1 FEBRUARY 1930

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EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHING OFFICES : 99 Gower Street, London, W.C.

The Spectator

1.—A Subscription to the SPECTATOR costs Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the world. 2'he SPECTATOR is registered as a Newspaper. The Postage on...

There had been ugly rumours of military' juntas, and in the

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end, General Primo de Rivera committed PalitiCAL hara-kiri by stating his intention of defening to the wishes of the seventeen . highest officera of the ArMy and Navy. This -...

The End of the Spanish Dictatorship ;. • ' On

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Tuesday, the Prime Minister of Spain, General Primo de Rivera, resigned, together with his Cabinet whiCh had already - lost its Finance Minister, Senor Calvo Sotelo, whose...

It seems to us that as a • cautious procedure

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which makes -sure of -every bit of ground the British proposal is the best: It provides for the capture of several fixed positions from which it would be possible, as it were,...

When Sp write no Agenda has been definitely decided upon,

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but there are three different proposals for an approach to limitation and reduction. First, there is the British' proposal. that 'ships should be dealt with by categories and...

News of the Week

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The NaVal Conference rpm visible tendency to be impatient with what is 1 thought to be the slowness of the Naval Conference in getting to work was perhaps inevitable....

[Signed articles do not necessarily represent the views of the

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SPECTATOR.]

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The' Optional Clause On Monday the House of Commons agreed

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without a division to the Government's motion for the ratification of the Optional Clause. This was after an amendment moved by Sir Austen Chamberlain had been rejected by 278...

Australian Labour Mr. Scullin, the Australian Labour Prime Minister, is

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trying to recall Australian trades unions to constitutional methods. On January 23rd he rejected certain proposal s of the Australian Labour Party Conference which had urged him...

India Last Saturday Lord Irwin made an admirable speech which

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ought to have put to shame those who have misrepresented, not only his previous statements, but the whole situation in India. Lord Irwin said that his phrase of October 31st, "...

We admit, however, that sea law is an exceedingly delicate

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affair as the policy 'of the United States towards it is in suspense. At least America has not yet adjusted herself to either the League or its consequences. It is argued that...

The decisive factor was not so much the latent dis-

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content in the Army as the proved . failure of the mer- cantilist economic policy- 7 -protection of profiteering industrialists ad absurdum, which itself made nonsense of the...

The International Drug Traffic The League of Nations Opium Commission:whkh

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has been sitting for some days at Geneva, has been the scene of extraordinary disclosures. Russell Pasha, of the Egyptian Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, has been able...

No doubt compulsory arbitration is open to the objection that

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its results may be very inconvenient; but the same objection can be raised against the decisions of any Court of Law. Sane men do not condemn our own Courts because a judgment...

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* * * *

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The Birth-Rate The birth-rate for England and Wales in 1929 was 16.8 per thousand—the lowest ever recorded. Those who are alarmed may, however, remember that with a stationary...

Empire Free Trade In the House of Commons, on Wednesday,

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the debate on Mr. Remer's resolution advocating Empire Free Trade was hampered by the Liberal amendment, which was merely tactical. The Liberals were trying prematurely to draw...

The Hatry Trial On Friday, January 24th, at the Central

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Criminal Court, Clarence Hatry was sentenced to fourteen years' penal servitude—the maximum sentence. His accomplices received smaller sentences—Daniels seven years, Dixon...

* * * * The Coal Bill and Co-operation It

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is a good sign that the Government are frankly consulting with the Liberal Party about amendments to the Coal Bill. : This is the right course for a Minority Government. By...

The Blasphemy Laws The second reading of the Blasphemy Laws

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(Amend- ment) Bill was passed on Friday, January 24th, in the House of Commons by a majority of 54. The operative clause reads : " After the passing of this Act no criminal...

L o rd Darling made a very clever move by proposing that

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the rule by which the Railway Trade Unions are protected against malingering should be substituted for the tests which the Government have provided in the Unemployment Insurance...

Bank Rate, 5 per cent., changed from si per cent.

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on December 12th, 1929. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 10011 ; on Wednesday week, 100* ; a year ago, 1024 ; Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 861 ; on...

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Some Further Thoughts on India

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R ECENTLY we published an article, entitled " Wanted —A New Mental Outlook on India," in which we appealed for a deeper sympathy with the aspirations of those sections of the...

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The Expert and Democracy

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U NDOUBTEDLY one of the most important demo- cratic experiments within the next few years will be the employment of the expert to sort out, and ulti- mately to inform, if not to...

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APA—The New International Society

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T HE readers of the Spectator will need no reminder that this journal is second to none in its enthusiasm for the cause of international co-operation and in its active support...

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A Bid for Civilization Y an unusual and happy accident

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. Colonel Moore 11 has secured through the ballot a full-time debate for his well-considered " Slaughter of Animals Bill,'' which he will introduce on February 7th. Its special...

The Week in Parliament

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T HE House of Commons resumed work last week, and so far things have gone very quietly. An un- employment money resolution gave Major Elliot an opportunity to say some nasty...

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Free Trade in 1930-11 T HAT witty French economist Frederic B.astiat was

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never tired of insisting upon the decisive importance of the things which are not seen, as compared with the things which are seen. Many of his illustrations and anecdotes have...

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In Defence of the Faith

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XI.—Why Go To Church ? (Dr. L. Goudge is Regius Professor of Divinity in the ITniver- sity of Oxford.] THERE is in England to-day a widespread interest -I- in religion ; but...

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Plumbers or Poets ?

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TN a thickly populated industrial country like ours -I- there are very few subjects of greater immediate or ultimate importance than that of Town Planning, yet most of those who...

Diascr subscribers who are changing thew addresses are asked to

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notify the SPECTATOR Office BEFORE MIDDAY on MONDAY cal EAOM wzzn. The previous address to which the paper has been sent coil receipt reference number should be quoted. .

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St. Bride of the Kindly Flame

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F EBRUARY is the month of St. Bride of the Kindly Flame, St. Bride the gentle mother of all young and tender things. Through the mists of centuries we see her gracious figure,...

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The Theatre

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[" THE MAN IN POSSESSION." BY H. M. HARWOOD. AT THE AMBASSADORS THEATRE.] Tee Dabneys in this very amusing play were a middle- class family whom we meet at breakfast in their "...

Music

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[DOLMETSCU—MUSICL&N AND CRAFTSMAN.] ARNOLD DOLMETSCH is one of the most remarkable of living pioneers. Throughout his career he has balanced idealism with a practical...

Capital Punishment

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Essay Competition Tim Select Committee of the House of Commons appointed to consider the question of Capital Punishment held its first public session on Wednesday, 29th...

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Correspondence

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A LETTER FROM GERMANY. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—A g ood deal of water has flowed' under our political brid g es since my last letter to you. The firm voice of...

A Hundred Years Ago

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Tnx " SPECTATOR," JANUARY 30TH, 1830. A POLITICAL UNION AMONG THE LOWER AND MIDDLE CLASSES. The following are its objects :— " 1. To obtain, by every just and legal means,...

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THE CRUISING SEASON.

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More ships and passengers devoted to purely pleasure cruises—many of them circling the globe—leave New York, the steamship lines tell us, than embark from any other port in...

THE FINANCES OF CHICAGO.

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Chicago, according to reports from that city, may yet find it- self compelled to call upon its former citizen, Ambassador Dawes, to evolve another " Dawes " plan as a solution,...

UNEMPLOYMENT POLICY.

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The establishment of a national unemployment bureau system, similar to that in Britain, is proposed in one of a number of Bills which have been introduced into Congress as a...

American Notes of the Week

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(By Cable) THE Fiv - E-PowEn CONFERENCE. News received here so far from the London Conference has been frankly unexciting, although there has been a great amount of it and it...

DEVELOPMENT OF RE-EXPORT TRADE.

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As a means towards the further development of American foreign trade, a Bill at present before the Senate proposes establishment, at all ports of entry in the United States, of...

THE FILM AND FORESTRY.

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The Federal Department of Agriculture has enlisted the " movie " as an aid to its timber conservation campaign. Precept and practice are effectively dramatized in a film which...

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The League of Nations

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The " Systematic Survey " of International Law ONE of the really few Greek words which used to appeal to me in the days of my youth was the irregular (?) verb NarOcirco, which...

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Letters to the Editor

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A NEW. OUTLOOK ON INDIA [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—As you remarked in a recent issue of the Spectator, one way of approaching the Indian problem is to put our-...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sns,—I hope you will

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allow me kindly a little space in which to reply to the two letters you publish from Mr. E. Bevan and Sir Patrick Fagan, remarking on my recent letter in your issue of December...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sra,—Some of the newspapers

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in England seem to have confused the implications of the Congress resolutions at Lahore, no less than they misunderstood the motives of the Viceroy's pronouncemeM. For example,...

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INDIAN TAXATION

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sis,—An acquaintance of mine is convinced that a large share - of the expenditure upon education in England and Scotland is paid for out Of "...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.) Sm,—Will you kindly grant

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me space for a brief reply to the question you append to my letter in your issue of January 25th ? The reduction of thirty per cent. In my profits, to which you refer, is the...

TRADE REALITIES

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Mr. James H. Weager's attempt in your issue of the 11th inst. to reduce the whole question of the export trade to " simple mathematics...

MR. LLOYD GEORGE ON INDIA

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sta,—Mr. Lionel James's statement that " duplicity is traditionally admired in India," ought not to pass without some protest. ' Truth and...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I am a devout

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Free Trader, and have always looked to the • Spectator as the prophet of the faith, but doubts re Safe- guarding have recently afflicted me, and the letter of " G. L. A." is...

THE NATIVE ' QUESTION

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[To the Editor of the SPEcrAroa.] SIR,—I hold no brief for the native, but all my life have hated and been made unhappy to see oppression of the weaker side in any form,...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—In - this controversy of

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African affairs, it is always " the d—d settler Versus the holy native," never, " the holy native versus the d—d official." Now the native and settler, though both as a rule...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I do hope the

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attention of the Government will be directed to the letter of Mr. Angus Watson in your issue of January 18th.' The whole face of the country might have been altered by the...

THE COST OF THE "DOLE"

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[TO the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—May I congratulate your correspondent, " Ignotus," upon his courageous letter in your issue dated January 25th ? Greatly daring, he has...

AN APPEAL TO ENGLISH GENTILES

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Some time ago, under the heading, " An Appeal to British Jews," you urged the Jewish authorities to adopt the Weinberg Casting Pen, a...

WOES OF THE CAGED

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The fallacious reasoning contained in the observations upon eagles by the late Superintendent of the-Zoo, as cited by " A Briton in...

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THE BOOK OF DANIEL

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I am not learned in the questions concerning the date and authorship Of the Book of Daniel, but as no one who is has answered Mr....

SHAREHOLDERS, AWAKE !

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[To 'the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] ". SIR,—I was much interested in the article by " A Student of Economics " in a recent issue. I was recently present at a shareholders'...

LORD D'ABERNON'S TEMPERANCE POLICY

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, —In the issue of the Spectator of January 25th " Pruden Futuri " expresses surprise that in reviewing (in Monthly Notes) Dr. Vernon's...

THE "SPORT" OF HUNTING

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] shall he gled if you will allow the following incident to be brought to the notice of your readers. On Saturday last the GnildfOrd and Shere...

THE DESCENDANTS OF EARLY SETTLERS

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IN MASSACHUSETTS [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The letter which you published relating to John Carver, the first Governor of Plymouth Colony in New England, is of...

SAILS OR FINS ?

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR] SIR, —On November 20th, 1926, you were good enough to publish my assertion that birds and insects on the wing are physically unconscious of...

PERSONAL SURVIVAL

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sri,—If it does not detract from the interest it does diminish the value of Dr. Peers article on " . Personal Immortality " that the question...

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MR. GALSWORTH'eS STOCKTAKING.

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Mr. Galsworthy writes : " If vivisection were confined to experiments on anaesthetized animals, followed by instant destruction, I am not certain enough to protest." Here he is...

" IN DEFENCE OF THE FAITH:'

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With reference to the Bishop of Gloucester's recent utterance, may I point out to Mr. Sym that " which " and " it " are Bible terms of reference to the Holy Spirit (Ghost)? See...

THOMAS PARR.

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The Salopian, Thomas Parr, is reputed, I believe, to have attained a greater age than any other Englishman. He died in London, and was buried in Westminster Abbey on November...

A FOREIGN REGIMENTAL MARCH.

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Your issue of December 21st contains the General Informa- tion question, " What Regiment has a foreign tune for its Regimental March and Why ? " and the answer given is the West...

THE SANTA CLAUS MYTH.

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In answer to W. Barr-Lowe's letter regarding the Santa Claus Myth, in your issue dated December 28th. At a very early age I knew who the real filler of my stocking was, and it...

THE EXCESS OF COCK-PHEASANTS.

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I was reading with interest . Sir W. Beach-Thomas's article about the preponderance of cock-pheasants this season. Perhaps it has not much bearing on the case, but in my aviary...

BROADCASTING THE KING'S SPEECH AT T ill NAVAL CONFERENCE

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A CORRESPONDENT brings to our notice the extraordinary success achieved in the world-wide broadcast of the King's Speech at the opening of the Naval Conference on Tuesday,...

RATS AND MICE NUISANCE.

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Circumstances have this year prevented my taking an active interest in " Rat Week," but the subject is so important that perhaps your kindness will allow me, as a householder,...

SQUIRREL AND ROOK.

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Five grey squirrels and four very severe looking Sable- coated rooks are lunching on bread crumbs on the lawn, and there has just been a battle between one of the squirrels and...

POINTS FROM LETTERS THE BIRTH CONTROL INVESTIGATION ComurrrEE.

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We are informed that the above Committee is issuing a questionnaire asking for the experience of married people in the practice of birth control, and its effect upon the mutual...

A VILLAGE LIBRARY. • THE Rector of St. Semen, Land's End,

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will be grateful for any books suitable for a village lending library.

A Lover

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WHEN I loved truly I was a boy, To worship unduly . Was my great joy. When I loved wisely I loved not well, For love and wisdom Rove separable. Calypso dissembles, Psyche...

A QUOTATION QUERY.

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The exact wording of the quotation asked for in your issue of January 18th is : ` Because the very fiends weave ropes of sand, Rather than taste pure hell in idleness." From...

[Sir William Beach Thomas is away and the usual "

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Country Life" page will, therefore, not appear in the issues of the SPECTATOR dated February 1st, 8th and 15th .—Ed . SrneTAToa.]

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The mantle of Austin Dobson seems to have fallen upon

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Mr. S. C. Roberts, who has added a further little volume to his series of studies of eighteenth-century literary life in general and of Dr. Johnson in particular. A brief sketch...

We have already reviewed Ten Years Life of the League

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of Nations (May Fair Press, 3 Burlington Gardens, W. 1. 7s. 6d.);" compiled by Mr. John Eppstein, with contributions from Lord Cecil, Sir Eric Drummond, Sir Cecil Hurst, M....

Those who love to fasten on the Victorians' charges of

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starchiness, prudery and want of self-liberation might try, as an antidote to their trouble, liberal doses of The Hardman, Papers (Constable, 21s.), of which a third instalment...

Some Books of the Week

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DURING the past month the books most in demand at the Times Book Club have been :— Now-FreTrox.—An Introduction to Italian Painting, by Sir Charles Holmes ; Open House in...

Two books for horse-lovers are Foxiana, by Mr. Isaac Bell,

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the famous M.F.H., and Stable and Saddle, by Colonel MacTaggart, the well-known writer on equitation. They are published by Country Life at 15s., and Methuens at 18s.,...

It was well worth reprinting the text of Lectures delivered

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at Yale School of Law in March, 1929, by Mr. Charles Evans Hughes, chairman of the United. States Delegation to the . Pan-American Conference held in Havana, January–February,...

('94ore Books of the Week" and "General Knowledge Comps. tiiion"

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will be found on page 176.)

The Argonaut Press has produced yet another book of first-

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rate importance for the history of travel in Dr. James A. Williamson's masterly study of The Voyages of the Cabots. (38s.). Many books have been written on John and Sebastian...

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White Settlement and the African Native Africa and Some World

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Problems. By General J. C. Smuts. (Clarendon Press. 75. 6d.) White and Black in Africa. By J. H. Oldham. (Longmans. 2s.) GENERAL SMUTS in the book befoit us has republished...

Two Books on Dante New Light on the Youth of

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Dante. By Gertrude Leigh. (Faber and Faber. 15s.) Symbolism in Mediaeval Thought and its Consummation in the Divine Comedy. By Helen Flanders Dunbar. (Humphrey Milford and Yale...

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A " Daughter of France "

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A Daughter of the Medias. By Jean H. MariejoL Translated from the French by John Peile. (Harpers. 16s.) MONTAIGNE, who knew La Heine Margot well, described her as one of those "...

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Portrait of a Demagogue.

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Mr. Lloyd George : A Study. By Sir Charles Mallet. (Berm. 9s.) Fox several self - evident reasons—the persistence of the aristocratic tradition, the two-party system with its...

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The Recovery of Germany

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" In less than six years she has climbed up from the pit of prostra- tion and despair to an assured position of world leadership. It is one of the most spectacular recoveries in...

Religion for Moderns

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The Present and Future of Religion. By C. E. M. Joad. (Benn. 10s. 6d.) RELIGION can be forgotten, but not expelled. Life.without it is not life. These are the conclusions to...

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The Producer and the Play

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Myself and the Theatre. By Theodore Komisarjevsky. (Heine. mann. 12s. Rd.) The Theatre. By Sheldon Cheney. (Longman. 42s.) Ma. KOMISARSEVSKY'S book about the theatre may be...

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Fiction

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Opera and Chronicles a great deal of pleasure out of showing hyperbole to be the child • of agnosticism. With a little care the thing could be managed ; in fact it is...

The Bread of Britain

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THE " Empire Crusaders " and others have recently made much play with the word " dumping," in connexion with German wheat exports to this country, and with the decline of...

THE SPECTATOR. •

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Before going abroad or away from home readers are advised to place an order for the SPECTATOR. • The journal will be forwarded to any address at the following rates One Month...

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THE WAITING ROOM. By G. Grange. (Dent. 5s.).- Here we

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have a ghost story which is very unbelievable. In it the author tries to tell us what he imagines men, who were killed in the War, would be likely to think of it when their own...

A Library List

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REFERENCE Booss :-Chapters in the History of Book-keeping and Accountancy: By David Murray. (Jackson, Wylie and Co., 78 West George Street, Glasgow. 21s.)-The South and ,East...

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Travel

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Tourist Third to New York [We publish on this page articles and notes which may help our readers in their plans for travel at home and abroad They are written by correspondents...

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Ludendorff, so his wife informs us in My Married Life

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with Ludendorff (Hutchinson, 18s.), had " not a spark of humour," and, if one may judge froM certain " amusing " incidents to which she chooses to give prominence in her books,...

. As a rule we do not pay much attention

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to publishers' puffs, but it would be difficult to disagree with the " reader's " estimate of Correct Contract Bridge, by E. V. Shepard (Noel Douglas, 6s.). It really is "...

General Knowledge Questions

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Oua weekly prize of one guinea for the best thirteen Que4ions submitted is awarded this week to Miss M. Eccles, " Monavert," Cushendall, Co. Antrim, for the following Questions...

Mr. Cresswell, who is an architect, has written a book

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for his juniors, or for those who are thinking of joining his pro- fession, to show them the kind - of adventures and misadven- tures with which they may meet within it. He has...

Little, is known of the Roman Catholic body in Scotland

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after the Reformation had been completed. In his valuable edition of The . .Blairs Papers (1603-1660), (Sands, 15s.) Mr; M. V. Hay now thrOws some light on this obscure...

Some Quarterlies

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w.,w,..Nwe, heard Chat the Political-Quarterly was to be issued, we -hoped that it would embody something of the most typically modern attitude to politics—i.e., a non-party...

More Books of the Week

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(Continued front page 166.) At a moment in which the history and culture of Renais- sance Italy is making a special appeal to us, and many are secretly wishing that they knew...

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LONDON AS MONEY CENTRE.

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I want now, however, to refer, even if briefly, to Mr. Tennant's remarks concerning London as an international money centre. I do so the more willingly because Mr. Tennant was...

Martins • Bank Meeting

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PROBLEMS OF PRODUCTION. On more than one occasion I have referred to the particular importance which attaches to the meetings of banks which have their headquarters in the...

FOREIGN BALANCES.

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One further point with which Mr. Tennant dealt I can only mention in closing. • It sometimes happens that interest rates here are temporarily raised to retain foreign...

THE HATRY LOSSES.

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Nor did the Chairman of the Westminster Bank evade for a moment the subject of the losses involved to most of the banks in- connexion with what has now come to be known as the...

THE COTTON SITUATION.

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After - confirming in general terms the diagnosis of financial and industrial conditions during the' past year which have been made by some other bank chairmen, Mr. Paton...

VIEWS OF THE TRADES.

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I fancy that readers of the . Spectator, and especially those who may have intimate connexions with industry, will agree that the foregoing very aptly expresses in a sentence or...

Finance

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Public and. Private London as a Monetary Centre ONE of the good features of the annual addresses to shareholders of the Westminster Bank by the Chairman, Mr. R. H. Tennant, is...

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THREE ESSENTIALS.

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It must, I think, be gratifying to the Bank of England to find that the attitude which it has adopted towards the general question of reorganization and rationalization of many...

UNNECESSARY WASTE.

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I think it would be impossible to over-estimate the importance of this pronouncement with regard to the ill-effects of excessive and ill-directed National Expen- diture. Real...

BURDEN OF TAXATION.

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While, however, much may be accomplished for industry along the lines of reorganization and rational- ization, I am glad that the Chairman of Martins Bank did not fail once more...