown. (Cape. 7s. 6d.)—An exciting murder story, a serious psychological study, and an unusual but percep- tive picture of rural life in the south of England. A thriller of...

BLOOD AND CELLULOID. By Heinrich Eduard Jacob. (Seeker. 7s. 6d.)—A

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German novel of the films, with Sardinian bandits, French diplomacy, Mussolini, and the League of Nations thrown in. Buy German, and get your money's worth !

MALICE AFORETHOUGHT. By Francis Iles. (Mundanus. 3s.)—This " story of

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a commonplace crime " is a drama of character, not a detective story., There can seldom have been a criminal whose conviction was so thoroughly welcome (and poetically just) as...

THE THREE BROTHERS. By Edwin Muir. (Heinemann. 7s. 6d.)—A sober,

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competent study of a Scotch farmer's family involved in the religious animosities of Mary Stuart's time, unsatisfying because the characters do not seem to belong to their period.

these short stories display to advantage the late Donn Byrne's

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brilliant gift for reporting. "Panic" and - In the Cellar " achieve something more.

New Novels

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MORNING TIDE. By Neil M. Gunn. (Porpoise Press. 73. 6d.)—A straightforward tale of Scottish fisher folk. The writer knows his subject, and his work has the impressive starkness...

volume. An embarras de richesse for the Poirot-phil.

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SHADOW SHOW. By Beatrice Sheepshanks. (Sampson Low. 7s. 6d.)—How a

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misunderstood artistic tempera. ment shocked the Anglo-Dutch colony in Java. Real people in Ethel M. Dellish predicaments.

LED BY WESTMACOTT. By W. Pett Ridge. (Methuen. 7s. 6d.)—Typical

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Pett Ridge skittishly describing the fate which meets the traditional bachelor business man when he retires and has to contend with adopted daughter and pretty niece.

PO' BUCKRA. By G. M. Shelvey and S. G. Stoney.

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(Gollancz. 7s. 6d.)—Poor white (po' buckra) and a decayed great family of the Southern States, meet and go down to ruin together, surrounded by racy minor characters. The story...

PORTRAIT OF A PALADIN. By Vicente Huidobro.

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• (Eyre and Spottiswoode. 7s. 6d.)—A luxurious and bombinatirig novel about the Cid, bursting with metaphor and rhetoric. A best seller in Spain that will make English readers...

THE BLACK BOX. By M. P. Shiel. (Richards. 7s. 6d.)—

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A far-fetched style—a blend of stage Irish and Mere- dithese—matches a far-fetched plot. Mr. Shiel's talent is not at home in detective fiction.

ROMAN HOLIDAY. By Upton Sinclair. (Werner Laurie. 7s. 6d.)—This tale

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of modern America will not dis- place The Jungle as literature, nor Sylvia's Marriage . as propaganda ; but the hand that wrote both is evident from the first word to the last.

DUX : A STORY OF THE CIRCUS. By Hans Possendorf.

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(Chapman and Hall. 7s. 6d.)—The clown-hero of this artless German romance conceals under the grease-paint not only a heart of gold, but a handsome face and a doctor's degree.

FLESH AND BLOOD. By John Brophy. (Dent. 7s. 6d.)— A

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sound, careful, and conscientious story, analysing the feelings and experiences of a man accused of murder, by a promising novelist who at present takes himself a little too...

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Some Books of the Week MAIM:Mg STANCIOFF'S Recollections of a

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Bulgarian Diplo- malist's Wife (Hutchinson, 18s.) covers a period extending from 1887 to 1915. Born a French woman of aristocratic family she went to Bulgaria as lady in waiting...

To many people the Church of England is an expression

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that stands for something vague and amorphous, a useful if not very logical outgrowth of English life, more genial than Rome or Dissent, but lacking the strength that comes of...

* * * *

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Any book by M. X. Marcel Boulestin about food is . a necessity to the bookshelf of a well-equipped kitchen. What Shall We Have To-day ? (Heinemann, cloth 5s., paper 8s. 6d.)...

• * * The French Novelists from the Revolution to

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Proust (by Frederick C. Green, Dent, 7s. 6d.) have not much elbow- room in a volume of three hundred and fifty pages. Mr. Green marshals them with skill, and assigns to each his...

* * Dr. Eleanor Duckett, formerly Fellow of Girton and

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now Professor of Latin in Smith College, has produced a charming book on the Latin .Writers of the Fifth Century (New York : Henry Holt). That century, which saw the collapse of...

Trained scholarship and intimate local knowledge combine to make Mr.

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Reginald W. Jeffery's Thornton-le-Dale (Wakefield : West Yorkshire Printing 5s.) one of the best parish histories that we have seen. Co., Mr. Jeffery has done good work for the...

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Some Notes on Interior Decoration By B.1SII. IONIDES.

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EVERYONE interested in house decoration should first he taught the rules of suitability, before studying periods or modernity. - It is easy and right to make cheap work very...

The Modern Home

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Lighting Problems By BASIL IONIDES. THERE is a good deal of science in lighting, and much research has been devoted to discovering how to obtain the highest efficiency with...

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Notes on Cruises

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Particulars of other cruises : The R.S.M.P. Atlantis' sails from Southampton on April 2nd for an Easter cruise lasting fifteen days, visiting Coruna, Ceuta, Barcelona, Palma,...

Travel

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[We publish on this page articles and notes which may help our readers in their plans for travel at home and abroad. They are written by correspondents who have visited the...

General Knowledge Questions

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Gun, weekly prize of one guinea for the best thirteen Questions submitted is awarded this week to Miss Gwenllian Pryee, 105 Southwood Lane, Highgate, N. 6, for the following :—...

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Finance—Public and Private (Continued from page 288.) . Financial Supremacy *

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ALTHOUGH written mainly for the - Financial expert, I consider that this is a book which should be read by all who are concerned with the future prosperity of the country. After...

NOTHING LIKE LEATHER.

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It is refreshing in these days of trade depression to note such a good and industrial Report as that represented in the latest annual statement by J. Sears and Company, the...

IIAMASSING THE GAS INDUSTRY.

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At the Annual Meetings both of the Commercial Gas Com. pany and the South Suburban Gas Company, the Chairman, Dr. Carpenter, while he was able to report in both cases an...

MINISTERS' FADS AND FANCIES.

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At the Annual Meeting of Power Securities Corporation the Chairman, Mr. George Balfour, was able to report a year of progress, and among other things he showed that the net...

Answers to Questions on Quadrupeds in Scripture

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1. Conies.—Proverbs xxx, 26.-2. (1) Moles ; (2) Bats.— Isaiah20.-3. (1) Cow ; (2) Sheep.—Isaiah vii, 21.- 4 . Camel.—Genesis xxiv, 64.-5. (1) Ox; (2) Ass .— Isai ah i, 3 6....

Financial Notes

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FALL IN INVESTMENT SECURITIES. THE outstanding feature of the past week has been the serious slump in British Funds and all high-class investment securities. Consols, the...

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The Case For Action, by limes II. Pearse and G.

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Scott • Williamson (Faber and Faber, 5s.), eulogistically prefaced by Lord Moynihan and the Master of Balliol, tells of a socio- medical experiment; the purpose of which was to...

In view of Australia's present difficulties, Mr. A. L. Gordon

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Mackay's able study of The Australian Banking and Credit System (P. S. King, 12s. 6d.) appears opportunely. The author is ti member of the staff of Adelaide University and deals...

More Books of the Week

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(Continued from page 282.) " Not a book to sit down and read, - but one just to dip into," and not that for everybody : so might Mr. W. R. Lyon's compilation, The Elevens of...

.* Nowadays, a travel-book, however well-conceived, has no chance of

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emerging from the ruck unless its author is himself a man .of conspicuous personality or achievement. Professor Arnold Toynbee's Journey to China is a case in point. In Impacts,...

Prabuddha Bharata is a monthly magazine published close to those

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sources from which much that is good in Hindu philo- • sophy draws its inspiration—the Himalayas. The editor has an. ashram at Almora, but the magazine is obtainable from 182a...

• The Peace Year Book 1931 (National Council for the

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Pre. vention of War, 39 Victoria Street, London, S.W. 1, ls.) i s a marked improvement on earlier issues. There is the usual tabulated material comprising the Directory of Peace...

Mr. 1). A. Mackenzie does himself less than justice in

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the titles which he has chosen for his two latest volumes, Myths and Traditions of the South Sea Islands and Myths from Melanesia and Indonesia (Gresham Publishing Company, 12s....