11 JULY 1908

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The Teheran correspondent of the Times reports that fighting has

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ceased at Tabriz. This is important news, for Tabriz is the home of the revolutionary movement. The Russian Consul-General is said to have been the peacemaker. He induced the...

Our Parisian contemporary L' Opinion lately published an amusing story

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in illustration of the uncertainty of the political situation in Morocco. A Frenchman addressed a letter to "His Majesty the Sultan of Morocco," and committed it to the Post...

On Tuesday a Bill was laid on the table of

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• the French Chamber to transfer from the State to the city the fortifica- tions of Paris. It is proposed that the fortifications which form a rampart round Paris should be...

The Times correspondent says that people are wondering what Mr.

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Roosevelt will have to say to this direct contra- vention of his oft-repeated pacific utterances. We should have thought that the answer was simple enough. Either Captain...

On Friday week the French Chamber debated the abolition of

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capital punishment. The Committee of the Chamber appointed to inquire into the question reported some time ago in favour of abolition, but recently, owing to a notable out-...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE Democratic Party's Convention has been sitting at Denver throughout the week. Though news of the nomination has not reached London as we write, there seems little doubt...

On Tuesday in the French Chamber M. Jaures once more

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questioned the Government on their Moroccan policy, and once more the Government triumphantly survived the ordeal. In fact, the Government victory appears to become easier every...

* a * The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

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Mr. Boner Law summed up the questions at issue as,

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first, whether the hours of miners were so excessive as to call for the immediate intervention of Parliament ; and, second, what the effect on the rest of the community would...

The House of Commons has been occupied during the week

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With the report stage and the third reading of the Old-Age Pensions Bill. On Tuesday Mr. Harold Cox attempted to induce the Government, but without success, to abandon the...

On Monday the Commons debated the Miners' Eight Hours Bill.

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Mr. F. E. Smith said that originally the demand for an eight-hours day was made in order to limit the output, and consequently raise wages, and when this alarmed the con- sumers...

On Thursday the debate on the third reading of the

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Old- Age Pensions Bill was chiefly importaut owing to the speeches of Mr. Snowden, the Labour Member, and Mr. Balfour. Mr. Snowden, whose speech was described by Mr. Lloyd...

Later in the evening of Tuesday the Chancellor of the

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Exchequer accepted an amendment standing in the name of Mr. Soares, which in effect enacts that no pauper shall be excluded from the benefit of the pensions scheme after...

The King has been very busy with public work this

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week. On Monday, accompanied by the Queen, he opened the new buildings of the Leeds University, and on Thursday their Majesties visited Bristol, steamed into the new dock at...

On one point we are in agreement with Mr. Snowden.

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We want to see a better distribution of wealth, and we want to make the poor not only comparatively but absolutely richer. We are convinced, however, that the way to do this is...

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In the House of Lords on Monday Lord Donougbmore drew

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attention to the Report of the Royal Commission on Horse- Breeding. In order to mobilise the Army 173,000 horses were needed. The waste of war would probably make a rehorsing...

Mr. Balfour's speech on the Bill was an exceedingly able

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piece of destructive criticism. In the section which he devoted to finance he showed that expenditure under the Bill was not going to be six and a half millions, as had been...

On Sunday last there was a special service in Westminster

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Abbey for the members of the Lambeth Conference, who bad been received by the Archbishop of Canterbury at Canterbury the day before. A most earnest and impressive sermon was...

The names of the ten Members who had the courage

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and good sense to vote against the third reading were Sir F. Banbury, Mr. Butcher, Lord R. Cecil, Mr. Harold Cox, Mr. Hicks Beach, Sir P. Magnus, Lord Morpeth, Mr. Rawlinson,...

On Friday week Mr. Lloyd George, who was entertained at

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dinner by the Lord Mayor, after describing the commercial depression which is visiting all countries in the world, said : "Everything is diminishing except the demands on the...

We are glad to record that the £10,000 which Lord

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Desborough asked for through the Daily Mail for the entertainment of foreign guests at the Olympic Gaines has been a good deal more than subscribed, and the reproach that we are...

Mr. Balfour next pointed out that the Chancellor of the

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Exchequer in one of his speeches had told the House with emphasis that the Government were going to await the Report of the Poor Law Commission in order to form some kind of...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE HOUSE OF LORDS AND THE OLD-AGE PENSIONS BILL. T HE Old-Age Pensions Bill has passed through all its stages in the Commons, and next week will go to the House of Lords. We...

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DISUNION IN THE NAVY.

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I T is with the utmost reluctance that we approach the question of disunion in the Navy, which has been raised in the Press and in Parliament during the past week, and raised...

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MR. CHURCHILL'S FlTNCTION. m it. WINSTON CHURCHILL'S remarkable ability and equally

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remarkable frankness are of great occasional advantage to the Government. We say "occa- sional advantage" because it is not yet clear—nor likely to be clear before the General...

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STATE RAILWAYS.

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W ITHIN the last few years there has been an appreciable growth of feeling among the trading classes that it would be an advantage to the community if the State were to become...

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RISKS TO SHIPPING IN WAR. T HE Treasury Committee appointed to

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consider the feasibility of a national guarantee for risks to shipping in time of war has made its Report, and a study of it will convince the reader in a few minutes how com-...

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"THE EARTH WITH HER BARS."

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T HE literature of the ancient Jews remains the greatest witness to man's capacity for religious perception, but nowhere are the limits of that perception more passionately...

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THE TRUE MONUMENT FOR DICKENS.

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T HE question whether a statue of Dickens shall be erected, which has been discussed during the past few days, can only be answered, we should think, in one way. Dickens himself...

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SCENT AND MEMORY.

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O F all chance wishing-carpets, a sudden scent is the most wayward and carries those who meet it on the longest journeys. Miles of distance and decades of years vanish at the...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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A PETITION TO THE LORDS ON THE OLD-AGE PENSIONS BILL. [To THE EDITOR OW THE "SPECTATOR."] Sin,—A. petition, of which I send you a copy, will be presented to the House of Lords...

THE " GUILLOTINE " IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS.

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pro THE EDITOR OE THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR, — Although I am in sympathy with your article entitled "The Guillotine' and its Consequences" in last week's Spectator, I do not share...

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[TO THU EDITOR OP THR SPIOTATOlt."]

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SrE,—In your last issue an "Anglican Archdeacon" gives obvious reasons for admitting Nonconformists to Holy Com- munion and full church membership pro tem in a Colonial diocese....

A NATIONAL CHURCH.

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[To THE EDITOR OP TER "SPRCTATOR."] Sin,—Many members of the "One Flock" following the" One Shepherd," though gathering for worship into various "folds," will be grateful to...

[TO TIM EDITOR OP TH8 "SPBOTLTOR.]

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SIE,—I have read with a fair amount of interest, and a good deal of sadness, the letters which have of late appeared in your valuable paper under the above heading. In my young...

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SMALL LOANS FOR POOR PEOPLE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF TRY "SPECTATOR.'] Si,—Will you allow me, as one who has devoted much time and thought for many years to the subject of "Small Loans for Poor People," so...

LTO TED EDITOR Or THE "SPECTATOR] SIR,—Is it not a.

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fact that the Book of Common Prayer is a part of the Act of Uniformity ? If so. "the law of the land" states clearly enough at the end of the Order of Confirmation that "there...

(To WI EDITOR 01 THE "SPROTATOR:1 SIR,—The letters of Mr.

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Wilson and Mr. Eyre in the last issue of the Spectator represent very clearly the attitude of most of the clergy on the question of the open Communion. The one quotes the...

(To TER EDITOR OF TIER .4:beau/on:I Sin,—As one brought up

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outside the Anglican Church, but who frequently receives the Holy Communion at the hands of his liberally minded vicar, may I say a word ? I have some- times wondered whether it...

A FREE-TRADE CRUSADE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR:1 Sin,—It is now practically certain that the Free-Trade Congress (August 4th-7th) will see an international movement started for the...

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EGRETS AND LEGISLATION.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR." Sin,—Being much interested in the anti-plumage question, and having read " Whanghee's" letter in the Spectator of June 27th, and also Mr. L....

WOLFE-MONTCALM MEMORIAL.

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LTO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR,—The Prince of Wales sails for Canada next Wednesday, and will take with him the sum collected on behalf of the Wolfe and Montcalrn...

AN OLD-AGE PENSIONS PUZZLE.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."] Sile,—My old nurse has an annuity of 220. I make up her income to 250 a year. Does my voluntary gift of 230 a year constitute " means " P If...

OLD-AGE PENSIONS.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."] Si,—Mr. Hart-Davis has rightly judged that in my letter , of June 27th I referred to the Stoke and Melford Association. The letter in your...

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THE ADMINISTRATION OF CHARITY.

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(TO TUB EDITOR 011 TUB 'SPECTATOR." j SIR,—One of the notes in your last week's issue gives the Charity Organisation Society the praise of excellence. It is good for the Society...

REST-ROOM FOR GIRLS AT THE FRANCO- BRITISH EXHIBITION.

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LTO TUB EDITOR OF TUB "sescraron.") SIR,—In addition to the sum of 218 19s. already acknow- ledged in the Spectator of June 27th, I have just received from— Mr. St. John Banks...

TO LOVERS OF HORSES.—AN OFFER.

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[To TEE EDITOR OF TUB "SPECTATOR." J SIR,—Apart from the actual benefit resulting to the horses, there is no better method of drawing attention to the cruelty of the tight...

INTERNATIONAL MORAL EDUCATION CONGRESS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF TUN "SPECTATOR. - ] Su,—The short notice which appeared in your issue of June 4th of Lady Grove's article on the "International Moral Education. Congress" in...

AS 'VAIN AS A PEACOCK.

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[To TIM EDITOR OF TUE "SPECTEATOR.1 venture to send you some curious particulars about the behaviour of a young peacock that is kept here. I should be glad to learn whether our...

MUSLIN CURTAINS FOR STRAWBERRY BEDS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF TUE "SPECTATOE.-f SIR,—I see in your issue of the 4th inst. a letter about birds in strawberry nets. I have covered my beds this year with white muslin, with...

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B 0 0 S.

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MEN AND, BIRDS, AT TELE LAND'S END.* THE proper study, of a naturalist is man, the reader of Mr. Hudson's singularly. attractive book may very well decide. Mr. Hudson has...

POETRY.

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ACTS in. 6. " SILVER and gold I have not: what I have, I give." He spoke, and the man rose and walked. Silver and gold thou hat, 0 Church of God ; But bast thou words of power...

NOTICE. — When Articles or "Correspondence" are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

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DR. VERRALL'S "EUMENIDES."* "I'HE year 458 B.C. is one of

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the most noteworthy in literary history, for in it Aeschylus exhibited that great trilogy—the • digamemnon, Chaephoroe, and Eumenides—which remains to . all time an tmatupassed...

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SOME MODERN FRENCH BOOKS.*

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M. ANATOLE FRANCE'S brilliant history of Joan of Arc easily takes one of the highest places among French books recently published. He has a w,Inderful gift of picturing the...

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THE YEAR OF THE FOUR EMPERORS.* Mn. BERNARD HENDERSON'S study

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of the "year of the four Emperors" is a good example of the admirable work produced by the younger school of Oxford historians. He calls it a "companion to the Histories of...

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NOVELS.

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THE FORE WARNERS. IN the industrial provinces of modern Italy intense but un- settled political thought keeps pace with great material progress. This, of course, has been the...

THE CONDITION OF HUNTERS.-t

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VETERINARY science has made some progress since the days when Charles James Apperley wrote his contributions to the Sporting Magazine. But the writings of "Nimrod" have now...

TAXATION IN SCOTLAND.* So far as we know, no book

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on this subject has hitherto been publiahed. It has been written in the belief that the primary requisite for intelligent discussion of any new proposals is an appreciation of...

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RZADABLZ NOVELS.—The Japanese Spy. By Lancelot Lawton. (Grant Richards. 6s.)—A

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picturesque story, showing with no little skill the recto and verso of Japanese life.--Shadowed. By Barbara 'Glynn. (John Ouseley. 6s.)—A fairly good detective story.—The Future...

The Golden Bose. By Amelie Rives (Princess Troubetzkoy). (Harper and

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Brothers. 6s.)—This is an American story in which the studies of the negro household belonging to the heroine are the most interesting part. As to Meraud, the heroine, the...

The New Quarterly. (J. M. Dent and Co. 2s. 61)—This

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"Review of Science and Literature" does better, we think, in the first of the two subjects than in the second. Radio-activity, views of matter, and speculations on the nether...

The Spanish Jade. By Maurice Hewlett. (Cassell and Co. 6s.)

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—A story of Spain, of which the date is about 1860. The figure of the heroine is well conceived, and her hopeless love for the hero and the sacrifice which she makes for him in...

The Hungry Forties. (T. Fisher Unwin. 3s. 6d.)—This volume was

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published four years ago, but it is not out of season to recall it. That a high price for wheat did not mean comfort to the agricultural labourer is proved over and over again....

Through the Depths of Space. By Hector Macpherson, jun. (W.

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Blackwood and Sons. 2s. net.)—This "Primer of Astronomy" is full of interest, as, indeed, a book on this subject, written by an expert, with a gift for putting his facts...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Unaer this heading we notice such Rooks of the ueel: 04 have not bee* reserved for review in other forms.] Souvenir of the Quebec Tercentenary. (Published by Authority of the...

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A technical work of great importance which we must be

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content with mentioning is the sixth edition of .Priedberger and .Frohner's Veterinary Pathology, Translated by ICH. Hayes, with Notes on Bacteriology by Professor R. Tanner...

A Book about Yorkshire. By J. S. Fletcher. (Methuen and

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Co. 7s. 6d. net.)—This is just the book that lovers of English country and old associations will delight in. Mr. Fletcher is discursive, and at once interesting and...

Small Holdings and Allotments, 1892 - 1907. By George Arthur Johnston, M.A.

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(Effingham Wilson. 16s. net.)—A statement of the law, as enacted and as illustrated by cases, of a most important subject. — The Public Trustee Act, 1908. By F. G. Champernowne,...

We are glad to see that a second edition has

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been called for of The Tradition of Scripture : its Origin, Authority,and Interpretation, by the Very Rev. William Barry (Lougmans and Co., 3s. 61. net), a volume in the...

Excerpta Cypria. Translated and Transcribed by Claude Delaval Cobham. (Cambridge

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University Press. 21s, net.)— Strabo (A.D. 26) gives various particulars of the configuration, area, rivers, mountains, cities, and so forth of the island. He adds some details,...

The Works of James Buchanan. Collected and Edited by John

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Bassett Moore. Vols. I.-II. (J. B. Lippincott Company. £12 12s. net the set of 12 vols.)—James Buchanan is known, and not very favourably known, on this side of the Atlantic as...

In " Routledge's Miniature Reference Library" (G. Routledge and Sees,

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is. net) we have A Dictionary of Literary Terms, by Pereival Vivian. This is a most useful volume with a very great collection of information, "literary terms" being made to...

A School Text - Book of Geography. By Lionel W. Lyell. (A.

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and C. Black. 3s. 6d.)—This is likely to be a most useful book, the work of an expert in teaching, and filled with facts of con- venient importance. It is furnished with...

In a collected edition of "The Works of Anatole France

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in an English Translation," Edited by Frederic Chapman (John Lane, 6s. per vol), we have two volumes, The Red Lily, Translated by Winifred Stephens, and Mother of Pearl,...