5 OCTOBER 1907

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BOOKS.

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JENA AND AUERSTADT : A CATASTROPHE AND A WARNING.* THIS record of a tragedy without parallel in modern times is earnestly recommended by its illustrious sponsor to all British...

Titterarp Ouppinvirnt.

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LONDON : OCTOBER 5th, 1907.

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THE ENGLISH PEASANTRY AND THE ENCLOSITRE OF COMMON FIELDS.*

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MR. SLATER'S theme is one of great antiquarian and economic interest, and his industry has been long-continued (since 1894) and minute. With some perversity, however, as it...

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BIRDS AND BIRD PROBLEMS.* MR. FINN . has done his book

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an injustice by the selection of a title which suggests that it treats Nature from the standpoint of the travelling showman, and appeals to the purely irrational kind of...

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EDUCATION AND NATIONAL PROGRESS.* Ma. FIALDANE'S brief introduction to Sir

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Norman Lockyer's extremely interesting volume of essays on national education strikes a deep note of warning which is not less needed now that our educational system is in full...

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C URRENT LITERAT (IRE.

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CAROLINE POETS. Minor Poets of the Caroline Period. Edited by George Saints- bury, M.A. Vol. II. (Clarendon Press. 10s. Gd. net.)—The second volume of Professor Saintsbury's...

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THE POLITICS OF PLATO AND ARISTOTLE.

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The Political Thought of Plato and Aristotle. By E. Barker, M.A. (Methuen and Co. 10s. 6d. net.)—This illuminating volume not only covers the whole ground of ancient Greek...

THE ART OF THE DRESDEN GALLERY.

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The Art of the Dresden Gallery : a Critical Survey of the Schools and Painters as Represented in the Royal Collection. By Julia de Wolf Addison. (George Bell and Sons. 6s....

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CONCEPTS OF PHILOSOPHY.

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Concepts of Philosophy. By Alexander Thomas Ormond, McCosh Professor of Philosophy in Princeton University. (Macmillan and Co. 17s. net.)—Professor Ormond covers in the seven...

WAR AND THE WORLD'S LIFE.

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War and the World's Life. By Colonel F. N. Maude, C.B. (Smith, Elder, and Co. 12s. 6d.)—Colonel Mande has chosen a comprehensive title for his latest book, and the contents...

THREE RECENT PLAYS.

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Scorn of Women. By Jack London. (Macmillan and Co. 5s. net.)—We have not hitherto met Mr. Jack London in the role of playwright, but we trust he will repeat the experiment. His...

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THE BALKANS AT CLOSE QUARTERS.

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An Observer in the Near East. (Eveleigh Nash. 16s.) — The author of this volume, who preserves his anonymity for reasons which he rightly says are obvious, has had the pleasure...

PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW.

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Psychology Applied to Legal Evidence and other Constructions of Law. By G. F. Arnold, I.C.S. (Thacker, Spink, and Co., Calcutta. 12s. net.)—Mr. G. F. Arnold, as an Indian...

SHAKESPEARE AND WATER.

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Shakespeare Studied in Six Plays. By the Hon. Albert S. G. Canning. (T. Fisher Unwin. 16s. net.) — These essays on Othello, Macbeth, King John, _Richard II., and the Falstaff...

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AN INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY.

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An Introduction to Philosophy. By George Stuart Fullerton. (Macmillan and Co. 7s. net.)—We have often wondered why no one has written an introduction to philosophy from the...

THE ETHICS OF SPINOZA.

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Spinoza: a Handbook to the Ethics. By J. Allanson Picton (A. Constable and Co. 5s. net.)—Mr. Picton is an ardent, if not altogether a judicious, admirer of the great Jewish...

srE OWEN RUNE'S "MEMORIES."

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Memories. By Major-General Sir Owen Tudor Burne, G.C.I.E. (E. Arnold. 15s. net.)—Sir Owen Burne has written a pleasant book of reminiscences. We wish that be had been content to...

SMALL HOLDINGS.

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To Colonise England. By C. F. G. Masterman, M.P., W. B. Hodgson, and others. (T. Fisher Unw in. 2s. 6d. net.) — The Colonisation of Scotland. By W. Sutherland. (D. J. Rider. Is....

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DIPLOMACY UNVEILED.

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The Foreign Office List and Diplomatic and Consular Year - Book for 1907. Edited by Godfrey E. P. Hertslet, of the Foreign Office. (Harrison and Sons. 10s. 6d.)—This...

AGRICULTURAL TEACHING.

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The Place of Rural Economy in a University Curriculum. By Professor William Somerville. (Clarendon Press. 1s. net.)— There are several interesting points in this lecture of the...

SIR GEORGE STOKES.

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Memoir and Scientific Correspondence of the late Sir George Gabriel Stokes, Bart., Sc.D., LL.D, D.C.L., Past Pres.R.S. Selected and Arranged by Joseph Larmor, D.Sc., LL.D.,...

ROTHIEMURCHUS.

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Rothiemurchus. By the Rev. Hugh Macmillan, D.D. (J. M. Dent and Co. 3s. 6d. net.)—" Of all the districts over- shadowed by the extensive Cairngorm range," writes the author of...

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REAL SOLDIERS OF FORTUNE

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Real Soldiers of Fortune. By Richard Harding Davis. (W. Heinemann. 6s.)—Mr. R. H. Davis's "real soldiers" are a curious selection. We wonder what Mr. Winston Churchill, now that...

THE BLIND SISTERS OF ST. PAUL.

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The Blind Sisters of St. Paul. By Maurice de la Sizeranne. Authorised Translation by L. M. Leggett. (Kegan Paul, Trench, and Co. 7s. 6d.)—This attractive book should interest a...

THE REGENT OF THE NETHERLANDS.

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The High and Puissant Princess Marguerite of Austria, Princess Dowager of Spain, Duchess Dowager of Savoy, Regent of the Netherlands. By Christopher Hare. Illustrated. (Harper...

ST. MATTHEW'S GOSPEL : A CRITICAL AND EXEGETICAL COMMENTARY.

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St. Matthew's Gospel : a Critical and Exegetical Commentary. By Willoughby C. Allen. (T. and T. Clark. 12s.)—This is a volume of the " International Critical Commentary." Such...

CAMBRIDGE FACSIMILE REPRINTS.

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The Abbaye of the Holy Ghost. Printed at Westminster by Wynkyn de Worde about the year 1496.—The Frere and the Boys. Printed at London in Fleet Street by Wynkyn de Words about...

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The Art of Bobbin Lace. By Louisa A. Tebbs. (Chapman

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and Hall. 5s.)-Miss Tebbs tells us in the introduction to this book that it "is intended as a practical help and instructor not only to those taking up Bobbin Lace as an...

THE "LOCAL COLOUR" OF SHAKESPEARE.

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Where Shakespeare Set his Stage. By Elise Lathrop. (T. Werner Laurie. 8s. 6d.)-At a time when the worship of Shakespeare is denounced as the worship of a superstition by no less...

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LONDON : Printed by Lays & MALCOMSON (Limited) at Nos.

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4 and 5 Dean Street, Holborn, W.C. ; and Published by Joint Balms for the "SPECTATOR " (Limited) at their Office, No. 1 Wellington Street, in the Precinct of the Savoy, Strand,...

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Sir Wilfrid Laurier, speaking to the Canadian Manufac- turers' Association

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on Thursday week, used some words which have attracted much attention. " Our diplomatic relations carried on by the British Government have not been so successful as we could...

On Wednesday Mr. Roosevelt reached St. Louis by river, and

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in his speech insisted upon the importance of using the waterways as a complement to the railways. The use of certain waterways ought to receive a new impulse from the Panama...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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N O definite announcement has yet been made as to the close of the Peace Conference, but it is clear that little of interest or value is to be expected from the remaining...

During his tour down the Mississippi River Mr. Roosevelt has

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again explained his attitude towards the Trusts. "Our Government," said Mr. Roosevelt, according to Reuter's report, " is a Government of liberty, but it is a Govern- ment of...

Mr. Taft, the American Secretary for War, arrived in Japan

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on Saturday last for a short visit on his way to the Philippines. The visit has been the signal for a remarkable and illogical outburst of gloomy forebodings in some American...

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IV The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

*prriator

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FOR THE [ REGISTEEED AS A. PRICE NEWSPAPER.. Br Posr...64n. POSTAGE ABROAD 2D. WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCTOBER 5, 1907.

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The Bishop of Norwich, the President of the Congress, delivered

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his address on Tuesday afternoon, and dealt with the subject of Disestablishment. He claimed to be able to deal impartially with the question, not only from his experi. ence as...

Mr. Keir Hardie, accompanied by Mr. J. Chowdhury, a Bengali

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barrister and leader of the Swadeshi movement, is travelling in Eastern Bengal, and, according to Reuter, has been using the most improper and inflammatory language. The...

But while Disestablishment would do much to further the interests

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of the Church viewed merely as a denomination, he was convinced that it would seriously injure the spiritual and moral interests of the nation. Cathedrals and Abbeys would...

The Church Congress opened on Tuesday at Great Yarmouth. Preaching

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at the parish church, the Archbishop of Canterbury dealt with the temptations which came from the modern spirit. The old persecuting days were past, and the danger was rather...

The Times of Friday prints a remarkable letter from Ahmed

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Djelaleddin Pasha, who for many years was the favourite of the Sultan of Turkey and his intimate counseller. Ahmed Pasha has lived in Egypt since he was discarded, and now...

The Times of Monday prints from its special correspondent a

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most interesting analysis of the situations in Newfoundland and British Columbia. Sir Robert Bond's Ministry, having removed the restrictions on the sale of fish to Americans,...

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Father George Tyrrell contributes two striking papers on "The Pope

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and Modernism " to the Times of Monday and Tuesday. Passing over the first, which deals with the controversial part of the Encyclical,. we must content our- selves with briefly...

The Bishop concluded his address by putting before his hearers

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three simple considerations concerning the union of Church and State :—(1) Establishment is only of value, and should only be maintained, if it is of real moral and spiritual...

After commenting on the unholy alliance between sceptic and scholastic

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against the prostrate defender of a via media, Father Tyrrell indicates the disastrous effect which the Encyclical will have on the prospects of Catholic Universities and of...

Lord Curzon publishes in Thursday's Times the result of his

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appeal, issued last May, for funds to meet the needs of Oxford. These needs are summarised under several heads :— 250,000 for the Bodleian, which requires more accommodation for...

Sir Edward Grey, speaking at Newcastle on Monday at the

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distribution of prizes to the 3rd Battalion Northumberland Volunteers, took occasion to make some sensible remarks on militarism. He hoped that the influence of the County...

The Government, we are glad to learn, have 'bought the

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estate of Inverliver, in Argyllshire, from Colonel Malcolm of Poltalloch, in order to convert it into a State forest. The estate has an area of nearly thirteen thousand acres....

The by-election in the Kirkdale Division of Liverpool caused by

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the death of Mr. Maclver resulted in the return of the Unionist candidate, the figures being :— Mr. C. McArthur (Unionist)... ... Mr. J. Hill (Labour) ... Unionist majority ......

Bank Rate, 4 } per cent., changed from 4 per cent.

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Aug, 15th. Console (21) were on Friday 82i—on Friday week 82j.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY

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• THE WORK OF THE HAGUE CONFERENCE. W HEN the present Hague Conference began its sittings we were sceptical about any effect it might have on the reduction of armaments, or...

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THE CRISIS OF THE AUSGLEICH. T HE serious crisis which has

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arisen in the relations of Austria and Hungary threatens us with the prospect of lively scenes when the two Parliaments meet for their autumn Session. The question at issue is...

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THELIMITS OF PATRIOTIC OBLIGATION. T HE recent visit to Switzerland of

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a Committee organised by the National Service League to study the Swiss Army has caused the appearance of several papers on the subject in British journals and reviews. Of...

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THE LATE GRAND DUKE OF BADEN.

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T HE Grand Duke of Baden, who passed away on Saturday last, was a most remarkable figure. Born a German Prince of one of the most ancient families in the Country—for the great...

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" BUDDYISM " AND " LEFT-CENTRE."

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A N analysis, as thoughtful as it is amusing, of the " social transformation " of Scottish Liberalism is contributed by Dr. William Wallace to the current number of the National...

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THE SOUL OF THE WORLD.

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M J. RIVIERE, Professor at the Ecole Superieure de • Theologie of Albi, has just published a second edition of his admirably arranged and instructive book, "Saint Justin et les...

POPLARS.

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O THER trees have uses, traditions, a certain homely indigenous habit. One accepts them as part of the scheme of life. With the oak, the pine, the elm, we have grown up and...

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CHARACTER AND PUBLIC LIFE.

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I N the speech which he made on Monday, when unveiling a picture of Mr. Thomas Burt at Newcastle, Sir Edward Grey pointed out some of the tests of character in public life. And...

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THE POLITICAL DANGER OF THE DAY.

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[TO THE EDITOR. OF THB " SP ECTATOIC] SIR,—The growth of political Socialism renders an apology unnecessary for troubling you on a matter which cannot be brought too...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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THE HOUSE OF LORDS. [To TIIB EDITOR OF TUN " SPZOTATOB, "] SIn,—Before me lies an article, evidently from a powerful and distinguished pen, on the question of the House of...

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ITO THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR. " ] too, am an

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old man, and I agree generally with your correspondent "Senex ". (Spectator, September 21st) on this subject. His fears may be a trifle exaggerated, but that is an error on the...

TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. " ] have read the letter

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of " Senex " in your issue of September 21st with interest and sympathy, but not with complete agreement. Is not " social " a good name ? " Christian Socialism " is due to F. D....

THE ADVANCE OF SOCIALISM.

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rTo THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR.'] SIR,—Many will have read with interest the letter of "Senex" in your issue of September 21st, with its note of alarm for our country's future...

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THE RAILWAY CRISIS.

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LTO THE EDITOR OF TUB "SPECTATOR."] SIR,—Perhaps you will courteously permit me, a Trade-Union official who is personally labouring under no grievance, to say that your...

REFORMS IN CHINA.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.'] SIR,—May I question the statement in your article of Septem- ber 21st on the progress of reform in China that " nothing good will ever happen...

CHRISTIANITY AND SOCIALISM.

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• I To THE EDITOII OW TUE "SPECTATOR...1 SIR, In the modern Socialist propaganda Christianity and Socialism are so frequently associated as correlative terms that I think it...

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BOOKS.

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SOLDIERS OF FORTUNE.* Bu a melancholy coincidence, Mr. Alexander Dines Shand died almost at the moment when this his latest book was published. His readers will regret that...

POETRY.

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BALLADE OF THE JOURNEY'S END. 'him far fair lands our feet have trod— The journey that was never done— The dreams that followed us golden shod— All mad adventure 'neath the...

UNWRITTEN HISTORY.

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!To Till EDITOR OF THE " SPROTATOR.1 Sin,—The interesting article on the lake village near Glaston- bury in your issue of September 14th has in it an incorrect assertion,...

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THE EDINBURGH OF SIR WALTER SCOTT.* No fuller or better

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picture of that brilliant half-century of life in Edinburgh which approximately lasted from the death of • Edinburgh under Sir Walter Scott. By Co. W. T. Fyfe. With an...

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THE THIRD VOLUME OF "CONTEMPORARY FRANCE." *

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M. HANOTAUX'S two former volumes, as his readers will remember, brought down the early history of the- Third Republic as far as the fall of the Duo de Broglie's Ministry in May,...

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THE MAGAZINES.

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THE Nineteenth Century is less topical than usual in its political articles, but is none the less readable on that account. The Duke of Argyll's article on "Fair Farms versus...

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NOVELS.

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MAJOR VIGOURE11%.* PARTICULARISM in fiction has its drawbacks as well as its advantages, and of the defects of its qualities we have had no lack of examples of recent years....

A Close Ring. By Miss Betham-Edwards. (J. W. Arrowsmith and

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Co., Bristol. 6s.)—Miss Betham-Edwards takes us over ground with which she has an unsurpassed familiarity. The " close ring" is a clan of Burgundian families, all related to...

Miss Mona. By Dorothy V. Horace Smith. (Methuen and Co,

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3s. 6d.)—This novel, if it can be called a novel, is not for all readers. It does not give dramatic situations, or even incidents, both things which may be reasonably demanded....

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Messrs. J. M. Dent and Co. have published another instalment

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—fifty volumes—of their " Everyman'e Library " (is. net per vol.) The choice seems to be very well made, not only for the acknowledged favourites which it gives, in excellent...

Journal of the Society of Comparative Legislation: New Series, XVIII.

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(John Murray. 5s. net.)—After personal notices of Lord Macnaghten and the late Lord Davey come nine articles on legal subjects. Among these aro " The Commune System in Austria,"...

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How Doss it Feel to be Old? By Edward Marston.

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(Sampson Low, Marston, and Co. Is. net.)—Mr. Marston discourses pleasantly on the feelings of old age. He has not much to complain of. His hearing—he is in his eighty-third...

Wild Life in Australia. By W. H. Dudley Le Sorra

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(Whit- combe and Tombs. 7s. 6d.)—Mr. Le Solid is the Director of the Zoological Gardens, Melbourne, and this book contains the story of several expeditions to different parts of...

READABLE Noom.s.—An English Girl. By Ford Maalox Hueffer. (Methuen and

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Co. 68..1—A tale of present-day life, with some vigorous sketches of society in England and the United States. -- Through Wintry Terrors. By Dora Sigerson Shorter. (Cassell and...

Punch Library of Humour. Edited by J. A. Hammerton. 25

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vols. (Carmelite House, B.C. £2 5s. 2d. cash.)—The plan of this republication of Punch, or rather of a selection from Punch—the sixty-six volumes would run into something like...

SOME BOOKS OF Til K WEEK.

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[Under this heading ice notice such Books of the week as have not been reserved for review in other formal In the series of " The Golden Poets," Edited by Oliphant Smeaton (T C....

Outline Lessons for Bands of Mercy. By C. E. Symonds.

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(Skeffington and Son. 2s. net.)—A few words of praise are due to this little book. Want of thought is the cause of much cruelty to animals, and here children are taught to...

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Messrs. Anthony Treherne and Co. send us The Dover Road,

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by Charles G. Harper (1s. 6d. net). It is one of a series of " Miniature Road Books " by a writer whose name is well known in connexion with the subject. It contains an account,...

ScRoor.-Books.—Decursus Primus, by T. G. Tucker, Litt.D. (Mac- millan and

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Co., 2s. 6d.), is a " First Latin Grammar with Exer- cises," the exercises being both Latin-English and English-Latin. —Dom Basilio, by Professor Schilling (F. Hodgson, 2s....

Electric-Power Users' Handbook. By P. Hunter-Brown. (Hoddor and Stoughton. 55.

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net.)—" The object of this book," we find in the preface, "is to help those who are in any way connected with electrical plant, but who have not had the benefit of a regular...

New EDITION8.—Santa Terca : her Life and Times. By Gabriella

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Cunninghame Graham. (Eveleigh Nash. 10s. 6d. net.) —The Ruined Abbeys of Yorkshire. By W. C. Lefroy. (Seeley and Co. 2s. net.)—An excellent little book, written in a most...

We may commend to those interested in the subject The

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O f ficial Report of the Second National Poultry Conference, Edited by Edward Brown (12 Hanover Square).