The winter rains and the League of Nations' Commis- sioners
have arrived together at Mosul. The rains as' well as the Turks are driving down into the plains of Iraq the hill-folk from beyond the " Brussels line to mingle with the refugees who have survived in terrible plight their expulsion by the Turks from Christian' villages. Whethbr the Turkish. Government is actively, responsible or merely incompetent to make its soldiers carry out its amiable professions towards the Christian minorities we cannot say. The account given by the Times correspondent on October 30th describes con- ditions that call urgently for action, and it is to the British and Iraq Governments that the victims look' for help. What our troops on the spot can do in the way of relief they are doing, but they cannot do all that is needed. What the League of Nations may do through Dr. Nansen's organization cannot be done immediately. The Archbishops and other • religious leaders have signed an earnest appeal issued by the Assyrians and Iraq Christians Committee on behalf of these people for whom we have such heavy moral responsibilities.