The Northern commanders are all speaking fair to 'foreigners, but
it need not be thought that. the defeat of the Cantonese would be an advantage either for China or for foreigners. Chang Tso-lin was a brigand in his youth and, in spite of his dazzling career in Manchuria and his present control of the Northern scat of Government, the brigandish side of his career is never far below the surface. Chang Tsung-ehang, who as Governor of Shantung is, of course, the subordinate and dependant of Chang Tso-lin, is also an ex-brigand. In 1925 Chang Tsung- ehang was occupying Shanghai in the interests of his master, but he was expelled by Sun Chuan-fang, who is a professional soldier. The troops of Chang Tsung- ehang are known as ferocious marauders and Shanghai was very glad to sec the last of them.