6 APRIL 1934

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NEWS OF THE WEEK

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T HE Bureau of the Disarmament Conference resumes its sittings at Geneva next Tuesday, but what it can do when the meeting opens no one knows. Con- versations between. the...

France's Drastic Cuts Faced with the drastic economy measures which

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M. Doumergue has found necessary, France may well look with envy as well as some ungrudging admiration on the state of Government finance in Great Britain. A National Government...

Meanwhile German rearmament goes forward with little concealment. Plans for

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considerable naval expan- sion are said to be ready for execution at any moment, and if they are carried out the French and other naval programmes• will almost certainly be...

OFFICES : 99 Gower St., London, W.C. 1. Tel. :

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MUSEUM 1721. Entered as second-class Mail Matter at the New York, N.Y. Post Office, Dec. 23rd, 1896. Postal subscription 30s. per annum, to any part of the world. Postage on...

Page 2

Still More Employment Satisfaction in the steep rise in the

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employment figures for last December was lessened by the knowledge that the next month was bound to show a seasonal set-back. But no such inevitable discount need be applied to...

State and Church in Germany .

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The Nazi . Party in Germany is still waging a war on two fronts against the Roman Catholic and sections of the Protestant Churches, not, it would appear, with the full approval...

* .*.

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The Government and Cotton. The Minister of Labour is considering an experiment in legislation which may have far-reaching effects on the cotton industry. Representatives of the...

Conservatives and India The strength of the minority at the

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Conservative Conference last week, when a division was taken on a resolution regarding . India, has given great • satisfaction to Mr. Churchill, Lord Lloyd and their friends of...

The Ordeal of Childbirth Certain facts cited by Sir Julien

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Cahn at the annual meeting of the National Birthday Trust Fund for the extension of maternity services last week should not pass unnoticed. The subject was the use of chloroform...

Page 3

Expensive Insurance Under one of those restrictive rules of Procedure

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which often spoil House of Commons debates the recent discussion on industrial insurance was headed off the vital point—that of remedial legislation. But the case for...

The Symbolic Cunarder Before the resumption of work on the

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Cunarder No. 534 last Tuesday there had already been a considerable increase of activity in the Glasgow shipyards ; but we are told that for the crowds whO went to see the first...

Men versus Women Teachers The National Association of Schoolmasters makes

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a reasonable demand (which has been supported in these columns) when it asks for the restoration of the 10 per cent. cut in their members' salaries. But after the passing of a...

Is Mr. Insull's Detention Lawful ?

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The fact that Mr. Samuel Insull is a fugitive from American justice, and that it is desirable that he should not escape proper trial in his own country, has tended to obscure a...

High Buildings and Increasing Traffic Long ago The Spectator was

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emphasizing the need of bringing together under single control the two fold activities of town-planning and traffic-planning, and we are glad to find Mr. Rees Jeffreys making...

Next Week's Spectator The Spectator will, next week, publish a

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special literary number, in which will be included contributions by Aldous Huxley, Prof. A. E. Zimmern, Siegfried Sassoon, Ann Bridge, V. Sackville-West, Prof. Julian Huxley, C....

The Doubtful Film The Mayor of Oxford, Miss Tawney, did

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a public service in refusing to perform the official opening of a new cinema on the ground that the first film shown was one which has (with much reason) come under con-...

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THE WAY TO ROAD SAFETY

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T HE Easter casualties on the road seem to have reached little more than 25 per cent, of the total which the Minister of Transport predicted on the basis of previous years'...

Page 5

BETTENIG AND THE LAW T HE Government could not be expected

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to bring in a Betting and Lotteries Bill that would be satis- factory either to those who object to all betting or those who object to all restrictions. Opinion on both sides is...

Page 6

Once more the British and French summer-times are to begin

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at dates differing by a fortnight, with all the inconvenience that that entails to every form of regular transport services between the two countries. But there is still hope of...

* * * Nothing stirs popular interest more than a

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good law case, and it is rather surprising that the stage has not drawn oftener than it has on the drama of the courts. There was, of course, The Trial of Mary Dugan, con-...

The comment that Dr. R. F. Horton narrowed his experience

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and perhaps to some extent his sympathies by moving from Oxford to Hampstead over fifty years ago and never moving any further is, I think, just. He was a man of one church. He...

The death of the Vossische Zeitung, after two hundred years

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of life, actually took place last Saturday. The way of the independent paper—and the V ossische never sacrificed its independence—has become not merely hard but very nearly...

A SPECTATOR'S NOTEBOOK

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S O far as it goes there is a good deal to be said for Lord Beaverbrook's resolute exposure of the horrors of war. The pictures which the Daily Express has been publishing daily...

There is something pathetic about the conference of the withered

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remnant of the Independent Labour Party, —reduced now it is stated to something under 16,000 members, and with a further reduction threatened through the defection of the...

* The irresponsible rumours and still more irresponsible speculations about

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Mr. Jardine's intimation that he would not in any case accept the captaincy of the English test team against the Australians are the worst possible preparation for the...

Page 7

THE UNEMPLOYED AND OURSELVES

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By H. POWYS GREENWOOD A T a discussion the other day on the possibility of .LA!• retaining the public support initially given to certain efforts on behalf of the unemployed, I...

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FASCISM AND THE ITALIANS

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From A SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT O NE of the governing body of Italy's most pro-Fascist university assured- me the other day that Italy's political condition is no more advanced...

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THE PUBLIC SCHOOL IDEA' IN AMERICA

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By J. L. PATON (late High Master of Manchester Grammar School) I T is a mistake to suppose that America has no Public Schools in our sense of the term. There are many boarding...

Page 10

CONCERNING GLANDS

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By OUR MEDICAL CORRESPONDENT E VEN those who know little about animal physiology must often have been struck by the marvellous integration of the thousands of seemingly...

Page 11

SCOTLAND AND ENGLAND : ACCOMPT CURREN I'

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T HE " Accompt Current " was a trade survey of Scotland in 1705, by John Spreull, a " big business " man in Glasgow who took an active part in Scottish politics. Previously, as...

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ROUTINE

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By JOHN PULLEN T HERE are people, still uncertified by the Commis- sioners in Lunacy, who make a practice of bathing before breakfast all the year round. Most of us have met...

Page 13

LE REGIONALISME FRA.NcAIS

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[D'UN CORRESPONDANT PARISIEN] L E regionalisme a, de tons temps, eta vivace en France, mais it semble bien que nous assistions actuellement A un accroissement de sa puissance...

Last Snow

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ALTHOUGH the snow still lingers Heaped on the ivy's blunt webbed fingers And painting tree-trunks on one side, Here in this sunlit ride The fresh unchristened things appear,...

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"Lady of the Boulevards." At the Tivoli

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THIS adaptation of Zola's Nana is mainly intended to intro- duce Miss Anna Sten, who was trained in Russia, acted in Germany with Jannings, and went to Hollywood at the...

The Cinema

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"Death Takes a Holiday." At the Carlton Tins film, based on Alberto Casella's play, ought to have been made in Germany—the old Germany, before Hitler started to re g iment the...

STAGE AND SCREEN The Theatre

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"Macbeth." By W. Shakespeare. At the Old Vic AT the Old Vic Macbeth is the last play of a season which promised much and fulfilled most of it . . Mr. Tyrone Guthrie's...

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Art

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Mantegna and the Critics OF all the great masters, none belongs so entirely, perhaps, or so gloriously, to the past as Mantegna, and as befits one who chose more deliberately...

A Broadcasting Calendar

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FRIDAY, APRIL 6th 10.45 What's the Use of School ? : A. C. Cameron, Secretary for Education, Oxford City-one of the ablest of Educa- tion Directors .. •• .. .. .. N. 6.5o...

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Returned Exiles The record of the Norfolk Naturalists' Committee (to

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which reference was made last week) is particularly welcome if only for the hope it gives that several species which had virtually disappeared are returning and will return to...

A Communal Farm

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As I wrote above, a good deal of the inspiration for the new development of agriculture in Palestine has come from Rothamsted, where most of the organizers have spent some time...

Flowers in Literature

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A charming article appeared some months ago in the Cornhill on flowers in literature ; and all who are interested will delight to know that Mr. Vernon Rendall (an editor of the...

COUNTRY LIFE

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Green Englana How sweet the return to England after travel, however lovely the alien lands I The grass is the crowning pleasure, at least to tired eyes. I seldom saw flowers...

A Palestine Tribute It was from Jerusalem and Palestine that

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I returned to England this spring ; and while travelling there I found one very green and pleasant bit of England in the minds of the settlers. Rothamsted was almost a household...

A Famous Plot Again, there is a yet more famous

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plot which has grown wheat in continuous succession for eighty years or so without any manure. It still produces a crop (said to be nearly equal to the world's average), and a...

English Inspiration These new Palestinian farms, both communal and individual,

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are of peculiar interest ; but first a word about Rothamsted on which they rely as a general adviser. This experimental station, the oldest and the best in the world, is at a...

Rothamsted's Need On coming back to England I find that

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Rothamsted and its continuity of research is under threat from what Carlyle used to call the " concrete mendacities " of the builder. Though Gilbert and Lawes, the founders of...

Page 17

UNEMPLOYMENT IN GERMANY

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Srit,—In The Spectator of March 16th Miss Munroe alleges that in my article on unemployment in Germany I ruled out all question of the...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

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[Correspondents are requested to keep their letters as brief as is reasonably possible. The most suitable length is that of one of our Nezvs of the Week " paragraphs. Signed...

AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS

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[To the Editor of TILE SPECTATOR.] Sia,—How is one to understand " agricultural labourers " in your note to the letter from Mr. B. W. Young on the price of bacon which you...

Page 18

THE FUNCTION OF INDUSTRY

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] notice in the article on the Liberal Party Programme the statement that what is wanted by the country is a deter- mined policy directed to the...

THE HOUSING PROBLEM

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[To the Editor of TILE SPECTATOR.] SIR,— After listening to the debate last, week in the House of Lords on the Housing problem, I would like to remove certain misconceptions...

OVERPAID SCHOOLMASTERS

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—" Public School Headmaster " has done well to state the facts relating to schoolmasters' salaries, for the facts are apparently almost...

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SWISS NEUTRALITY FOR AUSTRIA • . [To the Editor of

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TIIF..SPECTATOR.1 SIR,—The declaration of Dr. Benes in favour of Austrian neutrality guaranteed on the Swiss model 'compels both Britain and the United States to consider what...

CONDITIONS IN VIENNA

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] - SIR,—May I call the attention of your readers to the subject of British relief work-in Austria, in connexion with which I have just visited...

PAGANISM IN GERMANY

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Snt,—In his interesting article on " The Nazis and the Churches," on March 16th, Mr. Greenwood remarked that few Nazis " took the attempts to...

Page 20

THE CASE AGAINST A RODEO

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The National Sporting Club intend to hold a Rodeo in London during this summer, and the R.S.P.C.A. intend to do their utmost to prevent...

THE AMERICAN LATCHSTRING

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The English traveller in the United States seldom hears a pleasanter remark from any friend, new or old, than " The latchstring is out,"...

Music Passion Music

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THERE was a time when Good Friday in this country was ruled and regulated by Handel's Messiah. Except for Stainer's Crucifixion (which still enjoys a hole-and-corner...

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The Modern Home

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THE " IDEAL HOME " EXHIBITION Tim opening of the Daily Mail " Ideal Home " Exhibition (Olympia, April 3rd--28th) found at least one visitor with higher expectations than usual....

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A Continuing City

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By PROFESSOR ERNEST BARKER " Tms book is an attempt to discover a guiding principle in public affairs." In this one brief sentence, printed on the wrapper, Mr. Curtis states...

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The London Survey

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The New Survey of London Life and Labour. Vol. VI: Survey of Social Conditions ; (2) The Western Area. Vol. VII : Western Area Maps. (P. S. King. 17s. 6d. each. . ) THE great...

Art and Politics in China China. By L. A. Lyall.

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(Beim. 21s.) China. By Reno Grousset. (Hamish Hamilton. 25s.) THESE two books bear the same title, but there is little else in common between them, apart from the fact that...

Page 24

The End of Our Time Reflections on the End of

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an Era. By Reinhold Niebuh r . (Scribner. 10e. 6d.) Reflections on the End of an Era. By Reinhold Niebuh r . (Scribner. 10e. 6d.) WHETHER or no western civilization be in an...

Page 25

Pride and Prejudice Modernismus. By Sir Reginald Blomfield. (Macmillan. 6s.)

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THOSE who remember the part played by Sir Reginald Blomfield in the recent Carlton House 'Terrace episode may be surprised to find him here defending tradition and fiercely...

The Indian Tragedy

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Child Marriage : the Indian Minotaur. By Eleanor Rathbone, M.P. (Allen and Unwin. 2s. 6d.) INDIA looks like becoming the world's worst slum. Poverty- stricken since time...

Page 26

History for the Walrus

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Tins book is " brightly " written, and brings together all the better-known stories—and legends—of Napoleon's mar- shals. The material is woven into a book with considerable...

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Fiction

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By GRAHAM GREENE 8s. 6d.) Five Silver Daughters. By Louis Golding. (Gollancz. 8s. ad.) Ir is not mere selfishness on a reviewer's part that makes him eye a fresh batch of very...

Page 28

LORD READING AND HIS CASES By Derek Walker-Smith Those who

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like reading abstracts of causes celihres, illustrated by sketches of the legal and other personalities involved in them, will enjoy this book (Chapman and Hall, 15s.). Lord...

GROUP MOVEMENTS OF THE PAST By Ray Strachey When Mrs.

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Hannah Whitall Smith (mother of Mr. Logan Pearsall Smith) died in 1911 she left behind her a highly, interesting manuscript on Fanaticism, which her grand- daughter, Mrs. Oliver...

LOUIS THE FIFTEENTH AND HIS TIMES

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. By Pierre Gaxotte The sinners of the nineteenth century - are rapidly becoming the saints of the twentieth. In England, it is true, we are more used to the contrary process,...

Current Literature

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THE HUGUENOTS By A. J. Grant This short history of the HUguenOts (Thornton Butter- worth, 2s. 6d.) is excellently suited to its purpose; is un- prejudiced, concise, and...

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THE ESTATES OF CROWLAND ABBEY By Frances M. Page The

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late Professor Tout once stated that what was, above all, necessary for the study -of history was the presentation, almost in tabular form, of detailed fact. Of the 500 pages...

FOR FILMGOERS ONLY

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Edited by R. S. Lambert This little book is a collection of essays on the Cinema based on lectures delivered to the Y.W.C.A. Central Club last year. The names of the five...

PERIODICALS Ma. Atrstirr Honor-mom opens The Nineteenth Century thh month

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with a breath of fresh air blowing hotter at th e finish. In " Reflections on Fascism " he sees in Commum t and Fascist movements a dangerous herd-materialism which will, unless...

DESCARTES

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By S. V. Keeling This book forms one of the " Leaders of Philosophy " series issued by Messrs. Benn, each of which. deals with one of the great European philosophers and is...

Page 32

Travel An Austro-Hungarian Holiday ACTUALLY from London it is nearer

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to Vienna than to Rome. But since Austria as traditionally the Gateway of the East sounds further, it is likely that you may get more sense of distance and travel by going...

FREE ADVICE ON TRAVEL MATTERS.

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The Travel Bureau of Trim SpF.c.rarroa is conducted solely for your benefit. If, therefore, you propose taking a sea-cruise this spring or summer, or any other form of holiday,...

Page 34

JOHN BARKER'S RESULTS.

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Although the net profit of John Barker and Company for the past year of £: 87,315 compared with £424,291 in the previous year, the dcclin2 was partly due to lower interest from...

THE CUNARD REPORT.

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Fresh evidence is afforded—if fresh evidence were required —in the latest report of the Cunard Steam Ship CompanY of the need for Treasury aid in completing the construction of...

Finance

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The Realized Surplus Tim Nation's Financial Year has closed with a realized surplus of over £31,000,000. It is the largest surplus for ten years and compares with a deficit of...

Financial Notes CHEERFUL MARKETS.

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THE Stock Markets, which were cheerful up to the eve of the Easter holidays, received a further tonic during the holiday from the satisfactory outcome of the nation's financial...

Page 36

INDIA'S GOLD EXPORTS.

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Although indisposition kept Sir Charles C. McLeod from attending the recent annual meeting of the National Bank of India, he had duly prepared his speech which, in his unavoid-...

CONDITIONS IN CHINA.

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The address delivered each year in Hong Kong to share- holders of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation is always read with interest in the City, containing as it does...

HALIFAX BUILDING SOCIETY.

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Very interesting was the review of the affairs not only of the Halifax Building Society but of the general Building Society movement which was given by Sir Enoch Hill, at the...

IN DEFENCE OF ARMAMENTS.

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After presenting to the shareholders of Vickers, Limited, at the recent meeting, a satisfactory report showing a moderate increase in net profit for the past year, the Chairman,...

* * * * U.K. PROVIDENT.

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The annual report of the United Kingdom Provident Insti- tution showed that new assurances were granted during the year for £3,872,000, an increase of more than £300,000 over...

THE CEMENT INDUSTRY.

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Although the latest report of the Associated Portland Cement Manufacturers was a satisfactory one, showing only trifling decline in trading profits, this decline had been, to...

BRITISH INSULATED CABLES.

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At the recent meeting of British Insulated Cables, Limited, Sir Alexander Roger, after noting the decline in trading profits for the past year, stated that the reduction arose...

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" The Spectator " Crossword No. 8o

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BY XANTIIIPPE. [A prize of one guinea will be given to the sender of the firti correct solution of this week's crossword pu=le to be opened. Envelopes should be marked "...

SOLUTION TO CROSSWORD NO. 79

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RI El 1.101RIA!ti_ilj 1101E1 Yi El LI EIMI Ergrn AI RI YI Al E FI AIM' I I LI I I Al RI SIOI RI l El NI 01 111 AI RI MU' s '1 l' E RI DI RI Ul TI RI U SISTITAIN El SI A 1 I...