2 SEPTEMBER 1916

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Rumania declared war on Austria-Hungary on Sunday evening last, and

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on Monday it was announced that Germany had declared war on Rumania. The reasons for Rumania's action, given in a written statement presented by the Rumanian Minister in...

On the Western Front there is nothing of great importance

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to report. The exceedingly bad weather, which always tells more against the attack than the defence, has hindered our operations, and both we and the French have been obliged to...

* 4 , 4 ' The Editor cannot undertake to return Manuscript in any

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case.

We are not using the word in 'any conventional sense

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when we say that at such thoughts as these the Germans must be utterly appalled. It is the writing on the wall. What must make the disappointment all the more terrible is the...

We are glad to note that the Italians are making

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good progress in the Dolomite region. Speaking generally, the Italians have reason to be very well satisfied with the military situation.

The Emperor dare not risk a defeat with Hindenburg not

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in supreme command, for if that were to happen the very stones of Berlin would cry aloud against the Emperor for not having taken the action which the people think must lead to...

In the first place, it has this message for the

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Germans. They must see clearly enough that the Rumanians would not have abandoned their neutrality had they not come to feel certain that the Entente Powers, whatever the cost...

A less imaginative way of reading what the German feels

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is to mark the instant action taken by the Kaiser on Rumania's declara- tion of war. On the very next day it was officially announced that the Chief of the Imperial General...

Though Field-Marshal von Hindenburg is undoubtedly the idol of the

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people, there is no reason to suppose that he is a Moltke or a Carnet, or that there is any chance of his being able to turn the tide of battle. Indeed, as things are now, there...

To sum up, we do not envy Field-Marshal von Hindenburg

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his task. Immense results will be expected from him. The very best he can do is to stand efficiently on the defensive and hope that the Powers will somehow commit suicide by...

It will very soon be quite impossible for their rulers

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to maintain, or for the Germans to keep up for themselves, the sham belief in ultimate victory. The scene is not going to change to a bright, beer-drinking Valhalla, but to that...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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I T is with the utmost satisfaction that we record the great event of the week—the decision of Rumania to take her stand by the side of the Entente Powers and to form part of...

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We publish elsewhere a poem by the author of Kitchener'

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_Mob, the gallant young American who has not.only -helped to fight- our battles in Flanders, but has given us a -picture of the British soldier in which admiration rises to the...

We long to see such a statue, with an appropriate

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inscription, placed in some prominent position in London. The material should obviously be bronze, and we do not see why a skilful sculptor should not let his metal have a...

Nothing,' of course, could be worse than first to build

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a - dull or pretentious bridge, and then stick it all over with statuary, as a child sticks his tin soldiers - upon a set of arches made from 'Dr. Richter's ashen-grey or...

At intervals along the parapets of the bridge should stand

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repro sentatives of our fighting forces—the bomb-thrower, the machine- At intervals along the parapets of the bridge should stand repro sentatives of our fighting forces—the...

To make the King an opponent of the Liberal Party

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meant. a State of undeclared civil war, and the national unity had been Shattered by this introduction of the King's name into politics, Co-operation between the two sides was...

. At Athens on Sunday last M. Venizelos addressed a

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great meeting attended by sixty thousand people, representing all classes of the community, to protest against the policy which had led to the Bulgarian invasion. M. Venizelos...

Rumania's decision coincided with Italy's declaration of war on Germany,

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which was officially announced at Rome last Sunday. The message in which the Italian Government declares that Italy considers herself to be in a state of war with Germany as...

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Mr. Stanley Washburn, the Times correspondent with the Russian forces,

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has a very interesting account in last Saturday's issue of his interview at Luck on July 28th with a captured Austrian General, one of a group of officers who had remained with...

The Australian delegates who have recently visited the Mother Country

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were entertained to dinner on Tuesday by Mr. Andrew Fisher, the High Commissioner for the Commonwealth. Mr. Henderson proposed the health of the visitors. They were now taking...

Our brilliant New York contemporary Life prints a " Pacifist's

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Breviary " which is so applicable to our own pacifists that we cannot forbear quoting it in full :— " If a fire breaks out in your house speak to it gently. The universe is a...

The special correspondent of the Times at the British Head-

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quarters publishes in Tuesday's issue some curious stories of the humours of German surrenders :— " One Major who was taken said that he hoped he would be allowed to have his...

It is known that before the war there were Germans

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who were disgusted by the treatment of the Armenians by the Turkish Govern- ment. We are glad to learn that the acquiescence of the German Government in the recent appalling...

Two of a series of five articles on " Hunting

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German Submarines " by Mr. Alfred Noyes have appeared since our last issue. The Admiralty have granted Mr. Noyes special facilities for the task, and they are to be...

General Smith-Dorrien in Tuesday's _Morning Poet comments none too strongly

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on the tone of certain theatrical performances. Specially designed to attract "the younger members of our fighting profession," they make no appeal to the best side of their...

Under the heading of " Treasury. Romances " the papers

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of last Saturday print a most inspiriting study by Mr. James Douglas of the " voluntary contributions to war expenses " made in the last two years. For, as he observes at the...

Bank Rate, 6 per cent., changed from 5 per cent.

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July 13th.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY

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RUMANIA AND THE WAR. I T would be easy to exaggerate the immediate effects of Rumania's entry into the military and political field on the side of the Allies. It would be...

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THE VOLUNTEERS.

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W E desire to draw the attention of our readers to the V V letter addressed to us this week by Mr. Percy Harris, well known to all. Volunteers for the great services which he...

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OUR NEW ALLY.

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W E have dealt elsewhere with the military consequences of Rumania's dramatic entry into the Great War. Here we desire to dwell upon the more remote results, and upon the nature...

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MR. CHURCHILL'S MISFIRE. T HE temporary suspension of the sittings of

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the House of Commons does not justify neglect of the political problems which will probably assert themselves with ever- increasing force durin g the remainder of the life of...

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T I AST week about one hundred and twenty progressive members

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of the Church of England, clerical and lay, were assembled in Conference at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, to discuss the great questions of Christian ethics which have of late...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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THE PROPOSED CHURCH COUNCIL. [To sea EDITOR or TRH " srEcuroa."1 Srs,—I have derived so much pleasure and instruction, and even some. times edification, by arguing with Dr....

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THE VOLUNTEERS.

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[TO THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR.1 Sm,—Much public labour is in vain, and rarely do those who initiate see their trees bear fruit. But the Central Association Volunteer...

(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR-1

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Sin,—Our points of view are not the same, but my instinct in con- troversy is to discover and emphasize first of all the broadest possible basis of agreement. On the main...

[TO THE EDITOR 07 THE SPECTATOR.") Sm,—I do not know

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whether my friend Dr. Field is a constant reader of the Church Times, but he has managed to misread my letter almost in the same way as that journal, though his language is, as...

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" BURY OR BURN."

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[To nue EDITOR or ass " Srseriros.."1 reference to your article on " Bury or Burn " in last Saturday's Spectator, the great difficulty seems to be in getting people to see for...

[To ram EDITOR or ma "Brzareroa."1

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am sure every one who lives near any beauty spot of Nature open to the public will be grateful for your admirable article, " Bury or Burn." I live near a beautiful and ancient...

THE " MORAL " ASPECT OF TARIFF REFORM.

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[To THE EDITOR 07 " SPECTATOR.") Sra,—In your review of Mr. Arthur Baumann's book in the issue of August 19th you say: " He remarks that if the Tariff Reformers had ever...

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SINN FEIN WARFARE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.1 SIR,—In view of the persistent attempts made to enlist American sympathy on behalf of the Sinn Fein rebels as clean fighters, and to...

EDUCATION IN IRELAND.

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[To THE EDITOR 07 THE " SPECTATOR.") seems to me that there is no use whatever in the Defence of the Realm Act in Ireland. What good can result from suppressing a few seditious...

A GREAT COMEDY.

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[TO THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR:1 Sra,—In common fairness, will you allow me to contradict some of the extraordinary statements in one of your leading articles entitled " A...

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FEAR OF DEATH.

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ITO TITS EDITOR OP TEE "SPECTATOR "] Sne,—On the day of the massacre of Tientsin I was on the steamer from China to Japan. Something induced me to leave the dinner-table...

CONCERNING PRAYER.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR."] venture to offer the following quotations from Holy Writ suggested by your review of the above. As to the best natures gaining by suffering...

BUNYAN AND THE BIBLE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") have heard a School Board member in Aberdeen quote Scripture, not Wesley, to the effect that cleanliness is next to godliness, and now I...

THE NEED OF FAITH.

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[To ma EDITOR OF TEE " SPECTATOR "] Sm,—Many of us out here have realized for some time the truth which underlies the letter of " L. L." in the columns of the Spectator of...

[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."]

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SIR,—The beautiful lines on prayer appearing in last week's Spectator brought to my recollection Hartley Coleridge's once well-known verses, which I think are now being...

CAG.LIOSTRO ON THE WAR.

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ITO THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR"] Sm,—In these days when our thoughts are centred on our huge arma. ments the following quotation from Dumas, Le Collier de in Reine, chap....

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[To THE EDITOU or THE " SPECTATOR. "]

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Sin, With reference -to-" A Country Parson's " letter in the Spectator of August 19th, it may interest him and others to know that it is proposed to get, if possible, photos of...

MEMORIALS TO THE FALLEN.

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[TO THE EDITOR Of THE " SPECTATOR. "] Sm,—May I bring to your readers' notice a form of memorial which has for some months been in use in Somerset ? It was felt that...

A SOLDIER'S LETTER.

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ere THE EDITOR 07 THE " SPECTATOR. " ] Sra,—The following extracts from a letter written by Major 5— two days before he was killed while storming the enemy's trenches may be...

BRITISH SOLDIERS' GRAVES IN FRANCE. IT° seta EDITOR OP THE

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" SPECTATOR. "] Sin,—Mr. James's letter under this heading in your issue of August 12th is most touching, and no doubt many further instanoes will be forth- coming of the...

WELLINGTON AND KITCHENER.

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[TO TEl EDITOR OF TER " SPEOTATOR.”1 Sra,—In a letter headed " Save or Serve the State "' which appeared in your issue of July 8th there occur the following words : " I...

GERMANY AND "THE NEXT GREAT WAR."

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MU THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR "] .Sre,—In an interview by a correspondent of the New York Times with the German Commander-in-Chief on the Somme; which appeared in the Daily...

THE SALUTE.,

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[To um EDITOR OP THE SPECTATOR:I STE,—I do not know who wrote these verses, but they were given to his wife by one whom I was proud to call my son-in-law, and who went down...

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WHAT IS A NASSAUER ?

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR:1 Sin,—The gallant performance of 'E23' in torpedoing the `Nassau' Dreadnought reminds me of a story I heard first from a well-known...

THE BRITISH WOMEN'S PATRIOTIC LEAGUE. (To THE EDITOR OF TUB

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SPaCTATOR.1 Srn,—In response to Mr. Hughes's appeal to the representative women of Great Britain, the British Women s Patriotic League have arranged a series of popular...

AN APPEAL FOR BELGIAN CHILDREN. [TO THE EDITOR OP THE

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" SPECTATOR:1 SIR,—A Committee has been formed under the honorary presidency of the Duchess of Norfolk to assist the Belgian Society called the Vesdaire Marie-Jose. This...

GERMAN WAR MEDALS.

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THY - Sesersvoit.1 Sra,—In The Correspondence of Cray, Walpole, West, and Ashton (1734- 1771), edited by Mr. Paget Toynbee and published last year by the...

PISS DE M1CHEFER.

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(To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPICTeTOE."1 have not seen this material mentioned in your columns in connexion with cheap dwellings. Ilse de machefer is obtained from clinkers or slag...

THE USE OF THE MOON IN NIGHT MAP WORK.

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE " SPROTATOR.1 Sin,—May I venture to point out to the critic of " military books " in your issue of August 19th that the use of the moon in night map...

THE STUDY OF GREEK.

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR."' SIB,—In a volume of Missionary Biography, published within the last decade, I find the following reference to Bishop Caldwell, whose "...

WATER-DIVINING AT SUVLA BAY.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPRCTATOR.."1 SIR,—Recently I received a newspaper from Egypt, sent me with quite other intention, but in looking it through I came across the account...

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POETRY.

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THE CRICKETERS OF FLANDERS. THE first to climb the parapet With " cricket balls" in either hand ; The first to vanish in the smoke Of God-forsaken No-Man's-Land. First at the...

BOOKS.

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M. YVES GUYOT ON THE WAR.* M. YVES GIIYOT is a veteran Free Trader. It was not to be for one moment supposed that recent events would have in any degree shaken his faith in the...

NOTICE—When "Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communi- cated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

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THE LAND AGENTS' POINT OF VIEW.• IT is easy to

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imagine the excited controversy that would have been aroused by this book if it had appeared when Mr. Lloyd George's land policy was still fresh. Here is the considered judgment...

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FABIAN FINANCE.*

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Hans we have a recipe, compounded by Mr. Sidney Webb and his lieutenants, not for raising money to carry on the war, but for paying the bill when the war is over. For then,...

ORIGINS OF " FORTY-1

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Tan Scottish History Society has done invaluable service to the study of the original documents on which Scottish history rests by the publica- tion of the seventy-odd- volumes...

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FICTION.

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MR. WILDRIDGE OF THE BANK.t READERS of Mr. Lynn Doyle's high-spirited chronicles of Ballygullion- his first essay in fiction—will turn with good hopes of cheerful • The...

THE PATRIOTIC POETRY OF WILLIAM WORDSWORTH.* HERE is a delectable

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little book of great poetry, expressing love of England and belief in her power to face the worst troubles that ever threatened her before this war began, and marked by the calm...

THE INDIVIDUALITY OF ST. PAUL.*

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IT is always tempting to speculate about the possibility of finding literary treasure. Will a fifth Gospel ever come to light ? A far lesser boon would be a volume of St. Paul's...

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Shakespeare's Theater. By Ashley H. Thorndike. (Macmillan and Co. 10s.

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6d. net.)—Professor Thorndike does not pretend to have discovered new facts, but, taking a comprehensive survey of those already known, claims to present " within the compass...

READABLE NOVELS. —The Sailor. By J. C. Snaith. (Smith, Elder,

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and Co. 6s.)—A story of the evolution of a boy from the slums through sea service to popular authorship.—The Island of Surprise. By Cyrus Townsend Brady. (Cassell and Co....

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in this column does not necessarily preclude subsequent review.] Disraeli : a Play in Four Acts. By Louis N. Parker. (John Lane. is. net.)—It is conceivable that...

Jack's Self-Educator. (T. C. and E. C. Jack. 3s. 6d.

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net.)—" Virgil, Horace, Ovid, Terence, Plautus, Cicero. What a world of honey have we here ! " exclaimed Mrs. Blimber, referring to the stores of learning at Dr. Blimber's...

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India and its Faiths. By J. B. Pratt. (Constable and

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Co. 12s. 6d net.)—Professor Pratt, who holds a Chair of Philosophy in a New Eng- land College, spent a year in India before the war, and studied the many religions which he...

A Caravan Afloat. By C. J. Aubertin. (Sinapkin, Marshall, and

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Co- 3s. (3d. net.)—In this entertaining book Mr. Aubertin describes his adventures in a barge fitted' up as a houseboat on the English canals. Only those who love the...

A New Pocket Dictionary of the English and Russian Languages.

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By J. H. Freese, ALA. (Began Paul, Trench, and Co. 5s. net.)—This cheap, well-printed, and compendious Russian-English dictionary— soon to be completed, we trust, in a...

Serbian-English and English-Serbian Pocket Dictionary. By Louis Cahen. (Kagan Paul,

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Trench, and Co. 2s. 6d. net.)—This handy little vocabulary will be very useful to our Salonika forces and to the increasing number of people at home who would like to know...

London Street Games. By Norman Douglas. (St. Catherine Press. 5s.

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net.)—This " breathless catalogue," as the author calls it, enumerates " about a thousand of the outdoor games they play down our way " somewhere in the wilderness of London...

Life Saving in War Time. By Mabel Palmer, M.A. (C.

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Arthur Pearson. Is. net.)—In view of the terrible wastage of life in war and the necessity of making good this wastage in the future, the facts and figures as to infant...