18 OCTOBER 1935

Page 1

Quiet at the Front On the military side Aksum has

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fallen after an envelop- ing movement and with little fighting. The place is of no great importance and is only thirteen miles from Adowa, but it is a stepping-stone towards the...

NEWS OF THE WEEK

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T HE diplomatic aspect of the Italo-Abyssinian conflict is in some respects as obscure as the military. At Geneva the process of reaching agreement on the practical application...

OFFICES : 99 Gower St., London, W.C. 1. Tel.: brusEunt

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1721. Entered as second-class Mail Matter at the New York, N.Y. Post Office, bee. 23rd, 1898. Postal subscription 30s. per annum, to any part of the world. Postage on this issue...

• All this is definite enough so far as it

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goes. But the negotiations in which M. Laval appears to have been engaging in Paris are enveloped in a very fog of mis- conception and unverified rumour. Determined to evade a...

Page 2

Canada's Verdict The Canadian election results have confounded all prophets.

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Hardly less astonishing than the capture by the Liberals of 174 seats out of 250 is the achievement of the Reconstruction Party constructed by Mr. H. H. Stevens out of dissident...

The South Wales Strike Threat The dangerous situation that has

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arisen in South Wales in the past week has been eased at the last moment by the decision of the Nine Mile Point Colliery owners to close the pits " indefinitely," which means...

The Greek Monarchy It is no longer profitable to consider

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whether the people of Greece would have voted for the restoration of the monarchy if the decision had been delayed, as the late Premier, M. Tsaldaris, wished, till a plebiscite...

The High Tariff Peril The speeches broadcast by Mr. Cordell

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Hull from Washington and Sir Samuel. Hoare from London on Tuesday form notable contributions to the discussions stimulated by the Foreign Secretary's Geneva speech on the...

Mr. Mackenzie King's explanation of the causes of his victory

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may be accepted. He challenged primarily Mr. Bennett's dictatorial methods and revived against him with devastating force the Conservative leader's claims at the last election...

Page 3

The Dockers' Wage London dockers have long been negotiating through

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a joint sub-committee of the employers and the unions for an improvement in their rates of pay, and agreement has now been reached, for the full restoration of the cuts...

Can the Anglo-Irish Dispute be Settled 7 In once again

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urging a business-like- settlement of the Anglo-Irish dispute last Saturday Mr. Cosgrave was perfectly right in saying that the goodwill of the Irish Free State was worth a...

Oil from Coal The opening of the big hydrogenation plant

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for the production of petrol from coal at Billingham on Tuesday marks the success of years of intensive research and costly experiment undertaken by Imperial Chemical...

The War on Noise . A committee of the Ministry

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of . Health which has been investigating the noise of road vehicles finds that the noise emitted by vehicles can be measured and expressed in terms of units known as " phons."...

The Nation's Health The signature of Sir George Newman which

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has appeared on so many reports of the Chief Medical Officer of the Ministry of Health is now succeeded by that of the new chief officer, Dr. Arthur MacNalty. For the first...

The Problem of Abortion The National Council of Women dealt

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in the right way On Tuesday with the difficult question of abortion. That the present position is utterly unsatisfactory no one ean question. Deaths fromillegal abortion 'are...

Page 4

THE GOVERNMENT AND THE ELECTION

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T HE official case for a November General Election —an election which has, so far, been merely assumed without being announced—must be con- sidered to have been stated by...

Page 5

THE LIMITS OF LAND SETTLEMENT

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C. I T is illusory to suppose that agriculture offers a promising outlet for the absorption of unem- • Ployment." Such is the central conclusion of a report* based upon a...

Page 6

The freedom of newspapers in the matter of legitimate comment

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is so gravely restricted by the fear of libel proceedings—almost always expensive even if unsuc- Cessful—that it is satisfactory to note two cases which have been decided in...

It is a great pity that for reasons not stated

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Sir Austen Chamberlain is unable to accept the invitation to speak on British policy before a distinguished audience in Paris, though the outspoken interview he gave to the...

What the general feeling is among Roman Catholics regarding the

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Archbishop of Westminster's. references to the Pope and the war I have not discovered. With much of what he said about the Pope's difficulties there will be general sympathy....

A SPECTATOR'S NOTEBOOK

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THE Canadian election results seem to have astonished all the prophets except one, and that one never, so far as I know, expressed his full faith in public. But when he was in...

The actual number of votes east in the Daily Mail

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ballot on foreign policy—which the Observer described on Sunday as " a signal public service "—was, I have the best authority for stating, just over 70,000. Seventy thousand...

. It is astonishing how far Mr. Eden has been

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elevated into a symbol of all that is good or bad (according . to the point of view of the commentator) in British foreign policy. To the Italian Press and Mr. Garvin he is the...

Page 7

OCCASIONAL BIOGRAPHIES : XI. MR. MACKENZIE KING

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A NYONE who dined with the Prime Minister of Canada at his residence in Ottawa at any time between :1921 and 1930, and remembered that his full name was William Lyon Mackenzie...

Page 8

THE AWAKENING MIDDLE EAST : I. TURKEY

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By. MICHAEL LANGLEY T HE Anatolian peasant is the most important factor in Turkish national' life today. He and his Wife. it was only the townswomen who used to cover their...

Page 9

THE GROUP MOVEMENT : A VALUATION II

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By EBENEZER CUNNINGHAM. HE recent work of the Oxford Group in Geneva THE on September 0th in the Salle de la Re- formation, the original home of the Assembly of the League of...

Page 10

A CENTURY OF 46 LITTLE ARTHUR "

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By ROSE MACAULAY I T is exactly a century since Maria Callcott, that travelled, virtuous, religious, but invalided lady, published Little Arthur's History of England, a work...

Page 11

FROM MACHIAVELLI TO MUSSOLINI

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By J. L. HAMMOND I T is an interesting and encouraging commentary on human nature that the word Machiavellian has alw ays had a sinister sound. The pessimist looking at history...

Page 12

THE BEGGAR'S BOWL

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By RANJEE G. SHAHANI A N old peasant stood in front of a stable, a soiled red cloth folded like a turban about his bullet head. His face was like that of a penguin, in which...

Page 13

The New Anadyornene

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THE menace in the coming clouds Thwarting of sun, the livid anger Appearing illurninant,.the falling danger, The iron boulder, the flying hurricane Following deftly, these, the...

MARGINAL COMIVIENTS

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By SALLY GRAVES A N American investigator recently produced a boOk which shook plain effipiricists' like myself. But the topic of extra-sensory perception becathe a generat one...

Page 14

The Cinema

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"A Midsummer Night's Dream." At the Adelphi I , SOMETIMES wonder whether film reviewers are taken quite seriously enough. Criticism, of course, may not be quite in our line,....

STAGE AND SCREEN The Theatre

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.. , The Black Eye." By James Bridie. At the Shaftesbury Mn. BIOME describes his latest play, aptly, as a novelette in dialogue. In its plot, its wholesale reversal of the laws...

Page 15

Art

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Rouault GEORGES ROUAULT was born in Paris during the Commune, when the shells were falling so dangerously in the district that his mother had to be taken down to the cellar of...

Dichterdimmerung

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[Von einem Deutschen Korrespondenten] DIE deutschen Dichter sind in Not. Es geht den schrift- stellernden Propagandistcn des Dritten Reiches weder materiell noch ideell gut. Sie...

Page 16

Migration Island The island is becoming or has become a

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sort of headquarters of bird observation. It has been visited by pilgrims from most European countries, among them that eager and skilful ornithologist, King Ferdinand, late of...

COUNTRY LIFE .

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House or Haystack? We continually see, not without regret, the farm house become the dwelling house, the homestead that was productive become the ornamental home, perhaps of an...

County Crafts.

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Surveys of local crafts have for some while been an integral part of the work of the Rural Industries Bureau (6 Bayley Street, W.C. 1) ; and the East and West Ridings of...

Nature Photography If anyone wants aid in the identification of

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birds let him go to the exhibit of natural history photographs opened at the South Kensington Museum on Wednesday and to remain open till the end , of November. Not only are the...

English Orioles

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A detailed, even appearance of two There is no reason an exciting account, reaches me of the golden orioles in the south of Dorset. to doubt the evidence. The bird is so common...

The Skokholm Cage • Birdlovers, especially students of migration, will

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be interested in some further particulars of the great bird observation cage which has now been built on Skokhohn thanks to the generosity of readers of The Spectator. The great...

*

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Wind v. Leaf In the neighbourhood of this old stack, shaped to conform to the new house, I saw relies of the September gales to which there is no parallel inland. The south and...

Page 17

ITALY AND THE LEAGUE

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Many statements are being published relative to the breaking of Treaties by Italy. FeW people seem inclined to admit that the League of...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

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[Correspondents are requested to keep their Fellers as brief as is reasonably possible. The most suitable length is that of one of our " Ne7114 of the Week " paragraphs. Signed...

Page 18

SENTIMENTAL JUSTICE

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Stone are unduly " nervy " about the position of juvenile delinquency in Britain. The latter, looking gloomily at Juvenile Courts robbed of terror, pleads for return to...

A FOOTNOTE TO " RASSELAS "

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—There are lately come to these regions some men of Abyssinia, the country of Prince Rasselas whose travels were philosophically...

AUSTRIA AND SANCTIONS [To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.).

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Sin,—In your issues of September 1st, 1933, and January 26th, 1934, you were good enough to publish two letters from rue, in which I urged that the attempt on the part of...

THE SOUTH WALES COAL-FIELD

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[To the Editor of DIE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I have read with great interest the article in your issue of September 18th, by Mr. A. N. Gilkes. South Wales miners are well used to...

Page 19

THE GERMAN INTELLECTUALS

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[To the Editor of Tan SPECTATOR.] Snt,—While fully appreciating the lucidity with which your correspondent outlines the complex problem of the German intellectuals, may I...

OTTER HUNTING

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[To the Editor of TEE SPECTATOR.] • Sin, — The Spectator has always upheld the cause of animals. Will it allow me a word now on behalf of the unfortunate otter—a creature...

Page 20

" THE SPECTATOR " IN RHODESIA [To' the Editor of

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THE SPECTATOR .1 SIR,—The following incident which took place early this week seems good enough to place on record. Our native hospital nurse, an intelligent woman who can...

SEA-BIRDS AND OIL

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Sin,—With reference to the letter of Miss Edith Slater, in which she so kindly advises the correct method of removing tar-oil from...

THE GROUP THEATRE [To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Sin,—I

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feel no doubt that inudi of Mr. Derek Versehoyle's criticism of the Group Theatre's production of W. H. Auden's Dance of Death, which appeared in the last issue of The...

A Hundred- Years Ago

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" THE SPECTATOR,", OCTOBER 17TH, 1835, THE account of the Revenue, for the year and quarter ending on the 10th instant., exhibits a decrease of 1,084,0001. on the former, as...

ROMAN CATHOLICS AND THE WOOLSACK [To the Editor of THE

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SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In your issue of October 11th the " News of the Week " paragraph headed " High Court Changes," states that Mr. Wilfred Greene could not, as a Roman Catholic,...

DWIGHT MORROW

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Sin,—I should like to be clear as to what the late Dwight Morrow did achieve as an Ambassador. Sir Arthur Salter, in reviewing Mr....

Page 21

Religion and Science

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By the VERY REV. W. R. INGE LORD RUSSELL is a formidable controversialist, and in this book he deals, as we might expect, shrewd blows at those • who still think that the...

Page 22

Eighteenth-Century Cambridge

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Unreformed Cambridge. By D. A. Winstanley. (Cambridge University Press. I 68.) IT was a Professor of. old-time Oxford, I think, and not of the sister University, who, when asked...

Page 23

The Byronic Mystery

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Byron : The Years of Fame. By Peter Quennoll. (Faber and Faber.. les.) Ma. QUENNELL has written a book which is worthy to be set beside Mr. Harold Nieolson's Byron, the Last...

Page 24

" Charles--Swann

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King Lehr and the Gilded Age. By Elizabeth Drexel Lehr. (Constable. 12s.) " Mosx fitting to begin our story with the simple statement that I was born Elizabeth Drexel;" most...

Page 26

The Second Lord Halifax

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Viscount Halifax : Part I. 18391885. By 3. G. Lockhart: ' (Geoffrey Bios. 12s. 6d.) Viscount Halifax : Part I. 18391885. By 3. G. Lockhart: ' (Geoffrey Bios. 12s. 6d.) THERE can...

Mary Stuart and Mary Tudor

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YET another bio g raphy of the much bio g raphized Queen of Scots, another life of Mary Tudor, of whom several lives have appeared in recent years : one may well wonder what...

Page 28

Holy Beards

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IT is not long since the publication' of a book about Mount Athos by a Greek-American, and another is expected soon from the'pen of an English scholar and traveller. Meanwhile...

Page 30

The Waterworks

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Roughage. By Daniol George. (Samson Press. 3s.) Fieldfaring. . By Stanley Snaith. (Nelson. t 2s. 6d.) Ix the nineteen pages of Mr. George's short pamphlet there is much to...

Page 32

The Coming of the Superman

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Odd John. By Olaf Stapledon. (14Iethuen. 7s. 43d.) . To understand this story of the coming of the superman, it is necessary, first, to suppose that living organisms are the...

Page 36

Fiction

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By SEAN O'FAOLAIN River Niger. By Simon Jetty. (Boriswood. 7s. ad.) A .Murder. Makes a Man is an extraordinarily puzzling book. It is offered by the 'Publishers .. .. as a...

Page 37

Current Travel News

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Round Voyages Prs equable climate no doubt provides the principal reason why New Zealand attracts so many visitors during our winter months, but it is only partly that which...

Page 38

THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY-OF MONTAIGNE

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Selected by M. Lowenthal , One opens with deep misgivings Mr. Lowenthal's book, The • Autobiography of Montaigne (Routledge, 10s. 6d.). The idea of an Everyman's...

Current Literature

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PAUL etZANNE By Gerstle Mack At last someone has taken the trouble to collect all the known facts about Cezanne's life and put them together into a .single biography. Mr. Mack...

ALDOUS HUXLEY By Alexander Henderson

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Mr. Alexander Henderson's study of Mr. Aldous Huxley (Chatto and Windus, 7s. 6d.) will be more valuable to those who are unfamiliar with Mr. Huxley's work than to those who are...

Page 41

New Cars at Olympia

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BY JOHN PRIOLEAU A " Barker " Saloon limousine on a Roils•Royee Phantom 111. Chassis T HERE is no doubt that the Motor Show of 1986 is a really interesting one. Decided...

Page 43

Family Cars for Moderate Incomes

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T HE new ears for the' very large family or family owners are certainly attractive. Taking a useful Maximum price of £800 with a mini- mum of say £200, there are the three...

Page 45

Higher-priced and Lower-priced Models H IGHER in the price scale, par-,

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ticularly in that difficult £600- £900 category, the choice, never very great, is perhaps a little wider this year th t an last, although the abs'enee of one or two foreign...

Page 48

Better Coachwork

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T HERE is a great deal of satisfaction for the eye as well as for the rest of one's body in the new coachwork at the Show. I do not remember any better display at Olympia and...

Page 50

Modern Gadgets I T used to be a truism to say

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that the best part of any motor show was the accessories gallery, and that looking for extra gadgets to put on the new ear was better than buying the finished article. I think...

Page 52

Finance

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Political and Economic Unrest—If I REFERRED last week to the very general sense mani- fested at the gathering of bankers at the Mansion House on October 1st, of the close...

Page 54

GOOD TRADE FIGURES.

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Meanwhile the Trade Returns for the month of September were fairly encouraging, imports showing a considerable increase, and while the itdvance in exports was quite moderate it...

Financial Notes

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Rl d SE IN COMMODITIES THE Stock Markets on the whole have shown considerable resisting power both to the outbreak of war in Abyssinia and to the prospect of the early...

Page 55

A NEW FIXED TRUST.

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• One of the latest of the new Fixed Trusts which has recently Seen the daylight is entitled British Keystone Securities . Trust. it has been brought out by the British...

BANKING IN SOUTH AMERICA.

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The latest accounts of the Anglo-South American Bank, covering the year ended June 30th last, shows that the Institution continues to suffer from the adverse tendency of the...

TEA AND RUBBER OUTLOOK.

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At last Tuesday's meeting of shareholders of Harrisons and Crosfield, the Chairman, Mr. H. Eric Miller, made some interesti ng and instructive comments both on the Tea and R...

SOLUTION TO CROSSWORD NO. 159

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e s B IT' HI A . T . I t ri DIM VI Al ClUI LTIMIAI GINI GI P El TI E RINII I TI YI01 FIG 10 RI AI B-riDi LiTINITILI BIT BIG' 1217I El TI I GIFU Al SIB T I I RI EIIRI 01 C...

RANKS ' PROFITS.

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The annual report of Ranks, Limited, covering the year ended June 29th last, makes an excellent showing. After deducting income tax, the profit for the year was 1575,248: T he...

"The Spectator" Crossword No. 16o

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13Y ZERO [A prize of one guinea will be g iven to the sender of the first eorreet solution of this week's crossword pv,z,dc to be Rimmed. Envelopes should be marked Crossword...