Papers Relating to the Army of the Solemn League and
Covenant. Edited by C. S. Terry. 2 vols. (Edinburgh : T. and A. Constable, for the Scottish History Society.)—Professor Sanford Terry has done a service in editing the accounts of the Commissary-General of the Scottish Army which entered England in January, 1644, to co.roperate with the Army of the Parliament against Charles I. The documents themselves are severely technical, but, rightly in• terpreted, throw much light on the organization of Leven's forces. In his Introduction the editor is able to give a revised staff and regimental list of Leven's main army of about twenty-one thousand men, and of the reinforcements of about seven thousand men that were sent under Callender in June, 1644. Professor Sanford Terry also describes concisely the discipline, finance, arms, clothing, and commissariat of the force, so that his essay is a useful supplement to Professor Firth's well-known book on Cromwell's Army. The Scottish Army was very strong in artillery but very weak in trans- port, so that its slowness of movement is easily explained. At the siege of Hereford in August, 1645, the Scots were for ten days without bread. The English subsidies were not paid regularly, and the Scottish troops, unable to buy food on credit, took what they wanted from the country people. The accounts include long lists of the Scottish " malignants " fined in heavy .sums for the maintenance of the Covenanting Army in England.
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