3 JUNE 1916

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Reports from the Italian front show that though our Allies

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have had to withdraw at two points, there is no cause for any immediate anxiety as to their power to stay the Austrian advance. It is the old story. By means of careful...

We arc far from saying that, granted a big enough

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gap and endless supplies of men, it might not be possible for the Austrians to pour a huge army into Venetia, and either compel the Italian right to fall back or else attack it...

• At first sight this may seem depressing. We have

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pointed out, however, that if the balance-sheet is calculated not in terms of ground but of casualties, the balance is distinctly the other way. When we say this we do not mean...

It is very difficult to make out exactly what is

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happening on the British lines Tho only thing that emerges from our daily rations of " compressed fodder" provided by G.H.Q. in France is that there has been a good deal of...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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W E have dealt elsewhere with the battle of Verdun. Here it is only necessesy to say that the latest news shows that • the German attacks grow daily more desperate. The...

So much for general considerations. It would appear from telegrams

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in Thursday's papers that the new attack which began last Sunday, and which is going on as we write, is probably the fiercest yet set in motion. In this frenzied assault five...

On Tuesday came the somewhat sensational news from the Balkans

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that the Bulgarians had seized certain positions on the Greek side of the frontier and had expelled the Greek troops occupy. ing them, in one place with a small amount of...

*** The Editor cannot undertake to rdurn Manuscript in any

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case.

. TO OUR READERS'.—One of the chief ways in which

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our readers can help us to meet the Paper Famine is by informing the Newsagents, Booksellers, or Railway Bookstalls front which they are accustomed to purchase .their paper that...

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It. was a good sign, at the outset of an

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undertaking of which no one san hide the intense difficulty, that the whole House received Mr. Asquith's statement with generous cordiality. There was no desire to thwart his...

In the Lords on Tuesday Lord Kitchener, answering appeals that

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the Volunteer Training Corps should be used seriously, expressed first his high appreciation of the gallant service rendered by the V.T.C. in Dublin during the revolt. The War...

We shall not trouble about the rest of the attacks

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upon Lord Kitchener, for they were of little practical value, but we must not close our account of the debate without mentioning that at the end Mr. Tennant announced that Lord...

Let any one who is inclined to condemn Lord Kitchener

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wholesale' stop for a moment and consider how infinitely more difficult his task was than the task of the French or the German Minister of War. In both these cases the male...

That, in our opinion, is a sound defence. Lord Kitchener

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has literally worked miracles in raising, equipping, and training men, and, as the Prime Minister pointed out, in doing this so quickly and with so extraordinarily small an...

In the House of Commons on Thursday week Mr. Asquith

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de- scribed how Mr. Lloyd George, " at the unanimous request of his colleagues," had undertaken to try to bring about a settlement between the Irish parties. He led up to his...

In the House of Commons on Monday Mr. McKenna proposed

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to charge an extra Income Tax of 2s. in the pound on American securities which the owners have not sold or lent to the Treasury. This additional tax will not be subject to any...

We give below a precis of the Parliamentary proceedings connected

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with Mr. Lloyd George's mediation in Irish affairs. Here we can only say, as we said last week, that we trust a miracle will take place, and that he may be able to bring all...

In the House of Commons on Tuesday there was a

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discussion on the new Army Order about conscientious objectors. The usual supporters of the objectors welcomed it on the whole, and only expressed misgiving that it might not be...

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" Papers relating to Major-General C. V. F. Townshend's Appre-

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ciation of the Position after the Battle of Kut-el-Amara " were issued on Monday as a White Paper. It appears that General Townshend on October 3rd, 1915, expressed the opinion...

The whole evidence before the Commission proves that the policy

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of indulgence and kindness was carried even further than we had supposed, though we gave it credit for having gone further than any similar policy that we ever heard of. Yet...

On Friday week Mr. Lloyd George conferred' with engineering and

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shipbuilding employers from the Clyde and the Tyne on the subject of dispensing with the Whitsuntide holiday. Trade tnion representatives were unfortunately prevented by other...

Of course if invasion and embodiment took place and the

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Volun- teer became not a part-timer but a real whole-time soldier, his civil vocation must cease. But that does not matter, because in almost every case it would cease...

On Friday week General Friend and Mr. Campbell, the Irish

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Attorney-General, were the most important witnesses before the Commission. General Friend, who commanded in Ireland till General Maxwell arrived during the revolt, said that on...

Altogether, the despatch is worthy of a great General and

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a great Army. The last paragraph shows how a generous courtesy is as much now as in old days the tradition of the British Army :— " I cannot close this Despatch without some...

The Commission inquiring into the Irish revolt held their first

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sitting. in Dublin on Thursday week. Sir Neville Chamberlain, head of the Royal Irish Constabulary, and Chief Commissioner Johnson, head of the Dublin Metropolitan Police,...

On Tuesday was published the first despatch written by Sir

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Douglas Haig since he became Commander-in-Chief of the British Forces in France. Unfortunately we have not space to give, as we should like, a full summary of this remarkable...

On Monday he addressed the Trade Union representativs& and it

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was unanimously agreed to recommend a postponement of the holiday. This shows a fine spirit on the part of the men, who have worked very hard, but we expected nothing else. On...

We cannot help regretting the effect of Lord Kitchener's speech

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in regard to the Volunteers. We venture with all respect to say that, owing no doubt to the tremendous pressure upon his time, he has not fully realized the nature of the...

Bank Rate, 5 per cent., changed from 6 p.c. Aug.

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8th, 1914.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE BATTLE OF VERDUN. ITERDUN is destined to give its name to one of the g reatest battles in history. Already the tides of comb at have ebbed and flowed on both banks of the...

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THE FIRST FIVE MILLIONS.

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rr HE title we have chosen for this article may seem a vainglorious boast, but we do not think that it really suggests more than the British people of these islands and over the...

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THE NEW HOLY ALLIANCE.

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IF President Wilson were to do us the honour of reading what we have written so far, we presume that he would tell us that his complaint against the Allies, or perhaps we should...

PRESIDENT WILSON AND THE LESSONS OF HISTORY.

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T ORD CROMER in his letter to Wednesday's Times has done President Wilson and the American Govern- ment a great service by his plain speaking on the President's recent speech at...

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THE COMMUNION OF NATIONS. T HE visit of the French Professors

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to the English Univer- sities, to be followed later, we note with pleasure, by a flying visit to Scotland, is an excellent step towards promoting that closer communion with our...

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A SCHOLAR'S LETTERS FROM THE FRONT. • and that to

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that extent their death is the better worth while. If the scholar-soldier has written letters telling us of his thoughts and , motives in the time of great atlases, he leaves...

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THE HIGHER INDIFFERENCE.

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T HERE is a sense in which we must all, in self-defence, cultivate indifference. Some indifference, both intellectual and emotional, is part of the necessary armour of the man...

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CORRESPONDENCE.

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REMINISCENCES OF THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR.—I. [TO THE EDITOR OF TEE " SPECTATOR."] Sra,—It has been represented to me that it might be of interest to some of your readers, both...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR..

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THE ORGANIZATION OF THE VOLUNTEER TRAINING CORPS. [To THE Berm or " SPECTATOIL1 Snt,—The Volunteers have been organized as follows. The Central Association superintends and...

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AN AMERICAN WAR LEGION.

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[TO THE EDITOR 07 THE "SPECTATOR.") SIR t —Herewith news-cutting from the Victoria . Daily Colonist o B.C., Canada, re the " American " Infantry Brigade now being raised in...

DR. WHITE OF PHILADELPHIA.

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.”1 SIR,— A great American surgeon, James William White, the Philadel- phian, died on April 24th last in his house on the old Rittenhouse...

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CAN THE OTHER WAR BE AVOIDED ?

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. ") Sr,—For a few years prior to August, 1914, probably most ordinary people were vaguely apprehensive of two possible calamities that might...

SHOULD CYPRUS BE CEDED ? (To THE EDITOR OP THE

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" SPECTATOR:1 Siu,—Although the recent attempt of the British Government to hand over Cyprus to the Greeks, to induce them to do what it was their duty and interest to do, was,...

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MONTAIGNE AND GERMAN DRUNKENNESS.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.") Sin,—In Montaigne's chapter on drunkenness, the second in the second book of the Easels, there is an odd misquotation from JuvenaL The...

[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR, —With a few

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noteworthy exceptions, it is an astonishing fact that - in the appeals made to the nation by Governmental officials, by those who hold influential positions, and by the Press...

THE NATIONALIZATION OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. [To THE EDITOR OP

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TITI " SPECTATOR.") you insert a letter, as short as I can make it, from an employer and business man who has been for more than fifty years a student of the drink question ? I...

THE TREATMENT OF GERMAN PRISONERS. [To THR EDITOR OP THE

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" SPECTATOR:1 Sts,—To misstate your opponent's case and then to reply to your own misstatement is a favourite Radical and Free Trader's method of argu- ment. Thus, we have in...

GERMAN " KULi Let " AND THE "SPECTATOR"—FORTY-FIVE YEARS SINCE.

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[TO THE EDITOR OP HE " SPECTATOR.") Sit,—Turning over the files of your paper for 1871, I came upon an article on the Kaiser's first speech to the United Parliament of Germany...

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NATIONAL YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. [TO THE EDITOR 01 TER

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"srsoraros."1 Sta,—Two weeks ago you were kind enough to allow me the use of your columns to make an appeal on behalf of the Y.W.C.A. work for women war workers. I feel impelled...

MARLBOROUGH COLLEGE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF TEl "SPECTATOR."' SLR,—Many an old boy must, like myself (an alumnus of close on sixty years ago) yearn to thank " G." for his charming lines on Marlborough...

OFFICERS' SERVANTS

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR-1 SLR,—Mr. Winston Churchill's argument re the two hundred thousand officers' servants who should be available for the firing line on the face...

SECRET DIPLOMACY.

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[TO THE EDITOR 01 THE " SPECTATOR"' Snt,—The following passage, taken from Gardiner's History of as Commonwealth and Protectorate, and describing Cromwell's negotiations with De...

GERMANY AND SHAKESPEARE.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTLTOR."1 SLR,--In the Spectator of May 13th, in commenting, under " News of the Week," upon the recent German reply to the previous American Note,...

THE LATE MRS. EDWARD CAIRD.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF TIM " SPECTATOE.1 Sia,—So many have been deeply impressed by the vivid personality of Mrs. Edward Caird that at this time it seems of interest to chronicle one...

" SORTES SHAKESPEARIANAE." [To THE EDITOR 07 TEl “sraersses."1

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Sra,—To the Archbishop of Dublin's list we may well add the following DAYLIGHT SAVING Aar. " There is some soul of goodness in things evil, Would men observingly distil it...

WOMEN AND THE LAND.

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[TO THE EDITOR 07 THE "SPECTATOR.1 Sra,—Living in a village, I see the need for woman's work on the land, now that the labour market for men is so much depleted. I have not...

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POETRY.

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FRERE JACQUES. ("One of these listening posts, the most advanced of Gem, Is occupied by a 'tidier who, in ordinary life, was a monk. . lie was ones isolated during three days....

SIR LEO CHIOZZA MONEY'S WRITINGS.

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(To THE EDITOR OF TnE " SPECTATOR."' -sDr. J. C. Stamp, the author of the valuable book, British Incomes and Property, with whom I am personally unacquainted, has kindly...

BOOKS.

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ARISTODEMOCRACY.' Sin CHARLES WALDSTEIN does not anywhere define precisely what he means by the composite word Aristodemocracy, which he has chosen as the title for an...

NOTICE.—When "Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are :narked " Communi- cated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode...

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AM: ICAN muAr_ox HISTORY.* IN the small hook before us

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General Leonard Wood, who would doubtless command the American Army if war were forced upon the United States, carries on his earnest campaign against his country's...

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RECENT VERSE.*

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LAST week we dealt with our warrior poets. To-day we deal with the verse of the unarmed Muses—though here too the war has left its sad, if hallowing, glow of passion on...

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REFORMATION AND COUNTER–REFORMATION.* A PROFESSOR of History is usually inclined

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to equip anything that he publishes on his own subject with a considerable apparatus of preface and appendices. Professor Hulmo has none of them. He does not tell us whether his...

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FICTION.

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THE POWER HOUSE.j - Mn. BUCHAN'S new venture is, in one sense, a deviation from the norm. As a rule, when a writer of fiction, whether a novice or not, scores a resounding...

Virgirs " Gathering of the Clans." By W. Wardo Fowler.

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(Black- well. 3s. Od. net.)—There must be others who, like Dr. Warde Fowler, seek in evil days some distraction in great poetry which by its merits and associations can grip and...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in this colunan does not necessarili preclude sukequent review.) Bernhardi and Creation. By Sir J. Crichton-Browne. (MaeLehose and Sons. Is. net.)—In this published...

READABLE NOVELS.—The Dride of the Sun. By Gaston Le Roux.

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(Hodder and Stoughton. Os'.)—The scene pastes in Peru, where the unfortunate heroine gods through a series of exciting adventures at the hands of the descendants of the...

A CHAPTER fl THE HISTORY OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY.*

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THE rebellion of Captain Keigwin was a stirring chapter in the annals of the East India Company, and in retelling the story the authors of this book have added to historic...

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The Neutral Merchant in Relation to the Law of Contraband

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of War and Blockade. By Sir Francis Piggott,. (University of London Press. 2s. 6d. net.)—It is satisfactory that these articles have been reprinted from the Nineteenth Century,...

Croekford's Clerical Directory, 1918-17. (The Field and Queen. 20s.) —The

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current Crockford has reached us, an invaluable volume for reference in its sphere. We see many times in the place of an address or usual cure the words " British Expeditionary...

An Illustrated Selection of the Principal Exhibits of the Loan

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Exhibition of Antiques, Coronation Durbar, 1911. (The Archaeological Survey of India. Rs. 20 or 30s.)—Eastern Malatestas and Sforzas painted with almost the subtle refinement of...

The Blackest Page of Modern History. By H. R. Gibbons.

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(G. P. Putnam's Sons. 3s. ficl. net.)—Dr. Gibbons is entitled to write with authority upon the massacres of Armenians, for " their blood was spilt before his eyes in Adana," and...