17 MARCH 1917

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China, after all, has severed relations with Germany. The people

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who were to he treated by express order of the German Emperor in 1900 as " Attila's Hum of old " treated their enemies, have made a pretty riposte against the author of that...

T HE news from the Western front and Mesopotamia is altogether

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good. The reasons for the German retreat on the Ancre are no longer in doubt. The enemy goes back not because he wishes but because he has to go. As for the capture of Baghdad,...

" When is an overt act not an overt act

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? " seems to be the in- teresting question raised by the sinking of the American steamship Algonquin.' The captain of the Algonquin' says that he was attacked by shell-fire...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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THE PAPER SHORTAGE.—We trust that readers of the " Spectator" will give definite orders to their newsagents for a copy of the " Spectator" to be reserved for them each week till...

Mr. Wilson, invested with the authority he needed, has decided

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to arm American merchant vessels and to call an extra Session of Congress. Popular opinion thoroughly approves of the arming, and the correspondent of the Morning Post says that...

The facts and figures given by Mr. Macpherson in the

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Commons on Tuesday involved considerable revision of his previous statement that we still retained the mastery of the air on the Western front. He now stated that the situation...

The United States Senate at the end of last week

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did what Presi- dent Wilson wished and adopted a Closure rule. " Filibustering " is thus prevented for the future. The liberunt veto is ended. It will be impossible for a small...

The trial of the persons charged with attempting to poison

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Mr. Lloyd George and Mr. Henderson ended last Saturday. Mrs. Wheeldon was sentenced to ten years' penal servitude, her married daughter, Mrs. Mason, to five years', and her...

The return of losses from submarine warfare, published in the

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papers of Thursday, shows that thirteen vessels of over 1,600 tons were rank during the week. In the previous week the number was fourteen, and in the week before that fifteen....

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Our comment can only be one of amazement. (1) Either

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the Government are fooling us when, speaking through the mouth of the Prime Minister or of Sir Edward Carson, they tell us we are in deadly peril owing to shortage of food; or...

The second read* of the Bill deeding with Enemy Princes

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and their British titles was moved by the Lord Chancellor in the Lords on Tuesday. Lord Finlay, while approving of the general desire to deprive those who sided with our...

In this context we may mention Sir Edward Carson's most

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alarmist statement as to the food question and the apparent inability of the public to understand the peril in which they stand, and Lord Nort'neliffe's statement in a letter to...

These were indeed noble and memorable words, and have an

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application far beyond the significance of the moment when they were written. If the shadow of Jefferson still haunts the stately gardens and terraces of Monticello, and could...

We must protest against a detestable series of paragraphs which

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appeared in the. TfreeHy .Dispatch of last Sunday- in regard to the Report of the Dardanelles Commission. In the first place, the losses in the Gallipoli operation, are...

Mr. Lloyd George gratefully accepted Mr. Asquith's suggestion and added

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the proposed words. The House could have no idea, he said, of the zeal of India to play a still greater role in the war, and steps were being taken to enable her to do so. In...

Mr. Richardson went on to ask whether Captain Bathurst was

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aware that scores of thousands of tons of Manila sugar had been used for domestic purposes, and that it was usable for everything except with tea. To this the answer was in the...

On Tuesday also Captain Bathurst was interrogated by Mr. Richardson

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as to whether there were at present in the London West India Docks some ten thousand tons of Manila sugar hought by London dealers, which they were not allowed to clear except...

Jefferson is the patron saint of the Democratic Party of

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America. To that party his political dicta have always been as the " lively oracles of God." That being so, we feel sure that President Wilson must of late have had in his mind...

In the Commons on Wednesday the Government carried the new

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Indian Cotton Duties-without the least difficulty. The temper of the debate was, on the whole, so good that it relieves us from the necessity of making more than a mention of...

Mr. Asquith played a very distinguished and honourable part in

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the debate. He responded to Mr. Chamberlain's appeal in exactly the right spirit, and deprecated the- perverse raising of contention between Lancashire and India. No sectional...

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We have no desire to stifle the views of any

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section of the com- munity, and we would rather see the extreme Pacificist, since he exists though in negligible numbers, in Parliament than not. His speeches prevent the...

Next comes an attempt to secure confidence for the present

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Government and to discredit their predecessors by pointing out how many more letters now go to No. 10 Downing Street than went there in the old days Unjust criticism of the...

Anetmerican correspondent sends us a page from a Transatlantic

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tie* spaper, the Christian Work, containing an article entitled " Why Must the War Go On ? " by Mr. Arthur Ponsonby, M.P. This strange document is heralded by a note to the...

The scheme, which is judiciously as well as generously planned,

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is the most enlightened contribution to the encouragement of creative native art that has been devised in our time. It meets a difficulty which has long beset British musicians...

We are democrats, and we are not ashamed to say

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that one of the best lessons of the war will be that nations so far advanced in civilization as Germany must be held responsible for the system of government which they adopt or...

The third Annual Report of the Carnegie United Kingdom Trust

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contains full details of a new and important publication scheme for the purpose of encouraging British composers in the practice of their art. They are invited to submit...

We are of course sure that Mr. Ponsonby's sophistries are

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well meant, and that he sincerely believes in the paltry stuff he talks in defence of an enemy whom ho does not in the least understand and in arraignment of fellow-country- men...

We have dealt elsewhere with the problem of punishment, but

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may note here another matter of some importance. We gather from the general strain of Mr. Ponsonby's article that he would answer our arguments by saying that it is not fair to...

Finally, the writer in the Dispatch states that how long

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the Prime Minister will be able to stand the strain is a matter of continual speculation. We hope our readers will not think we are indulging in another fad if we ask how long...

Bank Rate, 5 per cent., changed from r, per cent.

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Jan, 18th.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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BAGHDAD AND BAPAUME. G ENERAL SHERMAN in a telegram to President Lincoln used the proud words : " I send you the city of Savan- nah as a New Year's gift." General Maude has done...

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THE DARDANELLES REPORT. T HE Dardanelles Report contains matter far too

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serious to be made the ground for party or personal strife and condemnation. Moreover, it is published at a time when, more than at any other period since the beginning of the...

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THE POISON CONSPIRACY AND EDUCATION.

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T HE trial of the persons who plotted to murder Mr. Lloyd George and Mr. Henderson was astonishing in many of its features, but in no respect has it astonished people more than...

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THE ETHICS OF INTERNATIONAL PUNISHMENT.

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A GROUP of earnest and sincere if mistaken Pacificists are now engaged in circulating through the Press their own proposals for a just peace," together with a type- written...

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A GRAND EDITOR TO THE NATION.

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W E have long had in our minds a plan for the better editing of official forms, publications, and proclamations. The present time, when the country is deluged with official...

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COMING TO.

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W HATEVER our dreams have been, we aro as a rule glad to wake. Whether we have been subject to nightmares or enchantments, we regain the familiar world with pleasure. All the...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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Owing to the shortage of paper, we must practise an economy of -space in our Correspondence columns. We therefore ask writers of letters to the " Spectator " to make them as...

FOOD SHORTAGE AND PROHIBITION.

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The situation created by the Shortage of Food and the continued destruction of cereals in the manufacture of intoxicants is so serious that we have determined to ask our readers...

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE SPECTIT03. 6 1 SIR,—I have read the

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article in your issue of February 24th on this subject with great interest, and I agree with you in thinking that Government assistance of the nature suggested by Mr. Wilson Fox...

THE STRENGTH OF BRITAIN-1 PRACTICAL PROPOSAL.

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(To MB EDITOR OE THE 6 ' SPECTITOR.”3 Sia,—The Committee of the Strength of Britain Movement has been asked to make known its attitude to State Purchase and, as well, to...

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WHAT MIGHT HAVE BEEN.

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[To TEL EDITOR OF TER " SPECTATOR.") Sts,—As an old reader and admirer of the Spectator, may I be per- mitted to refer to a point which you appear to have overlooked in the...

[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] not your correspondents

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who are in favour of Prohibition address their letters to the Times or some other daily paper? I have not seen more than one letter on this subject in the Times, whereas week by...

PROHIBITION IN ALBERTA.

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[To TEL EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—The following extract from a letter recently received from a professional man residing in Lethbridge, Alberta, may be of interest in...

PROHIBITION IN NEWFOUNDLAND.

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[To me Borros or THE " SPECTATOR.") Sia,—As a weapon in your crusade on behalf of Prohibition, may I commend to your notice an article in the current Field with reference to...

THE RUSSIAN EXAMPLE.

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[To THE ED/TOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] Sta,—I am heart and soul with you in your efforts for Prohibition during the war, and in this connexion I see there is appearing now in...

THE PROHIBITION PROBLEM.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR."] Sia,--In your issue of February 24th you inserted a note in italics at the head of the first page of the paper, before the " News of the...

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THE IRISH QUESTION.

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[To THE EDTPO't Or THE " SPECTATOR."] Sra,—The last few days' revelations have surely cleared the air on the Irish question. Last spring Mr. John Redmond took upon himself the...

P I WISH I COULDN'T GET IT."

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[To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR."] Sra,—I visit regularly every Saturday night, from 8 p.m. until closing-time (in connexion with my voluntary work for the greatest...

BEER, DREAD, AND TRANSPORT.

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[To THE EDITOR OF TILE " SPECTATOR."] Sza,—In respect of your campaign against brewing from grain, here is an argument to which I have seen no reference in your paper. In the...

VENEREAL DISEASE AND DRINK.

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• [To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—It has been said, and truly said, that drink is largely responsible for the prevalence of venereal disease. I have lately had an...

INDIA AND THE EMPIRE.

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[To THE EDITOR OP Tns " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—One would, I think, naturally gather from what you say towards the end of your article that there is more British capital in the...

THE FOOD CONTROLLER AND PRICES.

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[To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—I think your note in the Spectator of March 3rd shows that you have misunderstood the action taken by the Food Controller in regard to...

POTATOES.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE " Sync-arcs.") SIR,—It may be of interest to some of your readers who have gardens, and who are in want of seed potatoes, to hear of a plan which I have...

THE PRESENT POSITION OF HOME RULE.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR."] Sta,—" Whatever is morally wrong can never be politically right." Can there be a more forcible commentary on this well-known saying of...

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HOME-GROWN FRUIT AND SUGAR.

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(To THZ EDITOR OF TEL " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—I am delighted to see that Mrs. Gilchrist Thompson has drawn attention to this most important subject. Last year I was fortunate in...

HOW IT STRIKES A VEGETARIAN,

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(To THE EDITOR or TER "Sesames.") 41/ea—Amid all the agitation over food economy and war , diets caused by the shortage and increased prices there is one class of people who-...

A WEEK'S BUDGET.

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(To rag EDITOR OF THE ""SPECTATOR.") Sea,—I do not think that " Not a Vegetarian," in the Spectator of March 9rd, lays out her 3d. per head per day for meat at all...

HOME BAKING.

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(To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR.") fie,—The situation described by your correspondent of February 24th, Margaret F. Carr, can be much improved by baking at home. On baker's...

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THE HOUSEKEEPING PROBLEM.

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[Twills Erases or rat "Seecrirozel Peto—It may interest- " A`• Man and his" Wife " to know that another household has been following the same teethed. Fivet War Saving...

HAIILEY SCONES.

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[To rue EDITOR or ran "Sezcuron."l Suro—May. I say in reference to the above, which we•have been using- for some • time; that two teaspoonfuls of ordinary • baking powder will...

AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT.

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[To TITS EDITOR or TIP " SPECTITOR."] letter some weeks ago eking your opinion as to the best " Life of Lincoln " not only brought your excellent advice, but the unexpected...

- FRANCIS "THOMPSON ON GEORGE 3IBREDITIL

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[To eta EDIT011 OP TRH Seeceires.") Sni,—Pit a- let - ter from - needs Thompson to " Katharine - Tynan . ," quilted' in this - Spectator of March' so; he makes some very uneozn-...

THE; "SPBC'TATOR'S " FADS:•

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to • roost. But-why not Ora I to- - youro one signal failuee—the indispensability of Mr. Asquith and his -Coalition? We have • got rid of bins; but he has'cost us the Irish...

AN HISTORICAL PARALLEL.

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[To Tit EDITO1 OP TES " SPECITT01:"1 -Sze;The recent Constitutional - deadlock in the United States Senate raises a curious comparison with • the- state of Poland in...

WOMAN SETFRA.GE.

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[To TRH ED/TOR or TER " SPECTAT011."] Pon,--Iir view of the Majority' recommendations relatingto Woman Suffrage in -the 'Report of the.Speaker's Eleetoral , Reform Confer- ence,...

THE POISO-NING TRIAL. [To rah EDITOR OP TILI " SMUT

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DH."3 SIR.,—There was one feature of this trial which the newspapers have suppressed or minimized. This element is obscenity. It was proved that the mother habitually used the...

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CHANGES IN THE CHURCH.

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(To ens EDITOR 07 Tne " SncTrroit."3 Sza,—I feel that, as the danger to the Church is extremely serious, we ought to begin preparing for it before the sear ends. I trust,...

THE CHURCH AND THE WAR.

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(To vu EDITOR OP TER " SPECTATOR. " l Sra,—It is always interesting to read the letters that appear in your columns from time to time dealing with this very vital topic. It is...

SIR ALFRED BOOTH'S MEETING.

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[To raa EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR.") Sia,—I have great pleasure in intimating through the medium of your columns that the arrangements are now complete for the Prohibition...

"You ask: ' Why do your statesmen think it so

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necessary to have compulsory service? For your sakes? or for ours?' The answer is fairly simple: it was for both our sakes. When the war broke out, Andrew Fisher, the present...

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POETRY.

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THE OLD BOYS. Wao is the one with the empty sleeve? ". " Some sport who was in the swim." " And the one with the ribbon who's home on leaver" Good Lord! I remember him! A...

" A. STUDENT IN ARMS."

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Me. Memos' informs us that owing to the very large demand for a small selection of essays from A Student in Arms, he has now Prepared such a selection, which was published on...

BOOKS.

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THE BRITISH CAMPAIGN IN FRANCE AND FLANDERS, 1014.' Sin Asmara Conan Dorna's volume on The British Campaign in France and Flanders till the end of 1914 is well worth reading....

" CHRIST IN FLANDERS."

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Owrso to the large and continued demand for copies of the poem entitled " Christ in Flanders," which appeared in our issue of September 11th, 1915, it has now been reprinted in...

NOTICE.—When " Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's

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name or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communi- cated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the...

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NEW FACTS ABOUT SHELLEY.* Mn. INcrre's careful exposition of the

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new material which became available a few years ago for the study of the life of Shelley does not solve the central problem of Shelley's"character, but it puts us in posses-...

RECEET VERSE:*

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Responsibilities,' the ponderous polysyllabic title which Mr. Yeats has chosen for his last volume of poems, comes rather strangely from a poet whose irresponsibility has been...

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BOOKER T. WASHINGTON.* Mn. ROOSEVELT has written a preface to

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the Life of the great negro, Booker Washington, and thus assured the circulation of a book of immense interest. Booker Washington was a great man in the white man's sense of the...

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TALKING.*

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" CONVERSATION is not a verbal nor vocal contest," says Mr. Kleiser in a happy definition, " but a mutual meeting of minds. It is not a monologue, but a reciprocal exchange of...

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Proportional Representation and British Maks. By J. Fischer Williams. (John

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Murray. 2s. net.)—Now that the Speaker's Com- mittee has recommended the partial adoption of Proportional Repre- sentation in its scheme for a redistribution of Parliamentary...

FICTION.

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GRAPES OF WRATH.t AN eminent publicist and playwright, who enjoys the privilege of being described by the German Press as the one righteous man in England, has recently...

READABLE NOVELS. —Thin Way Out. By Mrs. Henry Dudeney. (Methuen and

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Co. 6s.)—A minute study of an almost incredibly wicked and unattractive man. The workmanship of the book is as usual most aecomplished. — Magple. By Baroness von Button....

THE GOSPEL OF CONSOLATION.*

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Tiers is undoubtedly one of the best volumes of sermons we have read for many a day, and we regret to observe that it is posthumous. A memoir of the author, Canon Danks, is...

Supplementary Magic. By Elbiquet. (Routledge. 2s. 6d. net.)—This little handbook

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of conjuring is well written and fully illustrated. The most interesting chapters are devoted to the Indian conjurer, a hose success is ascribed partly to his skill in...

The Progress of Capitalism in England. By W. Cunningham. (Cam-

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bridge University Press. 3s. net.)—Besides an instructive summary of our economic development, this little book contains an earnest plea for the study of economic history. The...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in this column does. not necessarilil preclude subsequent review.] Seren rears at the Prus&ian Court. By Edith Keen. (Eveleigh Nash. 10s. 6d. net.)—Miss Keen was, for...

Benighted Mexico. By Randolph Wellford Smith. (John Lane. 6s. net.)—This

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American book is a passionate attack on Mr. Wilson's Mexican policy. Mr. Smith is convinced that Carranza would have collapsed last summer had not Germany come to his rescue,...

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Shakespeare and the Red Cross. By Sir Sidney Lee. (The

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Chiswick Press. 81)—An address delivered by Sir Sidney Lee at the opening of the Shakespeare Exhibition at the Grafton Galleries :— " Shakespeare," says Sir Sidney Lee, "...

The Ruhleben Prisoners Release Committee, at Pen Corner House, Kingeway,

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has issued an informing pamphlet on the conditions pre- vailing at Ruhleben, the negotiations at various times for the release of civilian prisoners, and the case for a general...

Russia and Europe. By Gregor Alexinsky. Translated by Bernard filial

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(T. Fisher Unwin. 10s. 6d. net.)—This instructive book, by an ex-member of the Duma, discusses European influence on Russian economics, history, administration, literature, and...

Arboreal Man. By F. Wood Jones. (E. Arnold. 8s. 6d.

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net.)— The direct ancestors of primitive man never went on all fours, but lived in trees. That is the theory which Professor Wood Jones demonstrates, by the aid of comparative...

German and English Education. By Fr. de Hovre. (Constable and

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Co. 2s. 6d. net.)—This comparative study of German and English education is written by a Belgian priest from Louvain who sees the strong and weak points in both systems. "...

Australia. By J. W. Gregory. (Cambridge University Press. Is. :Id.

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net.)—Professor Gregory's admirable little book, in the series of " Cambridge Manuals," presents in a compact and readable form the essence of his studies of Australia, its...

(nitres Poiligues de Jean de Lingendes. Edited by E. T.

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Griffiths. (Manchester University Press. 63. net.)—Jean de Lingendes was a Bourbonnais poet who died young. in 1616 and left a considerable baggage of pleasant pastoral verse,...

Feeding the Family. By Mary Swartz Rose, Ph.D. (Macmillan and

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Co. 9s. net.)—Mrs. Swartz Rose tells us she set out to write " a guide- book to good nutrition . . . for the numerous housewives who prepare something like a thousand meals a...

Studies in Insect Life. By A. E. Shipley. (T. Fisher

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Unwin. 10s. 6d. net.)—The Master of Christ's is a most entertaining writer, and does not, as the title suggests, confine his attention to insects. Besides articles on insects...