13 JUNE 1925

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Havas declares that Great Britain has consented to regard as

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though they were her own for the purposes of defence the frontiers of France and Belgium adjoining Germany, and would therefore consider any violation by Germany of those...

It will 'be remembered that at the Peace Conference in

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Paris after the War both Great Britain and America offered to sign treaties guaranteeing the security of France and 'that this plan broke down only because the whole peace...

Clearly the negotiations for a Pact which deserves the title

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of " mutual " are only beginning. In the mean- time the French Agency, Havas, has published what purports to be a summary of the Franco-British document. This summary has caused...

About-three months ago Germany offered to enter into a Pact

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for mutual guarantees. The Eastern frontier of France would be regarded as permanent and inviolable. ' As regards Germany's own Eastern frontier she would be Unwilling to...

NEWS OF THE WEEK

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M i ANY of the newspapers have gone badly astray this week in writing about the proposed Pact. Some of them have gone so far as to assume that it is settled that Great Britain...

EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHING OFFICES : 13 York Street, Covent Garden,

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London, W.C.2.—A Subscription to the _" Spectator" costs Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the world. The Postage on this issue is : Inland, ld. ;...

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The death sentences on the eight Egyptians convicted of the

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late Sirdar's 'murder were pronounced in Cairo after ratification by the Grand Mufti. Six of them were perhaps guilty tools and little more. The chief organiser of the details...

Fortunately Mr. Baldwin, though he felt unable to make any

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precise statement in the absence of Mr. Austen Chamberlain, said enough in the House of Commons on Wednesday to show that the mutual principle has by no means been forgotten in...

It is from this point of view that we wish

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to say some- thing in strcng support of the Note. We never thought that the delay in withdrawing from Cologne was tecessary. For all practical purposes Germany is, and long has...

There is little to say about China except that the .

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situation is very disturbing. If the British Government have any definite information they have been careful to keep it to themselves. On Tuesday Mr. Ronald McNeill convinced...

The Allies have at last sent their Note to Germany

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explaining why Cologne was not evacuated in January in accordance with the Peace Treaty. We might all have been saved a great deal of trouble if the Note had been sent long ago....

The strikes, riots and demonstrations at Shanghai and elsewhere are

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evidence of a wide and strong impulse moving in one direction. We are told a great deal about the unrest being due to Bolshevist intrigue, but we suspect that, as usual, Moscow...

On Tuesday the French Prime Minister, M. Painleve, suddenly left

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Paris for Morocco. This is a sign that he takes a very serious view of the War. He may also have been tempted by the attractive prospect of being able in future to say to his...

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On Tuesday last the King and Queen visited Bristo! to

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open the new University Buildings which are a fine monument to the progress of science and the humanities in the West of England. Few cities have a greater romance than this...

We publish an article this week, cliaracteristically full of ideas,

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by Lord Montagu of Beaulieu, on the parking of cars in large towns. We desire to differ from Lord Montagu on only one point. For a long time we have had our eye on the scarcely...

The courage of the King and Queen of Spain through

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a life of danger that would wrack the nerves of most people was proved again by their visit to Barcelona, the hotbed of Catalan separatism and of intrigues against the lives of...

On Thursday, June 4th, the delegates of nine Trade Unions

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met in conference upon the suggestion of the Miners' Federation to discuss the revival of the " Triple Alliance " of the miners, railwaymen and transport workers, and its...

The Master of Christ's explained in our columns last week

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some of the difficulties of moving with the times in regard to motor-ears and cycles in a University town like Cambridge. On Saturday last a Congregation voted on several Graces...

Bank Rate, 5 per cent., changed from 4 per cent.

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on March 5th, 1925. ‘Var Loan (5 per cent.) was on Thursday 99 W . ; on Thursday week 99 II; a year ago 101. Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Thursday 87; on Thursday week 871...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY

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THE SECURITY PACT T HOUGH the text of the documents defining the ideas of Britain and France in answer to the German proposal of a Security Pact has not yet been published,...

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WHY THE RIFF FIGHTS

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BY BOYD CABLE. F EW people here have any clear idea as to why the Riff is fighting, especially since the carefully spread explanation that it was solely for independence has...

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TURKEY - AS IT IS BY L. HADEN GUEST, M.P.

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11 1110SE who go about the picturesque streets of Old Stambul, explore the Mosques and the Bazaar, admire the light, the coloured wall, the shadow , and the cypress, •breathe in...

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LORD RAWLIN S ON T HERE are perhaps few emotions to which exile

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does not add something of poignancy, and to those who in Delhi, or even in India; kept the vigil through the last days of Lord Rawlinson's life the impression is unforget-...

. THE SPECTATOR.

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Before going on their holidays readers are advised to place an order for the SPECTATOR. The journal will be forwarded . to any address at the following rates :- One Month • • ....

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" LORNA DOONE "

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I T is just a hundred years this very week since Black- more the novelist was born, and twenty-five years since he died. None of his many books survived him except Lorna Doone,...

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THE PARKING OF MOTORS IN TOWNS

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BY LORD MONTAGU OF BEAULIEU. ALL large towns are now faced with the problem not only of reducing traffic congestion, but of accomo- , dating the motor vehicles of persons...

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OUR POLO VISITORS

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BY LORD WODEF1OUSE. T HE visits of the American Army team and the Maharajah of Jodhpur's team to this country have added great interest to this year's polo. In previous years...

The SPECTATOR aims at being the best procurable Survey of

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the Week. It provides a careful and animated summary in which nothing of first-rate importance is omitted. For busy people and those who are abroad it is indispensable. In order...

CHANGES OF ADDRESS.

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Postal Subscribers changing their address, or who while travelling desire their copies of the paper to be sent to a temporary address, are asked to notify the SPECTATOR Office...

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THE SPEECH OF ANIMALS

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A GROUP of American biologists, not without help from the microphone, have been busy eaves- dropping, and begin to think that they have intercepted and interpreted the...

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ART

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THE LONDON GROUP AT THE R.W.S. GALLERIES Tim lesson that we are only now beginning to learn from the study of the historical side of art is that, generally speaking, an art...

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CAMILLE FLAMMARION

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[To the Editor of the SPECT-ATOR.] SIR,—With the death of Camille Flammarion a great figure disappears. His long career was devoted to the popularization of Astronomy, and his...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

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COAL INTO OIL [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] am sure the thanks of everyone interested in low- temperature carbonization, using the word in the broadest sense, are due to...

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THE LATE MR. J. E. C. BODLEY

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Mr. Bodley's death will be a cause of real regret to a large circle of friends, and a larger of readers, on both sides of the Channel. For...

THE FUTURE OF CANADA

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR ; ---- May I be allowed the privilege of expressing my con- currence with you in declining to accept " all the opinions " expressed by your...

MARSHAL VON HINDENBURG

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sta,—Probably most of your readers shared, as .I did, your opinion that it would be a European misfortune if Marshal Hindenburg were elected...

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MEMORIES OF AN OLD READER OF THE " SPECTATOR "

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[To the Editor of the SancraTan.] SIR,--One of your oldest readers recently challenged compari- sons. I find that I have been a reader of the Spectator for just seventy-one...

IRELAND AFTER SIX YEARS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—" Agrippa " in his letter last week about the treatment of landlords under the Irish Free State says " some people are never satisfied."...

FISHING IN IRELAND [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,--AS

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a very old Magistrate and Conservator, my experience was that in some places the R.I.C. did good work in enforcing the fishery laWs, in others they did very little. As to the...

HUDSON ON EPSTEIN [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, --The

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principal criticism of Mr. Epstein's panel in Hyde Park is that, even if it is an admirable work of art, it does not interpret the spirit of W. H. Hudson. Let me therefore quote...

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" TILL MAY IS OUT "

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, —In reply to the enquiry in your issue of the 6th inst. as to whether the advice " not to cast a clout till May is out " refers to the end...

POETRY ;

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CANYON THERE was a time When, though my life already ran Lower than the common, pleasant haunts of man, I marked it little. For then I still could climb (Though with an...

" SHIK SIIAK DAY"

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I am told that in Gloucestershire Oak Apple day is called Shik Shak day. Can any of your readers please tell me why this is ?—I am, Sir,...

LICENSED VICE IN SINGAPORE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—The letter of Lady Balfour of Burleigh in your issue of June 6th will no doubt be read with great interest by a large number of people in...

MOROCCO

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Stn; -It is a little difficult to agree with Mr. Arnold Lupton that Abdel Krim is a friend of this country in view of the latter's past record...

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A BOOK OF THE MOMENT

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GEORGE FOX AND HIS SUFFERINGS [COPYRIGHT IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY THE New York Times.] The Short Journals and Itinerary of George Fox. Edited by Norman Penney. With...

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- EXPLORING -AUSTRALIA

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Early Explorers in Australia. By Ida Lee (Mrs. C. B. Marriott). (Methuen. 21s. net.) THE discovery and early exploration of Australia has a unique place in the history both of...

SIXTH COMPETITION

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THE EDITOR OFFERS A PRIZE OF £5 FOR A REMINIS- CENCE IN NOT MORE THAN 500 WORDS OF PROSE. A HUNDRED years ago many magazines printed in each number a couple of columns labelled...

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THE ELIZABETHAN CHURCH

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Elizabethan Episcopal Administration • An Essay in Soci- ology and Politics. By W. P. M. Kennedy. Vol. I.—The Essay. Vols. IL and III.—Visitation Articles and Injunctions,...

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THE IRON MAN

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IT has often been thought strange that any human being should fall down and worship the work of his own hands. Modern man has found how little strange that is. He is a greater...

MEMOIRS OF A NAPOLEONIC OFFICER

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MESE memoirs were published by the French author Maurice Barres, who died two years ago, and have now been trans- lated into English. The Napoleonic officer who wrote them was...

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CURRENT LITERATURE

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WANDERINGS AND EXCURSIONS, By J. Ramsay MacDonald. (Cape. 6s.) IT is not quite easy to define the charm of this book. That it has charm is certain, for it has many grave...

FICTION

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STREAMERS WAVING wears her great erudition lightly, she is prone to self-analysis, and she has fallen in love with an amiable young athlete whom circumstances allow her to' see...

THE time is not yet ripe for a definite book

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on Caxton. William Blades' classical work is still the authority for all relevant typographical and technical details, but we await an adequate account of the background in...

THE ENGLISH VERSIONS OF THE SHIP OF FOOLS.

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By Fr. Aurelius Pompeii. O.F.M. (Longmans. 21s. net.) 'rim is a book for specialists, for those who, when they have done learning about the newly fashicthable age of Skelton and...

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Just Impediment. By Constance I. Smith. (Melrose. 7s. 6d. net.)—Two

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of the principal characters of this story are old enough for their sentimental adventures not to be very attractive. The book is much concerned with the rest- lessness of a...

Madonna and the Student. By Isabel Neilson. (Jonathan Cape. 7s.

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6d. net.)—Music, winter sports, and the Munich University are the theme of this novel. It is chiefly inter- esting for its picture of post-War Germany. The excitement and misery...

OTHER NOVELS

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The Red Mass. By Valentine Williams. (Hodder and Stoughton. 7s. 6d. net.)—A thriller placed on the very appro- priate stage of Paris in the days of the French Revolution. The...

Ashmorlands. By Winifred Boggs. (Herbert Jenkins. 7s. 6d. net.)—The story

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of a family founded by an Admiral who in the eighteenth century built a house to his fancy which resembled a ship low down in the water. The Ashmorlands, both family and house,...

Utter Happiness. By Frank Savile. (Arnold. '7s. 6d. net.)—A story

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" featuring," as would be said in the film world, the strong silent man in iferhaps his happiest development as the upright British administrator of a native province in Africa....

The Ship Beautiful. By Charles Allen. (Warne. 7s. 6d. net.)—It

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is inevitable that the psychology of a blind man should be the principal interest in Mr. Charles Allen's story, The Ship Beautiful, for we understand that the author himself has...

FINANCE-PUBLIC AND PRIVATE

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EMPIRE BORROWING By ARTHUR W. KIDDY. IN a very able article which appeared recently in the Observer, Sir Josiah Stamp dealt with the general question of our foreign loan...

Tales of the Troubles. By Lord Ernest Hamilton. (T. Fisher

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Unwin. 7s. 6d. net.)—Irish rebellions in the seventeenth century form the theme of Lord Ernest Hamilton's seven studies. In each story the cruelty of the native Irish insurgents...

Watling's for Worth. By Horace Annesley Vachell. (Hodder and Stoughton.

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7s. 6d. net.)—Mr. Vachell succeeds in interesting the reader in his book whenever he deals with the commercial methods of Watling's, an enormous modern store, instead of with...

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FINANCIAL NOTE

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The results of the Columbia Graphophone Company provide a striking commentary upon the world-wide popularitwif the gramophone, for the company is paying a total dividend,...