NAPOLEON I.* Ds. AUGUST FOURNIER'S biography was first published in 1885, and was immediately acknowledged to be a most valuable contribution to Napoleonic literature. It found...

LONDON: OCTOBER 7th, 1911.

in the throes of the great Tai-ping Rebellion. The most fertile and populous parts of the Empire had been laid waste. Huge areas had been almost depopulated. The outlook for the...

Ma. AUSTIN begins his Autobiography with a question: " Wh A t is egotism ? " It cannot, he thinks, " be the recital of what has happened to oneself, for we all do that every...

JOWETT, in the preface to his translation, commits himself to the sweeping assertion that Thucydides "stands absolutely alone among the historians, not only of Hellas but of the...

. . . the process of the distribution of productive energy over an ever-widening area of activity, the movement of capital which it primarily • a) An Economic Interpretation of...

the First Empire Marie Louise of Austria was the most incongruous figure. Yet, if rightly to be described as the victim of her father's • An Imperial Victim: Marie Louise,...

THE documents illustrative of English educational history which Mr. Leach has here collected cover a period of fourteen centuries. It will be interesting to see how they are...

IN the year 1877 Dr. Wace's name appeared, in conjunction with that of Dr. William Smith, on the title page of A Die- tionary of Christian Biography, in four volumes. We may be...

are the "conditions of well-building," and the definition is one which it would be hard to better. The quality of " delight " is not perhaps essential to building as distinct...

IT is more than thirty-five years since the first edition of the best of the histories of Eton was published, and here is the fourth. Sir Henry Maxwell Lyte, in his preface,...

AT a meeting of the Royal Statistical Society earlier in the year Mr. C. V. Sale read a paper on Japanese statistics, which has recently been reprinted. Statistics are not very...

AN HISTORICAL RELATION OF CEYLON. An Historical Relation of Ceylon. By Robert Knox. (James MacLehose and Sons, Glasgow. 12s. 6d. net.)--Robert Knox, born in 1641, took to his...

Lady Charlotte Schreiber's Journals. Edited by her Son, Montague J. Guest, with annotations by Egan Mew. 2 vols. (John Lane. 42s. net.)—This book is certain to interest...

The Oliphants of Gask. By E. Maxtone Graham. (J. Nisbet and Co. 21s. net.)—A very interesting story is this of the Oliphants of Gash. There is what may be called the public side...

In Famous Sea Fights (Methuen and Co. 6s. net) Mr. John R. Hale brings out by his selection of battles on sea some, points of importance. When he describes for us such fights as...

The Records Unrolled. By E. S. Buchanan, M.A. (John Ouseley. 2s. 6d. net.)—Mr. Buchanan is an energetic champion of the old Latin version as against the Vulgate and of the...

With Uncle Ham and His Family. By Mr. and Mrs. Grattan Grey. (Francis Griffiths. 6s. net.)—The authors of this volume are Australians who have already taken occasion to tell us...

History of France. Told to Boys and Girls by Mary Macgregor (T. C. and E. C. Jack. 7s. 6d. net.)—Miss Macgregor has accom- plished a difficult task with the success which her...

The Church of the Nativity at Bethlehem. By W. Harvey and Others. Edited by R. Weir Schultz. (B. T. Batsford. 30s. net.) —Mr. Harvey is responsible for the particular...

Letters to a Ministerial Son. By a "Man of the World." (James Clarke and Co. 2s. 6d. net.)—" Political preaching should be left to the politically established Church." Very...

net.)—We have no fault to find with Mr. Hart's choice, nor, in general, with his treatment of his subjects. Henry V.'s march from Harfieur to Calais should, we think, have more...

A Handbook of the Tsetse-Plies. By Ernest Edward Austen. With 10 Coloured Plates and Illustrations in the Text. (Printed by order of the Trustees of the British Museum. 5s....

English Dialects. By W. W. Skeat. (Cambridge University Press. ls. net.)—This little volume, one of the "Cambridge Manuals of Science and Literature," gives in a concentrated...

Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan. By E. Papinot, M.A. (Regan Paul, Trench and Co. 21s. net.)—The task of the reviewer is simplified by the declarations which we...

Pitman and Sons. '7s. net.)—This book, which comes from the other side of the Atlantic, tells us something about the past and much about the present condition of aerial...

Four volumes of " The Poetry of Life " Series, edited by William Henry Hudson (G. G. Harrap and Co.), are before us. The idea is to develop the connexion between a poet's work...

Spencer, Edited by Henry Tedder. (Williams and Norgate. 3s.) This volume is devoted to "Chinese," and the compilation and arrangement are the work of Mr. E. T. C. Warner, who...

R. Mowbray and Co. ls. 6d.)—There is no need to notice in detail the four "Addresses" which make up the contents of this volume. Past, present, and future are viewed from the...

Co. 3s. 6d. net.)-We cannot give any opinion on the theory set forth in this volume. We feel bound, however, to give some notice of it. Mr. Appelt writes from personal experi-...

who wants to know the actual working of eccle- siastical matters in Scotland cannot do better than read Dr. Mair's autobiography. He tells us of his parochial experience, and he...

by William Page, F.S.A. (Constable and Co., £1 lls. 6d. net each volume), we have Vol. IV. of Hampshire and the Isle of Wight. The volume is devoted to accounts of twenty...

County Printing Works, Drury Lane, W.C.; and Published by joint Beam% for the " SPEOTATOD," (Limited), at their Office, No. 1 Wellington Street, in the Precinct of the Savoy,...

weight of popular opinion, and Said Pasha succeeded Hakki Pasha as Grand Vizier. Said Pasha had great difficulty in forming a Ministry, and did not succeed till Wednesday....

Morocco was handed to the French Am- bassador in Berlin. All accounts agree that this reply brought the two countries much nearer to an agreement. On Tuesday the French...

on record in the order in which they happened. The period allowed by the Italian ultimatum to Turkey expired at 2.30 p.m. on Friday week, and since the Turkish reply to the...

T HERE is curiously little news to record of the war between Italy and Turkey, because the absence of serious naval strength on the side of the Turks has made it impossible for...

greatly to strengthen the Liberals. In the Chamber they now command 100 votes, the Conservatives, who lost 20 seats, and the Social Democrats, who won 10, each numbering 65. It...

Tripoli to the Powers. At half past three on the same afternoon the bombardment of Tripoli began, as the Turkish commander had refused to surrender. The Turkish fire from the...

by enduring the bombardment almost passively. Turkish movements at home have been marked by extra- ordinary restraint; evidently a policy of delay has been thought most likely...

LITERARY SUPPLEMENT.

ease.

No._ 4,345,] [REGISTERED A I PRICE 6n. POSTAGE ABROAD 2D.

opened at Carlisle on Monday. Mr. Bellamy, in his presidential address, alluded sympathetically, though guardedly, to the growth of the idea of the sympathetic strike and to the...

and of an eight-hour day on the railways. In this context we are glad to note the timely warning of the Westminster Gazette, which reminds us of the ready tool which...

services held in the morning the Bishop of London and the Bishop of Carlisle were the preachers. The former set himself to answer the question, Why has organized labour so...

on Thursday evening by the Executive Committee of the Associated Society of Locomotive Engineers and Firemen condemning the principle of the sympathetic strike, and expressing...

feeling terms to the death of Archdeacon Emery, the founder of the Congress, and dwelt on the need of dividing the diocese. Turning to questions affecting the Church as a whole,...

done by the Church in the past, maintained that it was the privilege and duty of every Churchman to take his share in the grand and blessed enterprise of cleansing the Church...

serious loss on the trade of the country, ended on Wednesday in a complete victory for the companies. The directors of the three Irish railway companies affected offered to...

papers and Quakerism " addressed to members of the Society of Friends by Sir Edward Fry. He sets forth the facts as to the ownership and character of the four papers concerned—...

spoke at length on our relations with Germany. Admitting the existence of ill-feeling, he declared that a war between England and Germany would be one of the greatest calamities...

Trust only shows that the evil has not been committed from the desire of personal gain. "But the moral and spiritual ruin, the poverty and crime that are produced remain the...

first instance of the Court of Criminal Appeal setting aside a conviction for murder. But the Court declared that the con- viction was set aside only for technical...

at the Free Trade Hall in Manchester on Tuesday night, said that during the last few weeks a great deed had been done for the Empire. But the battle of Empire had not been...

at Dundee on Tuesday night. After dealing with the situation on the Continent, he said that we had a full share of unrest in our own islands. Very few people realized how...

Gaudens, the American sculptor, and erected at the north end of Sackville Street, Dublin, opposite the Rotunda, was unveiled by Mr. John Redmond on Sunday in the presence of a...

Parliament Act in Tuesday's Times. The fatal vice of that Act, he insists, is not that it diminishes the power of the )House of Lords and virtually establishes Single-Chamber...

Sept. 21st. Consols (21) were on Friday 771—Friday week 771.

lith WAR. T HE Turco-Italian War provides a superlative example of the value of sea-power. By means of their ships the Italians are able to rail off, as it were, a certain area...

17 Nineteenth Century for this month opens with an trticle on the " Financial Difficulties of Home Rule," which fully confirms the view the Spectator has consist- ently taken,...

THE more enthusiastic Tariff Reformers are using the regult of the Canadian elections to try to press their cause rapidly forward. The Canadians are represented as more...

T HE labour unrest that has been so marked a feature of the summer which has just passed away is laving its counterpart in the Churches. It is natural and right that. this...

LAI RS. BYRON has made a very pretty book. It is an anthology of love songs (" The Garden of Love," Mry Byron : Hodder and Stoughton. 3s. Gd.), an offering to the "purblind...

H OW it got into the room was a mystery that has never been solved. It might have come down the chimney, or np through the floor; either mode of entrance would have been...

C ALAIS can never again be to English travellers on the Continent what it was to Sterne, to Wordsworth, to Thackeray—the pleasant threshold of a holiday abroad. It was with...

INDUSTRIAL PROBLEMS. [To ma Eaxms OF TES "SPECT1TOF:] 81n,—Your numerous correspondents have dealt so ably with the questions arising out of the recent strikes that I hesitate...

[To THY EDITOR OF THE " SPECTLTOR.1 Sra,—As an individual deeply interested in the wonderful problem of capital and labour I have read with much pleasure the letters in your...

[To THE EDITOR 011 . TEM "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—The evidence that has come by the disclosure of the Railway Inquiry Commission teaches a lesson it is well to ponder over. It is the...

[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] was going a railway journey some years ago with a well-known member of a well-known community of religious, and, as we tried to find room in...

rim " Si.zcrwToE."] Sra,—It may at the present moment be of some interest to remember the statement of that very capable naval strategist, the late Commander Rudolf von...

Sns,—In your article of last week you state that not only is the advocacy of the National Insurance Bill by the Chancellor of the Exchequer immoral, but also that many of the...

SPECTATOR." SIR,—Many of your readers may not be aware that the practice (illegal in England) of dishorning cattle with the saw is in Ireland allowed, or supposed to be...

[To ras EDITOR OF TIM " SPECTATOR.") Sin,—In your leader on "Pugilism and Colour" you speak as though a stand-up fight in the ring were no more objection- able than the dancing...

SPECTATOR.") SIR, —In Mr. Hollings's interesting letter about Jowett (Spectator, September 23rd) there is one point on which I cannot help differing from him. He speaks of...

[To TM EDITOR Or THE •' SPECTATOR. " ] Sts,—How comes it, pray, that the writer of an article headed " A Secret Service " in your issue of last Saturday can bring himself to say...

Sin,—The Cambridge Professor of Botany in 1740-41 quoted his friend Linnaeus as having described the felicity of the Laplanders of 1732 in the terms given below. It would be...

[To THE EDITOR Or THE "SPECTATOR " ] SITC,—It appears to me that the writer of the interesting article in last week's Spectator on " A Secret Service " has missed one...

[To THE EDITOR 07 THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—From the internal evidence of their pictures it is clear that Turner, Constable, Millet, to quote the first names which occur to me,...

[To TER EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR,—During this summer several house-martins built under the eaves of our house. One fine morning we found three slightly fledged youngsters...

[To TEE EDITOR or THE "SPECTATOR.`] SIB,—Your correspondent A. Bnlwer seems to be highly amused because the Italians, borrowing the English word " ride," in a special sense,...

[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR!' _I is the general opinion, I believe, that swallows and martins in building their nests bring little lumps of mud in their mouths, which...

[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR. "] SIR, —The Referendum League has been formed to promote the following aims :— (1) To obtain a means of ascertaining the real voice of the...

[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR, —I was much interested in your article on "Autumn Migrants " in the issue of September 23rd. May I, however, offer an alternative...

[To TEE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.1 SIR, I should be very grateful for an opportunity of bringing to the notice of any of your readers to whom it may be of interest an essay...

[To TEE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—Apropos of the interesting letters concerning wasps in your issue of September 30th, I should very much like to know if it is a general...

ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON.* Climax is an influence which the critical faculty can scarcely analyse, for the infinite variety of its expression prevents us from defining it, and we...

THE SECOND OF SEPTEMBER, 1792. BESIDE the red portal, Axe-smitten, he fell : And I deemed him immortal, Immortal as Hell ! Where the slain, by the stone, Made a slippery...

or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

and therefore delightful. We often wished as we read that Sir Edward Seymour bad told us more ; he continually leaves his reader unsatisfied merely touching great affairs with,...

work on the Norse influence in Celtic Scotland with a study of the survivals of primitive belief and custom among the Celts. He casts his net wide, for he includes Scotland,...

A VERY interesting seta of essays has justhesn.published. by Dr. Thomas Hodgkin, The Trial of our Faith. Seme of the papers are historical and some theological -or we should....

THERE is plenty of good reading in this book. Mr. Collins kept a diary, and a clever man who does this and at the same time goes about a great deal and sees famous people must...

records " in things sportive and things serious ; such in the railway line the surveyors, engineers, and bridge builders of the Grand Trunk Pacific may fairly claire to have...

THE English race is not likely to give up either its faith in the advance of civilization or the moral restraints which that faith involves. It is not likely to cease to believe...

WE deal in our leading columns with by far the most im- portant of the topical articles in the October Nineteenth Century—Mr. Edgar Crammond's masterly survey of the financial...

DAN RUSSEL THE FOX. "As a matter of fact," observes Ulick Adare to the heroine of Dan Russel the Fox, " there's no such thing in literature as a sporting novel. The two things...

Co. 6e.)—Mr. Putnam Weale describes a Mission in China, and does not surprise us by giving it a very unlovely aspect. The head of the Mission has good• qualities, but is fatally...

Rajah of Shivapet comes to England, and learns at Eton and Oxford English ways. He is called back to govern his native State, and takes with him as his secretary Ted Dersingham,...

[Under this heading we notice such Books of the seek as have tot Leon reeerved for reties:in other forms.] The Eschatological Question in the Gospels. By Cyril W. Emmet, 'M.A....

University Press) we have The Revelation of St. John the Divine, edited by G. H. S. Walpole (Is. 6d.). Bishop Walpole takes the date to be the last years of Dornitian, and the...

and Co. 6B.)— A. good story, though the heroine does not interest us as much as does Beth, the lady of all work.— Lord Stranleigh, Philanthropist. By Robert Barr. (Ward, Lock...

and Notes. By Arthur Jones, M.A. (Manchester University Press. 6s. net.)—Gruffydd ap Cynan, whose name will not be found in some places where it might be expected, was King of...

and Co. 8s. 6d. net.)—Manipur is a region, some hundred and twenty miles from N. to S. and over eighty from E. to W., lying to the N.W. of Mandalay. Mr. Hodson knows the country...

Gardner. (J. M. Dent and Sons. 10s. 6d. net.)—Poland seems not to have produced her national poet till she had ceased to be a nation. Adam Mickiewitz was born in 1790—three...

Hall. 6s.)—The author knows how to write an essay, and this knowledge stands high amongst literary achieve- ments. The first three chapters are on "Values," and have suggested...