29 OCTOBER 1927

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On Tuesday the caucus of the Nationalist Party accepted the

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agreement which General Hertzog and General Smuts had reached. The groundwork of the Flag is to be the orange,, white and . blue :horizontal stripes proposed' by the Government,...

The puzzle is why the quarrel ever arose. When General

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Hertzog declared his satisfaction with the definition given by the Imperial Conference of the status of South Africa, the design of a flag could not possibly affect the...

EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHIND OFFICES : 13 York Street, Covent Garden,

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London, W.C. 2.—A Subscription to the SPECTATOR costs Thirty 'Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the world. The SPECTATOR is registered as a Newspaper. The...

It is difficult to disentangle from all the rumours the

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truth of what is happening in RuMania. Apparently Prince - Carol, who last year renounced his rights .of succession, would like to become king after all if he can obtain...

News of the Week

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T HE settlement at the eleventh hour of the South African Flag controversy is a relief to the whole Empire. The Union of South Africa is to be heartily con- gratulated on...

The Northern forces of Chang Tso-lin have not actively followed

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up the defeated army of Yen Hsi-shan, and the delay suggests that negotiations have been renewed. Another possible explanation is that the exhaustion and the damage to bridges...

Page 2

We greatly regret to record the death of Lord Cambridge,

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the Queen's elder surviving brother. Every grief of the Royal Family, who were never more greatly respected than now and never safer in the affection of the nation, is reflected...

Our own view is that the British delegates were of

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all the delegates the least to blame for the failure. It was well known beforehand that the British Government would feel bound to insist upon the exceptional naval needs of the...

Speaking to the Congress of the Federation Inter- nationale des

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Unions Intellectuelles at Frankfurt last Saturday, Lord Birkenhead said some very sensible things. He deprecated holding a post mortal?, on the present situation of Europe, by...

As the London Traffic Advisory Committee has quickly become much

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more than an advisory body and is really looked up to as the chief traffic authority, it might be as well that it should itself be vested , with considerable if not complete...

It seems that the discussions between the Vatican and the

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Fascist Government in regard to the temporal demands of the Papacy have once more broken down. There has been no rupture, but merely a failure to agree. All that can be said is...

The important Report of the London Traffic Advisory Committee has

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been published. The Government, following the practice which they have recently formed, are circulating the Report to all the traffic authorities. It is understood that if the...

It must be admitted that a British Government who signed

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away the traditional naval supremacy of Great Britain would have to take their courage in both hands. Whatever the enthusiasts may say, such a thing could hardly have been done...

We have written elsewhere about Lord Cecil's address on disarmament

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to the League of Nations Union, but must mention here Mr. Lloyd George's speech on the same subject in the Queen's Hall on Monday. The burden of Mr. Lloyd George's vivid remarks...

Page 3

Bank Rate, 41 per cent., changed from 5 per cent.,

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on April 21st, 1927. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 100 j g ; on Wednesday week 10211 ; a year ago 99 j r . Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 858 ; on...

Mr. Justice Branson, addressing the Grand Jury at Chester, told

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the heart-rending story of a father who was indicted at the Assizes for the murder of his child. The father was evidently an unselfish and affectionate man who had been driven...

In sum, the Archbishop holds that the Bishop of Birmingham

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unduly enlarged the scope of his " negative and destructive " statements, applying to many strictures that might have been fairly applied to a few. The Archbishop's remarks...

The papers of Monday published the reply of the Archbishop

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of Canterbury to the Bishop of Birmingham's open letter. The reply is written with a beautiful appreciation of the exact value of words. It is, we think, just, and it is...

The Italian liner, Principessa Mafalda,' foundered on Tuesday night off

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the Brazilian coast, between Bahia and Rio de Janeiro. The first reports to reach England were truly alarming ; it seemed that many hundreds of lives had been lost. But when we...

We sincerely hope that the Government, if they receive favourable

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replies to the Report, will act quickly. The traffic in the London streets now is surely a plain enough warning to anybody of what is likely to happen within a very few years if...

The Slaughter of Animals (Scotland) Bill will come up for

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its third reading on November 15th. It is a Private Bill, but we hope the Government, even at this late stage, may adopt it. They have been charged with a lack of courage, but...

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Parliament and the Prayer Book

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T HE first stage in the revision of the Prayer Book has arrived with the presentation of the Measure by the Church Assembly's Legislative Committee to the Ecclesiastical...

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A Choice of Risks r ORD CECIL has begun admirably

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to make use of 1 his freedom from office. As we read what he said about disarmament in his address to the General Council of the League of Nations Union on Friday, October 21st,...

Page 6

Some Chelsea Landlords and their Tenants

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B URNING words have been spoken . by. Bishops and others with regard to the responsibility of those who derive rents from the areas of misery where vermin and darkness are doing...

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The Slum Problem I

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[In subsequent articles, Mr. Townroe will briefly describe the i situation in Glasgow, Leamington, Cheltenham, and Cambridge.— En. Spectator.] E ZRA BOLT is a fisherman living...

German Paths to Health and Beauty

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WEOE ZU KRAFT UND SCHONHEIT is a six-reel " film of physical culture propaganda which has had an astonishing vogue in Germany. The Ufa company gave me a private view of it and I...

Page 8

The Idea of Reincarnation

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F ORTY years ago, working in the London slums,. seeing occasionally, when the public-houses closed, the mob of rowdy, swearing, animalized men and. women hurtling out into the...

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Three Autumns in Bulgaria

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Autumn, 1903. B ULGARIA was seething with excitement. Still formally an autonomous principality tributary to the Sublime Porte, the revolution then raging in Macedonia had...

Page 10

Back to the Stone Age N O Sahib had ever been

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this way before, so the villa g ers said. It was nothin g but a ra gg ed collection of huts, buried far away in the heart of the jun g le. Here dwell the Suntals, an abori g ine...

Page 11

Music

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[The NEW " GROVE "] THE third edition of Grove's Dictionary will be published monthly up till next February. The first volume—" A to C," has already appeared, and gives us...

Art

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[ROYAL INSTITUTE OF OIL PAINTERS, THE BEAUX ARTS GALLES.Y, AND THE ST. GEORGE'S GALLERY] IT is late now to write of the Royal Institute of Oil Painters, but their ih ow at 195...

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Poetry

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The Lost Mammalian Eye WHEN Nature sifted out our eyes From cruder visual stuff, She felt a troubling dolibt arise If two would prove enough. So, on the head's unfeatured...

Correspondence

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[A LETTER FROM DUBLIN.] [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, ,–The death of Cardinal O'Donnell is an event of greater historical importance than is generally realized. That...

Page 13

The League of Nations

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Varied Tasks in Many Fields FIGHTING THE DRUG TRAFFIC. At the recent meeting of the Op Advisory - Committee of the League of Nations two very interesting schemes for the...

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Along some of our loveliest valleys, such as the Lea

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Valley, and across favourite landscapes are now being erected the ornate gallows that are to carry cheap electricity into our country places. The benefit should be great ; and...

A SELF-SUFFICING HOME.

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Now a good many countrymen as well as industrialists are feeling ' after this idea. One of the more interesting endeavours has been made in the Eastern Counties by a country...

Again, the Government scheme of cottage holdings might well have

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adopted the attractive name of Homecroft. The idea is very much the same, that a producer of food from the land need not spend his whole time or even the chief part of his or...

Some while ago it would have been scarcely possible to

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carry out the idea, at any rate in the October garden. But of recent years few flowers have been more radically improved and varied than Michaelmas daisies. They contain as many...

Everyone who cares for birds should share the interest of

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inventors in the prize of £100, offered by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, to anyone who shall find an efficient substitute for the caged bird as an agent for...

Country Life

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Tr1E , first six .members of a colony of Homecrofters, originated by Professor Scott, are just going into residence " by Cheltenham. The group of allotment homes, if I may use...

A most novel book—mostly consisting of tables—was written not long

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since by Mr. John Fothergill, artist, archaeologist, and now inn-keeper, on the colour of flowers in relation to date. It perfectly enables the gardener to map out his colour-...

MORE CROP-DRYING.

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The question of crop-drying by artificial means, discussed in this place some weeks ago, begins to excite interest—my postbag tells me—in more than one European country. The...

Page 15

CASTING OF BEASTS FOR JEWISH SLAUGHTER [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In his letter which you publish Professor Leonard Hill states " There was no cruelty of any kind in tho casting as I witnessed it previous to making my...

Letters to the Editor

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THE PRAYER BOOK CONTROVERSY [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—It is . a pity that the main purpose of those responsible for the Deposited Book, the enrichment of the...

Page 16

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—I read your article on Open-Air Schools with great interest and agreed with many of the points contained therein. We must not, however, lose sight of the fact that we...

OPEN-AIR SCHOOLS [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—Most open-air schools start as sanatoria. It is when children are ill that they are stripped, exposed to free air and sunshine, and allowed to return to nature. The high...

IN DEFENCE OF HUNTING [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Smn,—Were it not fbr the fact that no many letters have appeared in the Press recently in condemnation of hunting, displaying a lack of knowledge of country life and the place...

Page 17

THE UNIONIST PARTY AND THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS [To the

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Editor of the SPECTATOR.] am most grateful to Mr. Noel Baker for the letter which appears in your issue of October 15th. He says quite truly that the League exists for two...

Page 18

THE SLUMS OF WESTMINSTER •

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In reference to your article in last week's Spectator on the Joint Report of the Westminster Housing and Public Health Committee, may I...

DR. BARNES AND EVOLUTION

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—Your columns seem to give the impression that there are only two classes of Christians, sacerdotalists and evolutionists. The writer of...

A PEACE CRUSADE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—A sparsely attended League of Nations meeting, to- gether with other recent items in the papers, prompts me to write and ask if we realize...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—The Westminster City Council,

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in a Report which pur- ports being a reply to the " Survey on Housing Conditions in the Victoria Ward. Westminster," issued by the Westniinster . Survey Group, and to your...

Page 19

MODERN INDIA [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sta,---In my

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letter on the above subject which appeared in the Spectator of July 16th, I regret that * my Word " Babus " should have been read 'by you in three places as " babies." I said :...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, —May I congratulate you

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on the splendid way you arc insisting on the truth about the slums of Westminster ? As a member of the Westminster Committee of C.C.II.F., St. Gabriel's . School care committee,...

A LIFE OF SIR CHARLES WARREN. [To the Editor of

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the SPEC'TATOR.] SIR,- -I have been asked to collect material with a view to a publication of a Life and Letters of my father-in-law, the late General Sir Charles Warren. May I...

Page 20

A LEAGUE OF -NATIONS PROBLEM

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sta,—In the Spectator of October 1st you say : " It is universally acknowledged that Germany has leaped into a Prominent position in the...

REFORMED SPELLING

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] ,SIR, --During a recent short visit in the U.S.A. to friends who have retained such connexion with their French origin as to speak little else...

"PAUL I."

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I am interested to note the exception taken by your correspondent, Mr. Guy Locock, to my use of the word " melodramatic " in connexion...

THE DEPARTMENT OF OVERSEAS TRADE

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_ - . - [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sta,—The Department of Overseas Trade is maintained at a heavy cost 7 -although, by the way, it was to be abolished in the name Of...

THE REV. H. WILFORD OF ALBERT4

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, — For several years past some unknown friend has sent me the Spectator to my home in Calgary, Alberta. I have left Canada and returned to...

A MYSTERIOUS SPIDER

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th e SPECTATOR.] [To the Editor of th . . SIR,—I should be grateful if any of your readers could kindly explain to me the mysterious behaviour of a spider in my kitchen. About...

Page 21

pectator

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FINANCIAL SUPPLEMENT BANKING AND INSURANCE No. 5,183.] WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1927. [GB ATIS.

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The Duties and Responsibilities of the Banker

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IT •is true that in his address last week to the Central Council of the Economic League the Chairman of Lloyds Bank, Mr. J. Beaumont Pease, dealt very directly with Socialist...

Page 25

Bankers' Balance Sheets

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Should Fuller Details be Given ? Two of the great requirements of traders to-day are facts and the ability to appreciate and use them. Until a - few years ago, merchants and...

Page 29

— a - National Credit " Delusions I AM well aware that any

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mention of that " intangible " subject, CUrrency and Credit, usually _results in a cold shiver down the backs of even the most eathtilic of readers. That eminent economist the...

Page 31

Choosing Insurance Shares Points for Investors

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IN the Insurance Share market investors who are strongly imbued with the importance of the " Safety First ' principle have a natural objective. The word " natural " is used...

Page 33

Deferred Assurances for Children

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PERHAPS the best of all policies is that which is taken out in childhood at an extremely low rate of premium, which remains unaltered through life. For example, if a. policy is...

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London: Printed by NV_ SPLA1GIIT nal) SONS, LTD., 98 and

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99 Fetter Lane, E.C. 4, and Published by TILE SprevATort. LTD., at their Offices, No 13 York titrez7t, Covent Widen, London, W.U. 2.--Saturday, Oclok: 29, 1927.

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In The Old Flying Days Major C. C. Turner (Sampson

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Low, Marston, 25s.) has produced a pleasant history, which actual and intending aeronauts will welcome. We hope to review these books on flying later. * * * *

There is no end to the activity of Major Gordon

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Home's informing pen and artistically industrious pencil, and once again the skill of both is displayed in Edinburgh (Black). How the publishers can produce a comely book like...

Some Books of the Week

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SIR SAMUEL HOARE has made a very human document out of his journey to India by Air (Longmans, Green. 6s. 6d.). Sir Samuel evidently throughly enjoyed the whole trip and his...

Lady Wilson's charming introduction to her father's book (Impressions and

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Memories, by Lord Ribblesdale, Cassell, 15s.), which she has edited, is of a piece with the book itself. Lord Ribblesdale was exceedingly popular with everyone, for he had a...

Why has The Evolution of the English Hymn—cm Historical Survey

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of the Origin and Development of the Hymns of the Christian Church, by F. J. Gillman (Allen and Unwin, 10s. 6d.), such an awkward title ? It is a delight to turn its pages. Mr....

aspects of contemporary American life. The book is written in

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German, with a more than German thoroughness, but the style throughout is singularly lucid. Hence it is that we are able to pass easily from political, economic, and religious...

Prince of Wales' Own is fortunate in having secured the

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services of Captain Everard Wyrall's practised pen in bringing to completion the history of its many battalions that helped to lead the Great War to a victorious conclusion. Not...

There is abundant room for a new study of Gladstone

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such as Mr. Osbert Burdett has written (W. E. Gladstone. Constable. 12s. 6d.). Of late years much more attention has been given to his great rival Disraeli than to the "...

Colonel Lindbergh's own biography, We—Pilot and Plane

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(Putman - is, 7s. 6d.), is an absorbingly interesting book, which merits a longer review than we can now give it. What we have just said of the Air Minister's volume applies...

from a Motor (12s. 6d.). Though it will not supplant

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Mr. Bensusan's masterly book on the country, Mr. Vernon's contains plenty of lively chat on both Algeria and Morocco, and in addition he quotes with effect extracts from other...

" General - KnoivIetige " Competition will be found of)

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p. 743 this wezle. -•

Page 36

A Literary Mystification

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READERS of The Mill on the Floss will remember that the effect of a clarifying discussion on Mr. Tulliver's mind was to convince him that talking was " puzzling work," and this...

St. Bernard

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Studies in St. Bernard of Clairvaux. By Watkin W. Williams, D.D. (S.P.C.K. 7s. Gd.) THERE are many counts on which English students of Church history should feel a peculiar...

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Gilbert and Sullivan

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Sir Arthur Sullivan. By Herbert Sullivan and Newman Flower. (Cassell. 21s.) Gilbert, Sullivan, and D'Oyly Carte. By Francois Cellier and Cunningham Bridgexnan. New Edition....

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Moberly Bell of " The Times "

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The Life and Letters of C. F. Moberly Bell. By his daughter E. H. C. Moberly Bell. (The Richards Press. 1 5s.) MOBERLY BELL'S life is largely a history of the Times during forty...

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Kenya from Within

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Kenya from Within : a Short Political History. By W. McGregor Ross. (Allen and Unwin. 18s.) THERE is a steady flow of books about Kenya, and it is well that it should be so,...

Our Iceberg Selves

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THAT poor little, pretty, fluttering thing, the soul, is often rather severely handled by the psycho-analysts. We shudder at Freud and regard the large tomes of Professor Jung...

The Road to Prosperity

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Industry and Politics. By Sir Alfred Mond. (Macmillan. 12s. 6d.) SIR ALFRED Moan, fortified by long experience in the direction of great industries, is striving to promote...

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" An Old Spirit of Spring 2!

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Disraeli. A Picture of the Victorian Age. By Andre Maurois. (The Bodley Head. 12s. 6d.) • DISRAELI, who hiniself advised us to read only biographies (" the best form of history...

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Page 43

A Master Musician

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THE public is always ready for a new book upon an old theme, for there is always the possibility that new evidence has been discovered, or that the old evidence has been newly...

The Romance of the Spade

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The' Glamour of Near East Excavation. By James Baikie. (Seeley, Service. 10s. Gd.) Tun spade, in practised hands, has revealed the Ancient East to us. Within the last century...

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Fiction

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Nymph and Schoolboy Jeremy at Crayle. By Hugh Walpole. (Cassell. 7s. Gd.) IT is almost inevitable that the immediate successor of a really triumphant novel should be something...

HERE COMES AN OLD SAILOR. By Alfred Tresidder Sheppard. (Hodder

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and Stoughton. 7s. 6c1.)—This is essentially a poet's novel, which, though realistic enough in places and abounding in humour, is illuminated throughout by a quiet, inner glow...

UNCLE TOM PUDD : a Biographical Romance. By Laurence Housman.

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(Cape. 6s.}—The publishers ask if Uncle Tom Pudd was a real person. In his introduction, Mr. Housman says : " It may well be that he comes here as an unbelievable character."...

ALIEN CORN. By Phyllis Hambledon. (Sampson Low, Marston and Co.

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7s. 6d.)—This delightful story is con- cerned with the marriage of a girl of Polish origin, but brought up in Bohemian circles in France, with a typical member of the English...

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A PASSIONATE REBEL. By Pamela Wynne. (Philip Allan. 7s. 6d.)-Miss

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Wynne is not very successful in her modern version of The Taming of the Shrew. In fact, the criticism which was once applied to one of Disraeli's novels that it was written by...

THE PAGODA. By Marjorie Bowen. (Hodder and Stoughton. 7s. 6d.)-We

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expect of " best-sellers " certain stock types of character. This time Miss Bowen has chosen, with Touraine for the background, the elderly widow who is still hungry - for...

THE BLESSING OF PAN. By Lord Dunsany. (G. P. Putnam.

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7s. 6d.)-Since Lord Dunsany is a scrupulous artist, with much fine imagination, one often wonders that he so seldom secures the entire sympathy of his reader. From his gem-built...

A Library List

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BIOGRAPHY :-Cromwell. By John Drinkwater. (Hodder and Stoughton. 2s. 6d.) - Eighty Years : Soldiering- Politics-Games. by General Sir Neville Lyttelton, G.C.B. (Hodder and...

KITTY. By Warwick Deeping. (Cassell. 7s. ad.)- " Highbrow "

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readers who like modem problems and Freudian psychology will do well to leave Mr. Warwick Deeping's novels alone. On the other hand, those who like a warm human interest...

FLAMINGO. By Mary Borden. (Heinemann. 7s. 6d.)- Miss Mary Borden

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has surpassed herself ; and the con- struction of her newest and best novel is very unusual*. She begins by showing us pictures of New York and London, the former " a portrait...

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Current Literature

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• THE . IMMORTAL STORY. (British and Foreign Bible Society. 6d.)—This delightfully written little book seeks to present some aspects of the Bible Society's work in the world...

WHAT I SAW IN RUSSIA. By Maurice Baring. (Heine mann.

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8s. 6d.)—Apart from the distinction of Mr. Maurice Baring's style, which it is always a pleasure to meet, it is difficult to understand the justification for the appearance of...

OFFICIAL HISTORY OF THE WAR. Vol. III. France and '

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Belgium, 1915. Compiled by Brigadier-General J. E. Edmonds and Captain G. C. Wynne. Illustrated with Mapa and Sketches by Major A. F. Becke. (Macmillan. 12s. 6d.)—If the history...

THE MACROPULOS SECRET. By Karel Capek. (Holden. 5s.)—This play deals

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with • the new scientificproblem of be longevity and was written fore Back to Methuselah appeared. . An interesting comparison might be instituted. Despite his own preface,...

ENGLISH LETTER WRITERS. Selected by R. Brimley Johnson. (Gerald Howe.

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7s. 6d.)—In this anthology Mr. , Johnson has attempted, with difficulty; to show the function . of letter writing as a mirror of contemporary life and thought from Sir Thomas...

FRANCE AND AMERICA : SOME EXPERIENCES IN CO-OPERATION. By Andre

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Tardieu. (G. Allen and Unwin. 12s.)—M. Tardieu, one of the ablest of French statesmen, represented his country for a time at Washington as High Commissioner and knows America...

RE-FORGING AMERICA : THE STORY OF OUR NATIONHOOD. By Lothrop

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Stoddard. (Charles Scribnees Sons. 12s. 6d.)—Dr. Stoddard's able and interesting book is substantially a defence of the Immigration Act of 1924, under Which eventually no more...

Answers to Old Testament_ Questions 1. Dan. i. 12-15 :

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" Their countenances appeared fairer and fatter in flesh than all the children which did eat the portion of the king's meat."-2. Bariakii was the man who helped' David dining ....

Page 50

ANGLO-PERSIAN OIL.

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Full details of progress on the Anglo-Persian properties is usually reserved for the annual meeting, which this year will be held on the 2nd proximo. Meanwhile, however, the...

NEW ISSUE ACTIVITIES.

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In view of the attractiVe character of the Victoria Loan, which was for £4,000,000-in 5 per cents. at 974, and also because it indicated a co-ordination between the Commonwealth...

Financial Notes

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INCREASED SPECULATION. ALTHOUGH the general undercurrent of the Stock Markets is one of cheerfulness, the fultnightly settlement this week demonstrated very clearly that...

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INTERESTING BANKING DEVELOPMENTS.

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Almost from the outset the P. & 0. Banking Corporation, which was originally launched undet_the .auspices of the P. &'‘. 0. SteainShip 'Company and three of the big English...