14 APRIL 1923

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NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE immediate centre of interest is not this week, as it has been for so long, the general European situation. The Franco-German 'war of wills is incon- testably entering on a...

The dispute in the building trade has, on the other

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hand, reached a crisis. The employers last Saturday posted notices which will come into effect this Saturday, and will thus, if nothing occurs in the meantime, bring about a...

Meanwhile some-very interesting light has been thrown on the "

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Building Rings," of whose existence we have heard so much and of whose doings so little. In last Saturday's Manchester Guardian there appeared a letter signed " Contractor "...

At present it has been decided not to negotiate, but

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simply to allow a national railway strike to occur if and when the companies enforce their demands. But on Monday Mr. J. H. Thomas made a speech in which he urged the men to...

At home, unfortunately, events which claim our atten- tion are

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crowding down from the industrial world. Although nothing very serious has yet occurred, there Is a general sense of foreboding. and pessimism on both ;ides that is very...

The position in that perhaps most vital of all industries

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—the railways—is as follows. The employers want to cut down the wages of certain " shopmen " by 8s. 6d. aweek, and ask the Unions to agree to consider a reduction of another 8s....

The men will submit to arbitration on the question of

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the legality of the masters' action, but will not allow the other matters to be submitted. The masters will admit arbitration only if the whole dispute is put before the...

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As it was the Government had to issue an official

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state- ment of their policy on the .recommendations of the Tribunal of Agricultural Investigation. It consists of three points : (i.) The Government consider that the Railway...

Of the -two Irelands the Southern •still serves to point

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amoral and the Northern to adorn•a tale. From Dublin the -news is still of disorder -and 'crime, although the Government is undoubtedly ma-king -slow -headway against the forces...

On Tuesday the-unexpected happened, and the Govern- ment were defeated

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by seven votes on a motion "that the Speaker -do -now -leave the chair " for -the House to go into Committee of Supply on the. Civil Service Esti- mates. This was not apparently...

There have been, and still are, other industrial disturbances. The

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miners' strike in the Rhondda Valley against non-Union workers and workers in other Unions has ended in a compromise, all the underground workers joining the Union and all the...

On Wednesday the .sequel to the Government defeat was such

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an .uproar and ,disturbance that the House had to be adjourned. This was not, however, merely an expression of jubilation over the victory of the Opposition , or of impatience...

The chief issue of detail .about the coming Budget is

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the proposed tax on Betting. Mr. Stanley Baldwin is said to favour it, but opposition is feared from religious bodies. As we have already said, we .can see absolutely no...

On Monday the chief business before the House was a

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Government Bill to enable Special Constables to be enrolled without there being a probability of disturbance in the neighbourhood concerned. The Labour Party opposed the Bill...

On Monday Parliament went back to work. Before Easter the

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main task of the House was discussion of the European situation and of Socialism. It was per- forming the second of its great functions—that of a permanent inquest for the...

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Among the " Letters to the Editor " this week

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will be found an appeal signed by several very distinguished men- on behalf of the Central Discharged Prisoners' Aid Society. The committees of this Society have weekly to deal....

If it may be said without contempt of the Soviet

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court there is little doubt what the' result of the trial Win be. The general horror in this country at the recent events. in Russia seems chiefly to have been provoked by the...

It stems. that a new , discovery in artificial lighting - ha'S been

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made by M. Risler, a young Freneh - scientist who in former - days was head of the labonsitmies: of Strasburg University. The light produced appears to be heatless and in...

The Imperial. Conference is to take place this year Its

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first meeting has been fixed for October 1st. At the same time the Imperial Economic Conference will be held. All the Dominion Prime Ministers, with the possible exception of...

The result of the Anglesey by-election was declared on Monday

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:in. favour of the Liberal candidate; Sir R. J. Thomas. The figures: were :— Sir it J. Thomas (L.) .. • • • • .. Mr. E. T. John (Lab.) .. • • .1. 8,868 Mr. R. a Roterts' (C.)...

We again wish to acknowledge the receipt of numerous applications

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for Life Membership, and to thank, our readers for this signal mark of confidence. Next week we hope to deal with some of the question& of detail that have arisen in connexion...

The trial - of the Patriarch Tikhon by the Soviet Govern- ment

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is to take place shortly in Moscow. The three charges brought against him are as follows :- " (a) Taking part in the counter-revolutionary activity at. the time of the...

News from Rumania is very bad.. The Government has passed

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a series of measures amounting to a- reversal of the policy of the charter of Alba Julia. of 1918 which was to have formed the basis of a " Greater Rumania " built up on the...

Bank Rate, 8 per cent., changed frontal pet cent Jribt

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18; 1921; 5 per cent. War Loan was on Thursday, 10211; Thursday week 102114 ;- a year ago, 1001.-

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE FARMER MUST HELP HIMSELF. 1 1 HE Interim Report issued by the Tribunal on Agriculture is an unexpected document. The Tribunal, with a large professorial element in its...

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THE NEW LEVIATHAN.

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T HERE has always been a lingering flavour of Mr. Bernard Shaw about Signor Mussolini. And now we have him writing a long article on a theme which Mr. Shaw. expressed in a...

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M. LOITCHEUR'S VISIT.

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TT is not surprising that M. Loucheur's visit to London caused an extraordinary variety of rumours. Why had he come ? Was France changing her policy ? Was this mission,...

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THE SOLUBBI AND THE SEA.

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K owErr is a port i n the double sense of the word, as much a mouth of- the desert as. a- harbour of the sea. Boat-building, the pearl' and fish industry, the -carrying trade...

MARRIED WOMEN AND WORK.---V.

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[Miss Sybil Thorndike, though unable to find time to write an article, recently expressed her views on this subject to a member of the Spectator staff. We do not, of course,...

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THE

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ENGLISH-SPEAKING WORLD. BY EVELYN WRENCH. M IGRATION problems are being much discussed at the present time, as these notes have frequently shown, and there are many who seem...

THE PAGE MEMORIAL FUND.

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THE following is the list of donations received by the English-Speaking Union and the Spectator for the Page Memorial Fund :- ELEVENTH LIST OF DONATIONS. £ a. d. £ s. d. Mr....

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One may approach the problem of emigration from the British

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Isles either from the Imperial point of view or from that of the individual settler. Regarded from the former standpoint, the task of filling up the empty spaces in the...

A very large employer in the United States, who has

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been in Great Britain during the past week, in the course of a discussion on the present labour shortage asked the writer : " What would the British people think if the United...

Lord Inchcape returned this week from his important work on

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the Retrenchment Committee in India, where he has been wielding the economy axe with no less vigour than it was used by Sir Eric Geddes in London. Out of a total expenditure of...

It is interesting to note from the announcements in the

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American Press that the regular passenger sailings of North-German Lloyd between New York and Bremen will be resumed on July 7th, with the departure of the S.S. Muenchen ' of...

The Toronto Globe seems to anticipate that the pendu- lum

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may soon swing in the opposite direction. " When the seasonal rush is over in motor factories "—and in parenthesis it is interesting to note that in the month of February...

The Toronto correspondent of the Manchester Guardian reports that there

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is a steady stream southward, all along the frontier from Nova Scotia to British Columbia, of Canadian emigrants, attracted by the high American wages. " Some trade unions," he...

Is there not a possibility that in the future organiza-

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tion of Western civilization Labour will become much more mobile ? Just as before the War a huge army of Italian workers left their native land for short periods for seasonal...

The United States is now attracting so many Canadians, according

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to. the Toronto Globe, because there is an industrial boom across the Border and the scarcity of mechanics and manual workers in the Northern States has compelled employers to...

The Postmaster-General is to be congratulated on the appointment of

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a strong committee " to consider in the light of recent progress in wireless science the possibility from a technical standpoint of Transatlantic wireless telephony of...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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THE OUTLOOK IN SOUTHERN IRELAND. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—The enclosed letter, which I have just received from a friend in Cork, illustrates the unhappy state of...

MARRIED WOMEN AND WORK.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—On page 512 of your issue for March 24th you have a moving poem by Katharine Tynan wherein "The dead men to the living call : Brothers...

MERCHANDISE MARKS BILL.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Your correspondent, " Fairplay," denies that, if legis- lation. of this kind is enacted, imports will be restricted and go elsewhere. He...

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AGRICULTURE AND THE STATE.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—While few people will be found to disagree with the Prime Minister's declaration that Protection or subsidies are out of the question in...

THE NORFOLK STRIKE.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sni,—Can you find room for a plea for the Norfolk labourers from one who has lived among them for more than twenty years ? There is no strike...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Matrimony and work of

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some kind have usually so close a connexion that the question in part answers itself. But if by work is meant a profession requiring both strict adherence to a specified output...

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ACROSTICS.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Allow me a little egotism, or what may seem like it. Though a would-be solver intermittently for years past, I have never been a...

THE DISTRESS IN ANATOLIA.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sur,—I beg to enclose herein a letter addressed to the British Red Crescent Society by Mr. L. R. Whittall, a member of the English Bar,...

THE RUSSIAN CATHEDRAL AT WARSAW.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—In your issue of April 7th (page 574) the proposed pulling down by the Poles of the Orthodox Cathedral is com- pared to destroying the...

HELPING THE EX- PRISONER.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—We understand that the Central Discharged Prisoners' Aid Society is endeavouring to secure a guaranteed increase of income of at least...

"AN EYE FOR AN EYE."

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Under the above heading in your issue of April 7th, there is a letter in which it is stated as an instance of German " chivalry " during...

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ECONOMICAL SPEED.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Referring to the letter and your footnote on the above subject in your current issue, I made a number of experiments some years ago which...

AN IRISH STORY.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—May I say that in your issue of the 7th, in referring to my short story, " The Witch," which appears in the April number of the National...

A MATERIAL REVIEW.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] is very helpful to a shopkeeper to have his wares so carefully examined and authoritatively criticized. We get plenty of criticism, of course,...

" THE UNTIDY BOY."

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—You like curiosities of literature. Does the following appeal to you ? A small boy of eleven here showed a rooted aversion to brushing...

POETRY.

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BROTHER OR STRANGER ? " He, nor that affable familiar ghost Which nightly gulls him with intelligence." --SHAKESPEARE. BROTHER or stranger, active friend or foe ? I do not...

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THE THEATRE.

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" ANGELO" AT DRURY LANE. " AT least," said my companion. as we left the theatre, " it is a new kind of badness." It is, for - in Angelo we have an example of the legitimate...

"POLLY" AT THE CHELSEA PALACE:

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WE might call the Chelsea Palace production of Polly the proletarian version in contrast to its Savoy rival. There was certainly a great deal that one would call " common " in...

BOOKS.

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THIS- WEEK'S BOOKS.. MR. SHANE LESLIE'S Life of Mark Sykes (Messrs. Cassell) - has appeared. Commemorating - a man notable above all for the attraction - which he had for his...

(The usual "Recreations - of London" will be found on p. 639.)

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MR. CHURCHILL'S BOOK ON THE WAR.*

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Ma. Caunclur.s., as statesman-author, is more nearly than anybody else a successor to Disraeli. He bids for the attention of both the simple and the subtle ; he has a flair.; he...

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LORD TENNYSON.* WHEN Mr. Harold Nicolson and Mr. Hugh Fausset

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both brought out studies of Lord Tennyson from the modern point of view in the same month everybody said, " What a pity." Perhaps Mr. Fausset was especially commiserated as the...

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A PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION.*

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IT is difficult for the English student to take Signor Gentile quite so seriously as he takes himself. The dignified back scratching, the brotherly love indulged in between...

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FICTION;

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THE LADYBIRD.* A PARADOX is a truism standing on its head. When Mr. Ford Madox Hueffer said that no reader ever cared what a book was about he evolved a typical paradox, though...

A TIDE OF REMEMBRANCE.*

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HERE are three books that take us back to three very different worlds. Sir Henry Robinson gives us the history of his forty years' administrative work in Ireland.' We are glad...

TWO WELSH PLAYS.t

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THAT Wales has a modern literature of her own, young poets and dramatists with their own problems, their own battles to fight against tradition, the Saxon—to whom the Welsh...

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PERIODICALS.

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Gerarchia : Rivista. Politica. Direttore : Benito Mussolini (Monthly. Lire 2.50.). The pious-lookin g blue outer cover of this review—somewhat reminiscent of a parish...

The Cow Jumped Over the Moon. By T. B. Morton.

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(Philip Allan. 7s. 6d. net.) An unsophisticated story of a boisterous younger generation in victorious contact with an impossibly Victorian older generation. The chapters on...

A very lon g and detailed account of a month's doings

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at a public office durin g the 'War. No doubt the conversations, &c., are true to life, but the small details of administration are tedious, except to the administrators. The...

Next of Kin. By W. E. Norris. (Hutchinson. 7s. 6d.

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net.) Though Mr. Norris is intellectually convinced that he is writing in the period after the War, the standpoint from which he views the world has not moved since the first...

FIERY PARTICLES.*

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THE fact that Mr. Montagae had published his masterpiece, Disenchantment, but some months before this book of short stories led us to look for too much in them. If, like the...

Madame Claire. By Susan Ertz. (T. Fisher Unwin. 7s. 6d.

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net.) Surely no one but the author of a first novel, would be so rash_ as to take a woman of nearly eighty as the heroine of a story. The book, which deals with everyday life,...

7s. 6d.)

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This charming story, which is more particularly suitable for girls, of a Dublin waif who became ac q uainted with some well-to-do children and the- subsequent improvement of her...

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THE LAW.

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The Law of Allotments. By E. Lawrence Mitchell. (P. S. King. 7s. 6d. net.) The value of Mr. Mitchell's exposition of the law with regard to allotments is shown by the fact that...

The Quarterly Review.

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The Quarterly preserves its record for expert reviewing. There is no journal which provides a greater solidity of fare. We ado not want to see the Quarterly turn sensational,...

The Fortnightly Review.

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Mr. R. Bruce Lockhart contributes a well-informed pen- portrait of Trotsky. We have, fortunately, got beyond the time when we were assured on all hands that Russian Bolshe-...

The Royal Engineers' Journal. (Hugh Rees. 58.) The Institution of

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Royal Engineers, which has recently received a Royal Charter, has decided to convert its old- established Journal into a quarterly. The first number of the new issue justifies...

The Nineteenth Century.

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Those who are interested in the ethics of journalism (and many readers seem to be realizing how much the problem concerns them) will do well to buy the April number of the...

It is noteworthy that in this address to the Glasgow

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Juridical Society Lord Justice Younger should have thought fit to discuss at length the internment of German civilians during the War and the confiscation of their...

The newly founded Institute of Public Administration has begun well

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by issuing this substantial and sober quarterly, which contains some noteworthy papers. Lord Haldane's inaugural address on " An Organized Civil Service " comes first, followed...

The author of Interpretations of Legal History is, as Dr.

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Hazeltine points out, one of the foremost jurisprudential thinkers of our time, and in this book he displays a wide and intimate knowledge not only of the history of juristic...

MEMOIRS.

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The Days of a Man. By David Starr Jordan. 2 vols. (Yonkers, New York : World Publishing Co. $15.) The publication of colossal memoirs is an indulgence which it is dangerous to...

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Sell's Directory of Registered _Telegraphic Addresses, 1923. (Business Directories. 45s.

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net.) This well-known directory is admirably compiled. The two lists of firm and of telegraphic addresses and the classified list of trades in Great Britain are, of course, in...

Recollections of a Labour Pioneer. By F. W. Soutter. (T.

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Fisher Unwiri.) In this autobiography Mr. Soutter, late in a long life, shows himself to have been a man of public spirit and of unquenchable fire. Our fathers would with one...

WORKS OF REFERENCE.

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The Year-book of the Universities of the Empire, 1923. Edited by W. H. Dawson. (Bell.) This useful book, published for the Universities Bureau of the British Empire, gives...

The Stock Exchange Official Intelligence for 1923. (Spottiss woods, Ballantyne.

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£4 net.) Most of the people Who use this book daily and hourly take it for granted, not stopping to reflect on the immense labour and skill which have gone to build up, through...

The Education Act, 1921. Edited by Sir John Lithiby. (Charles

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Knight and Co. 57s. 6d. net.) The twenty-second edition of Owen's Education Acts Manual, originally produced by Sir Hugh Owen and carried by him through twenty editions, is now...

This is the eighty-sixth yearly issue of an indispensable index

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to publications. From the preface we learn that last year's new books numbered 8,754, three less than in the pre- vious year, while the new editions numbered 2,088, or 181 less...

Index to Tripos Lists, 1748-1910. By C. W. Previte-Orton. (Cambridge

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University Press. 10s. net.) The learned Librarian of St. John's has compiled an excellent index to the Tripos lists contained in the Cambridge Historical Register. It will be a...

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FINANCE-PUBLIC & PRIVATE.

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[BY OUR CITY EDITOR.] DEBT REDEMPTION AND MARKETS. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Stn,—It is no infrequent experience to find that the reassembling of Parliament...

LIGHT FICTION.

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GREEN BUTTERFLIES. By Roy Bridges. (Hutchinson. 7s. 6d.) Tasmania when It was called Van Diemen's Land is the scene of this very striking novel. The story be g ins in the Penal...

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FINANCIAL NOTES.

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There seems every reason to hope that the threatened Labour troubles, which at one time occasioned a set-back in Railway stocks during the past week, will not materialize. All...

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MATERIAL REVIEW.

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THE NO. 12 " QUIET MODEL " REMINGTON TYPEWRITER. THE principal feature of the latest Remington type- writer is the silencing of its action. Though it cannot, and, in fact, does...

ROADS AND THEIR USERS.

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ROAD TRANSPORT.—I. THE VALUE OF INDEPENDENCE. By LORD MONTAGU OF BEAULIEU. T ILL the coming of the motor-vehicle few people realized how entirely the transport of all passen-...