25 DECEMBER 1909

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The libel action brought against Dr. Friedjung by the Serbo-Croatian

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Coalition ended on Wednesday. Among the many witnesses for the plaintiffs called during the last week of the trial was Dr. Spalaykovitch, the Servian Permanent Secretary for...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE political campaign has continued during the week with no appreciable slackening in the rush of speeches. Already it is possible to judge in some respects the tendency of...

We have discussed the whole matter elsewhere, and will only

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say here that Mr. Balfour will, to our mind, meet the wishes of the majority if he definitely undertakes the business of reforming the Lords. We also trust sincerely that he...

Last Saturday Baron Sonnino described the main proposals of the

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new Italian Cabinet to the Chamber. The programme will not be explained in detail till after the Christmas holidays. The Times correspondent says that the Prime Minister laid...

We have always hoped that Crete would ultimately be annexed

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to Greece, for both convenience and geographical propriety suggest that course. But if Turkey decides per- manently to stand by her rights of suzerainty, it will be out of the...

The Athens correspondent of the Times in a message published

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last Saturday says that the Cretan politicians are disputing whether or not the Chamber should be summoned. One side wished it to be summoned before Christmas in order to...

The funeral of King Leopold was held on Wednesday in

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pouring rain. The ceremony is described as most impressive, though no signs of emotion in the populace were observable. In the Chamber the Socialists, headed by M. Vandervelde,...

# 4 ,* The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

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On the same evening Lord Milner spoke at Huddersfield. After

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ridiculing the suggestion that popular government was in danger from the House of Lords, he declared that he would not let himself be drawn into a discussion of the Constitu-...

The Portuguese Prime Minister, Senhor Weneeslau de Lima, resigned last

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Saturday. This is the fourth Govern- ment which has fallen during the present reign. The Prime Minister informed the King that he could no longer tolerate the bitter hostility...

The official announcement, which had been for some time anticipated,

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was made on Wednesday that Mr. Herbert Gladstone had been appointed to the new Post of Governor- General of South Africa. Mr. Gladstone has been in Parlia- ment as one of the...

Dealing with the opponents of the Budget, Mr. Burns observed

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that "even a Duke should be handled with some degree of pitiful compassion," and that the Lords were "always on the side of dogma and drink." The only reason for their rejecting...

On Tuesday Mr. Asquith delivered speeches in Liverpool and Birkenhead.

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At Liverpool he warmly defended the measures taken by the Government for national defence. " I do not believe," he said, " that ever since the close of the great war nearly a...

In the course of a speech at North Sunderland on

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Monday Sir Edward Grey raised the point that it was unfair that the House of Lords should have the power of forcing a Dis- solution without running any risk that its own Members...

Lord Cromer in a speech at Sheffield on Friday week

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gave his reasons for asking Unionist Free-traders to support Unionist candidates irrespective of their views on the Fiscal question. His first reason was that national defence...

Mr. John Burns broke his long silence on Friday, the

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17th, when he addressed his constituents at great length. The Parliament whose existence bad been arbitrarily terminated by the usurpation of the Peers would be known as " the...

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On Tuesday the House of Lords by a unanimous decision

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affirmed the decision of the Court of Appeal that a Trade- Union cannot legally impose a levy on its members for the payment of Parliamentary representatives. The majority of...

Under the heading " Mr. Lloyd George and Noncon- formity,"

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Sir Robert Perks contributes a remarkable letter to the Times of Tuesday. Speaking merely as " an ordinary Wesleyan Methodist layman," Sir Robert Perks asserts that the...

After this remarkable picture of priest-ridden Noncon- formity, Sir Robert

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Perks rebuts Mr. Lloyd George's assertion that the Government had done their best for Noncon- formity. On the contrary, he maintains that they have not even done their second...

Mr. Lloyd George reaffirmed his version of the Gorringe case—which

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he declared had -never been answered in the House of Commons—and of the "little tailor's shop" in Cardiff—" if he spoke of it being next door to the Castle he would not mean...

On Monday evening the large drapery establishment of Messrs. Arding

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and Hobbs at Clapham Junction was com- pletely destroyed by fire. As many as four hundred assistants were employed by the firm, and at the time of the disaster the , shop was...

Mr. Lloyd George delivered a characteristic speech at Cardiff on

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Tuesday as president of the Welsh National Liberal Convention. "Greed;" he observed, "is the wildest of all chauffeurs "—Mr. Lloyd George is curiously fond of motoring...

Nonconformists, continues Sir Robert Perks, must act with greater unity

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and courage if they are to expect any attention from their political leaders. At present they have neither a programme nor a leader. " In the absence of the explicit pledges...

On Tuesday the University of Copenhagen issued its Report on

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Dr. Cook's claim to have reached the North Pole. It finds that Dr. Cook provides no evidence that he went there, and one clause of the Report implies a strong censure on him for...

Bank Rate, 44 per cent., changed from 5 per cent.

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Dec. 9th. Consols (2i) were on Thursday 82f—Friday week HI.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE APPEAL TO MODERATE MINDS: r i. more we examine the principles which are being laid before the electors by both political parties, the more are we convinced that the result...

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THE REFORM OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS.

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TH E letter from Lord Rosebery which was published in the Times of Tuesday emphasises a real weakness in the position of the Unionist Party. He has studied Mr. Balfour's address...

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A SOCIALIST ON NATIONAL DEFENCE.

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M O a certain kind of mind it appears to be an attractive theory that because a statement of facts may have been introduced to the public notice with an undesirable motive, the...

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- SOME QUESTIONS OF COPYRIGHT.

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THE La* of Copyright Committee, appointed last JL March to consider the Copyright Convention signed at Berlin on November 13th, 1908, have now issued their Report. It is in some...

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TILE, CHRIST OF HEBREWS.

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" W HAT think ye of Christ P " This is the question which every writer in the New Testament sets himself to answer, each in his own manner. The Evangelists deal with the Christ...

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MORE ANONYMOUS VOICES.

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W E boast, and rightly, that to-day is the day of the common man ; but in a very true sense he has always been having his day. In poetry, history, biography, and even in Holy...

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A HIGHLAND DAWNING.

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A BOISTEROUS day of shouting breezes and sun- chequered sea had passed into a silent evening cur- tained with quiet cloud, and westward in a halo of white radiance the sun had...

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CORRESPONDENCE.

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CHILDREN'S SAYINGS.* To THE EDITOR. OP THE " SPECTATOR."1 A CHILD was in church with his mother, a very young child, but one who spoke easily and fluently at three years old....

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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THE DUTY OF UNIONIST FREE-TRADERS. ITO THE EDITOR 07 TEE "SPECTATOR. " Sis, In the dilemma in which Liberal Unionist Free-traders are placed, it seems a duty for all who have...

[To THE EDITOR. 07 TEE "BrEcreroa."3 Sin,—Mr. Elliot endorses, with

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strong approval, the statement 'of Mr. Henry Hobhonse that the Lords by their action have "upset the balance' of the Constitution," but I submit that this is an inversion of the...

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.1 Sin,—Unionist Free-traders do

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not want Home-rule, and do not want Protection. How are they to vote P It seems likely that the Radical Party (which is putting a tax on land to make it cheaper) will go back to...

THE DUTY OF INDEPENDENT LIBERALS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOL . 1 Siu,—It is painful for a Liberal whose ties with the Liberal Party go, back to past generations to realise that in the present political...

THE REFORM OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR; 'l SIR,—I wish to add my voice to those of your correspondents last week who urged that the Conservative Party should make the reform of the...

[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—May I, as a

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Conservative Free-trader, express my hearty concurrence with Colonel Pollock's letter in your last is sue which seems to me to put the case in a nutshell P For surely whatever...

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."1 SIR,—The dangers which

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you point out as likely to arise from the continuance in power of a Liberal Government appear to me less immediately threatening than those we shall certainly incur if we...

CABINET RESPONSIBILITY FOR _Mal BUDGET. ['re THE EDITOR OP TRU

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" SPECTAT0 1 121 SIR, —Is not there a certain want of proportion in much of the criticism of the Budget and the results it is likely to produce? We hear a great deal about...

'11111 CONSERVATIVE PARTY IN BATTERSEA AND MR. BURNS.

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[To THE EDITOR OP ins "SPECTATOR. ") SIR, — Your correspondent Mr. Hirst suggests that , the Unionist candidate should retire from Battersea as a "handsome return" to Mr. Burns...

Lbe THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR.") SIR,— Perhaps you will allow

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a temporary exile, but a constant reader, to say why he welcomed Mr. H. Hobhouse's letter in your correspondence. Though a supporter of the Government, I could not support the...

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LORD CAWDOR AND MR. .MULLINER'S CHARGES.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."' Sln,—In a recent speech at Leeds Lord Cawdor gave pro- minence to charges against the Admiralty made by Mr. Mulliner ; and, as a consequence,...

tTo THE EDITOR OF TER " SPECTATOR."1

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Sin,—Our attention has been drawn to a letter in the Spectator of the 18th inst. signed by Mr. W. A. Hirst, and apparently written from this club, which recommends the...

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MUSIC,

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AUGUST J. JAEGER. THE announcement that a memorial concert to the late Mr. August J. Jaeger will be held an the 24th of next month is most welcome to those who held the man in...

POETRY.

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THE DAYBREAK. A DYING star above, and snows as wan As faces of the dead! But look ! The East is golden; night is gone ; Yon peak will soon be red. Truth broadens o'er the...

THE LATE PROFESSOR S. S. LAURIE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "Rnecr.vroa.."1 Smx,—I shall be greatly obliged if you will be good enough to state that I am desirous to collect information regarding the educational...

Tux Rev I. Williams asks us to inform the generous

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unknown donor of the Spectator that he has recently moved to Outlook, Saskatchewan, Canada.

THE GUARANTEE FUND.

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[To THIS MDTTOIL OF THE "SPECTATOR.'' SIR,—Please allow me to report for the information of my ninety-five kind and generous correspondents that I have now received money and...

GIRL SCOUTS.

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[To THE EDITOR OP TEE " SPECTATOR." j SIR,—From recent correspondence in the Press on this subject there appears to be an impression that Girl Scouts form part of the...

LORD BEACONSFIELD AS A TARIFF REFORMER.

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{TO THE EDITOR OP TEE " SPECTATOR." j SIR,—Scrupulous fairness of criticism is an honourable and, I think, unbroken tradition of the Spectator, so I may perhaps be forgiven if...

NOTICE. — When Articles or "Correspondence" are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be he7d to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

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BOOKS.

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AMERICA, JAPAN, AND THE PACIFIC.* IT was inevitable that a voice should be raised before long in the United States to call attention in loud and earnest tones to the risky...

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" NOW IS CHRISTMAS Y-COME."*

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IN mediaeval Christmas observances it is easy to detect the blending of two elements,—the primitive rites of Yule, and the superimposed Christian commemoration. From these two...

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BENEDETTO CROCE.*

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Mg. BALFOUR in his recent Romanes Lecture mentioned with respect the work on aesthetic of the Italian philosopher, Signor Croce, as giving more practical guidance to the...

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THE ENGLISH WOMAN.* WE have read this book with considerable

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admiration. If there is one thing more than another which strikes a peraon familiar with the French people, it is the gulf of non-under- standing which, in spite of friendship...

THE " ACHAR,NIANS " OF ARISTOPHANES.* THE Acharnians was produced

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in 425 B.C., the seventh year of that struggle with Sparta which was to prove fatal to Athens and to Greece. Pericles was dead. No longer did the great " Olympian," as...

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PROFESSOR BLACKIE.*

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Ma. WALKER has done well to prefix some letters written by Blackie to his father and mother. They cover about two years and a half (April 20th, 1829, to October 28th, 1831), and...

EARLY CHURCH HISTORY4 PROFESSOR GWATKIN'S utterances are bound to have

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a certain importance, for he holds the Dixie Chair of Divinity at Cambridge, and we naturally turn to see what he has to say about the Historic Episcopate. The question is...

NOVELS.

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ROBERT EMMET,* OF recent years we have often protested against the practice of writers of historical romance who alternate documentary evidence with imaginary episodes for...

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READABLB Novxns.—The Motor Maid. By C. N. and A. M.

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Williamson. (Hodder and Stoughton. 6s.)—Mr. and Mrs. Williamson take their readers in this book on a motor trip to the South of France. Avignon and the antiquities in the...

Letters from George Eliot to Elena Stuart. Edited by Roland

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Stuart. (Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. 5s. net.)—The editor of this volume explains the circumstances in which these letters came to be written. Mrs. Elms, Stuart found groat...

The Winning Lady, and Others. By Mary E. Wilkins Freeman.

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(Harper and Brothers. 6s.)—These eleven stories are of a kind of which our Transatlantic cousins seem to have a monopoly. They are studies of life, quite ordinary life, which...

Leaves. By Violet Clarke. (W. Heinemann. 5s.)—Sir George Clarke tells

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in a short introduction the tragic story of his daughter, the author of the sketches contained in this volume. There can be no doubt that they show great possibilities ; but...

. SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Under this /wading los 'mgr.. sack Boas of the Acute as have not been Taunted for retries in ahoy forms.] A Critical Introduction to the New Testament. By A. S. Peake, D.D....

The Story of the Pine - Marten Mustela. By Arthur Bertram Hutton.

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(D. Nutt. 2s. net.)—‘ Mustela' is a very interesting creature, and, we readily believe, drawn from life. Of her mate, Pekan,' we see but little,—ostendunt tent um fate neque...

Two books which will interest a considerable class of readers

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are The Old Catholic Missal and Ritual, Prepared by the. Right Rev. Arnold H. Matthew, D.D. (Cope and Fenwick, Gs. net)—so far as an outsider can judge, there is very little...

Eighteenth Century Literature : an Orford Miscellany. (The Clarendon Press.

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4s. net.)—This volume contains eight studies, the first dealing with Sir Richard Steele, the last with William Lisle Bowles. It may be said that their final cause is to tell the...

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Messrs. Mowbray and Co. send us an assortment of very

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attrac- tive Christmas Cards, varying in price from Od, to id., and all, in their degree, of excellent design and execution. A common characteristic of them is the illustration...

Nsw EnrrioNs. — First Epistle of St. John: a Popular Conz- mentary.

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By the Rev. Charles Watson. (J. MacLehose and Sons, Glasgow. 4s. 6d. net.)—The Blessed Life: Short Addresses on the Beatitudes. By Percy C. Ainsworth. With Introduction. (R....

The Literary Year - Book, Edited by Basil Stewart (G. Routledge and

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Sons, Os. net), appears as usual with its somewhat formidable lists. There is the catalogue of authors, filling some three hundred and fifty pages,—allowing for blank spaces....

Messrs. Walker send us a variety of diaries and calendars

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of many sizes, with corresponding accommodation for notes, &c. Nos. 3 and 4 have the largest dimensions, not too much, however, for a coat-pockA,-a.ad each is furnished with a...

Hazcll's Annual (Hazell, Watson, and Viney, 3s. 6d. net) com-

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pletes with this issue its quarter of a century, and presents improvements in arrangement, &c. We feel, we must own, a certain doubt about signed articles. These publications of...