13 FEBRUARY 1915

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In the south the Austro-Hungarians, stiffened by a large German

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contingent. have been making a determined effort to save the Hungarian plain from the Russian flood. In order to accomplish this the Teutonic lines have made a risky advance...

It is impossible as yet to discover what the German

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loss hue been It has been estimated as high as forty-five thousand killed, but this figure must be largely conjectural. In any ease, if dead, wounded, and prisoners are taken...

It might be urged that if the Germans have failed,

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the Russians have achieved utterly barren victories, but that would be a superficial view of the net result of the German failures. The Germans and Austrians, we must remember,...

Before we leave the eastern theatre of the war we

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must note that a Petrograd telegram on Thursday states that is East Prussia a concentration of very great German forces has been definitely established, and that a vigorous...

In men, in guns, in explosives, in rifles, in copper,

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in petrol, in warships, and last and worst of all for them, in food, the Germans and Austrians will soon run short. Some miracle of fortune such as happened in previous wars may...

NEWS OF THE W EEK.

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F ROM the eastern theatre of war there have been received daring the week details of the gigantic dimensions of Field-Marshal von Hindenburg's grand attack upon the Russian...

Though one may for a moment indulge in such speculations,

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we should be mad as a nation if we let them distract our minds from the urgent and absolute necessity of concentrating every ounce of available effort upon making our own...

The Editors cannot undertak to return Manuscript in any case.

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The Note to Germany similarly cannot be discussed with advantage

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till the full text is published, but we observe the statement by the Associated Press that its main object is to obtain further elucidation of the German minatory statement as...

In the Moose of Commons on Monday Mr. Asquith stated

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that the casualties of the Expeditionary Force in the western area up to February 4th were approximately rare hundred and four thousand. Mr. Tennant said that Ito de,parash had...

It was announced on Friday that a battalion of Welsh

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Guards is at once to he raised. We recall with pleasure that during the Boer War we strongly urged that Wales should be represented in the Guards Brigade by a unit of its own....

There was a remarkable scene at the meeting of the

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Dania on Tuesday. The Times correspondent says that the en- thusiasm for conducting the war to its appointed end was quite as great as six months ago, and perhaps greater. The...

We may add that a Copenhagen newspaper makes the very

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interesting statement that Professor Miliarkoff, the leader of the Russian Liberal Party, has declared that the Allies had agreed that Conatrustinople should go to Russia. Of...

President Wilson's position is a very difficult one, and we

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shall not attempt to make it harder by critical ingenuities. As we have always said, we have not the slightest desire for American intervention On the side of the Allies. At the...

The news from the western theatre of the war is

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again not specially important, but on the whole the ding.dong has gone in favour of the Allies. At the beginning of the week the British gained what appears to have been an...

It may be worth while to note that the reason

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why this has not happened before is not any indifference on His Majesty's part towards the National Reserve, for it is an open secret that he has always taken the greatest...

The Washington telegrams in Friday's papers announce that the State

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Department has sent two Notes, one to London and one to Berlin. That addressed to the British Government concerns the use of the American flag on the • Lusitania. It pointa out...

The news from Egypt is satisfactory. Not only was the

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attack on the Canals complete failure, but the twelve thousand Turkish troops of various sorts who struggled through the desert and were repelled have retreated in such hot...

On Thursday the King visited Cambridge and inspected the Welsh

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Division. The General Officer Commanding later declared that the King had authorized the publication of an order containing en expression of His Majesty's satisfaction at the...

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In the House of Commons on Tuesday Mr. Chancellor complained

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that inoculation was being made virtually com- pulsory. Men were terrorized into being inoculated against their will. Dr. Addison, speaking for the Government, had the supremely...

We greatly regret to record the death of Lord Londonderry,

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who died on Monday morning in his sixty-third year. A man of wealth, he gave his labour ungrudgingly to the nubile. He was already in the House of Lords when the crisis caused...

The Balkan correspondent of the Times stated in last Saturday's

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paper that the ex-Sultan of Turkey, Abd-uLHamid, bad urgently advised the Young Turks toconclude peace. He pointed out that in no other way could Constantinople be saved. If...

As though to make trebly certain the certainty that the

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Allies will stand by one another till German militarism has been crushed, a financial pool has been established by Britain, France, and Russia. Mr. Lloyd George, accompanied by...

In an interview with a correspondent of the United Frees

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of America Count Zeppelin defended the action of the Zeppelin crews who dropped bombe on Yarmouth, Bran- caster, Snettieham. Lynn, and other unfortified towns and villages. He...

In the House of Commons on Thursday Mr. Asquith made

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three notable announcements. In future Sir John French will send twice a week a communication summarizing the doings of the British Force. Evidently " Todgers's can do it when...

We cannot, however, help being amused at Mr. Asquith's anxiety

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lest any one should take him for "apoliticalecoiaom ist of the old school" and not for " a practical man." He was at pains to show that his refusal to deplete supply by fixing...

Fate decided upon a different conclusion to the voyage of

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the • Wilhelmina across the Atlantic from that which bad been expected. She was so badly damaged by gales of wind that she put into Falmouth for repairs of her own accord. No...

Bank Rate, 5 per cent., changed trout 6 per cent.

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Aug. 8th.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE NEW "DAY" AND MERCHANT SHIPPING. THE Germans have such a mania for fixing a day for JL achieving some important purpose that we should feel guilty of a certain want of...

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COMPULSORY INOCULATION.

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I T is a little difficult to keep one's patience with the Government's attitude towards compulsory inocula- tion. It is a capital example of " Letting ' I daro not' wait upon '...

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LABOUR PROBLEMS AND THE WAR.

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M R. TENNANT'S appeal to the Trade Unionists to modify some of their more stringent regulations during the continuance of the war raises issues which require to be carefully...

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PROHIBITION IN SCOTLAND DURING THE WAR.

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E note with great interest the movement which is gathering strength in Scotland in favour of pro- hibition during the war. Let us say at once that, provided a well-marked...

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A RESERVE OF RIFLES—AN ESSENTIAL ITEM IN NATIONAL DEFENCE.

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A s a good deal of interest has been aroused over our reference last week to an article published eight years ago on the need of a reserve of a million rifles, we reprint the...

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AN ACADEMIC VIEW OF WAIL

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M ISS JANE HARRISON writes with such briskness and vividness, and is so sensitive to everything that is alive in the intellectual world, that we turned with an unusual...

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VulTIPIIIG ON THE PEEL.

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" I T'S safe enough as long as you keep on the peel." Thus _L speaks one of Mr. Anatey's latest creations—a wasp drowning in a pot of marmalade. How delicately all lovers of...

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CORRESPONDENCE.

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NAPOLEON'S STRATEGY. [To elm EDITaa on sea “Srsounon."] Sra,—If I may return once more to what, after all, for practical purposes, is ancient history, I would venture to say...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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A GREAT DANGER. [To Tu. Homan or Tin "ameralosn Sic.,—Don ' t you get " woozy " on the attit nde of the American people on the war question. If the Devil himself should appear...

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[To TA. Enna or ran "Sr.-1.'0.n SIR, —As an American who

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would regard the defeat of the Allies by Germany as a world calamity, and who would be willing even to consider the United States, in certain con- tingencies, becoming an active...

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[To som Hanes as Too .13rocrAlos..3

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SIR,-2 propos of your editorial entitled "A Great Danger," quoted in our papers of January 23rd, I suppose it is scaruely necessary to assure your readers that the opinion of...

fib THE Romeo as vs. “Srserosor..1 . Sit,—When I read

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to-night the copy of your editorial on the danger of a collision between England and the United States I was moved to write to you the opinion of one American, reinforced by the...

(To THE Hems or Tao eterscurean

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Stn.—Here, as in most other lands, both the policy of the Government and the attitude of the Press reflect the ambi- tions of the business men. German activities, too, are quite...

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[To ran Noma or ra. "Iirsorsros."1

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Sui,—No doubt the writer of the article in your issue of January 23rd headed "A Great Danger" may like to see that an American newspaper, the Philadelphia Pubfis Ledger, puts...

[To TH. Bean or UM .. SPrer11 . 01.1 SIB,—I have read in

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this morning's paper a synopsis of your editorial of yesterday on the danger of drifting into war with the United States. The feeling, wide spread, of sympathy for Belgium and...

ITO THE Ernest or roe .firsc-rsros."] SIR, I do not

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think you are right in scolding our Government, but keep right on. Our Government has a hard job in walking the chalk-line of neutrality when four-fifths of the sentiment here...

!TO T. Eon . os or ms . .arscrsvol., Stit,—L notice in one

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of our papers a piece copied from the Spectator saying that the Government of the United States was trying to favour Germany. I am a travelling man and go over various States of...

[To roe EDITOR OF TEX . 1511LCUTOrt."] SIR,—Referring to the editorial,

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"A Great Danger," in a recent number of the Spectator, and which appeared in several of our leading dailies, there can hardly be any sort of Com- parison between our " family...

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BACON ON SEA POWER. [To ma EDIT= Or me "Srearrron."1

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Sin,—What is the exact meaning of Bacon's femme remark that " to be master of the sea is an abridgement of a monarchy," quoted in your issue of February 6th P The general sense...

"NOSCITITIL A BOOMS."

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[TO me Emma or ma "Srsamor."] Sin,--A few days ago the Morning Post published the pro- gramme of an organization calling itself (if my memory serves me) the "Union of Democratic...

THE NATIONAL RESERVE.

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[To me Emma or ma °Creamy."] Snt,—May I raise a plea P A large number of National Reserve men are scattered throughout Territorial units now serving at home. These men have, by...

WHAT CONSTITUTES A STATE?

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fro sea Emma or sae "SPECTS708.°) Sra,—The sentiment, or let use say the principle, that " Stone walls do not a city make," that men (Wen), the citizens, make the city, is older...

AMERICA AND THE WAR.

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[To ran Emma or Ter "srecrams..9 Ste,—The writer has just returned from a trip across the United States, and thought possibly year readers might be interested in a few lines...

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FUEL SUPPLIES IN WAR TIME.

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(TO THE EDITOR Or THE "SPECTATOIL:1 STIL, -- The following two paragraphs from the current Press deserve to be noted by all interested in the use of fuel, whether in the...

HOME GUARDS; A VOICE FROM VENEZUELA.

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[To ass Emma or ass "Sescrsroa"] Sot,—I enclose cheques amounting to £39 95., being a sub- scription from the British residents in Caracas, Venezuela, to the "Spectator Home...

VENEREAL DISEASE AND THE ARMY—AN APPEAL.

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I re TBE Locus or IBS " SPECTATES:1 SI72—The National Council of Public Morals, of which I am the President, has determined to issue to the men of His Majesty's Forces the...

WAR AND WASTE.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE "SPECIAT01:1 Sin,—In your last issue you say that " it is essential that no bread should be thrown away," and suggest an appeal to the housewives. May I...

RIFLEMEN FORM!

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[To TES EDITOR OF TIM .. aracvaros.71 Slit,—Are there not in this country a large number of retired Volunteers and Territorials who are expert rifle shots and possess private...

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' WHAT I FOUND OUT IN THE HOUSE OF A

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GERMAN PRINCE." [To WIR EDITOR OF 0115 n ar6CTATOR...] SIE, — Our attention has been attracted to a review in your issue of February 8th of the book which we baste recently...

FROM BORDIG HERA. TO WURTTEMBERG.

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[To tan EDITOR or Tea " Srsorrrox." . 1 Sun,—I venture to send you the copy of a letter that may interest you. My father wrote from Bordighera, in Italy, to a friend at Hampton...

2/182 ESSEX R.H.A. BATTERY—A LETTER OF THANKS.

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[To roe EDITOR or TIM SFROTATO."1 Sift, —I write again to thank those of your readers who have so cordially responded to the appeal in the Spectator of January 9th for the men...

GENERAL U. S. GRANT.

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[To see Maros or ram " f3racrwrox."] Sin,—The revival of discussion on the character of Ulysees Grant evoked by the publication of General King's book, The True Ulysses S....

"IL MIRACOLO DI KITCHENER." [TO TITS Enron or Ton .. SrucTrroa v l

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Sta,—In your issue of January 30th you quote a paragraph from the Temps in praise of England's New Army, and you add: " We are delighted to read this tribute." You may like to...

TWO IDEAS.

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[To roe EDITOR or Too . 'EPECTATOa . '] Sire,—May I express two ideas ? (1) Germany is now pro• yoking neutrals to war so that she may admit defeat by over. whelming numbers....

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FREE CHURCHMEN AND WELSH CHURCH DISEND 0 W MEN T.

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Tan following letter has been issued to the Free Church ministers and official laymen in view of the introduction of a second Suspensory Bill dealing with the Welsh Church in...

ROCK PLANTS AND THE WOUNDED. [To rem EDITOR 07 THE

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.. Orscrxron..1 SIR,—I venture to ask if you would insert the following appeal to provide comforts for the wounded. I have in my Abbey Garden at Much Wenlock a great qnantity of...

" AINSLIE GORE: A SKETCH FROM LIFE "— FACT, NOT

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FICTION. [TO THE EDITOR Or el. ...SPECTATOR...1 Stn,—Your correspondent " C. L. D.," in your issue of last week, assumes that Ainslie Gore is " fiction," and that of "an...

THE " SPECTATOR" HOME GITAIIDS FUND.

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SunsenremoNs for this Fund should he sent to tam Spectator Office, or direct to Messrs. Barclay and Co., Goslings' Branch, 19 Fleet Street, London, B.C. Cheques should be made...

NOTICE.—When " Correspondence" or Articles are siyned with the writer's

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name or initials, or with a pseudonym, cr are marled "Communicated," the Editor roust not necessarily he held to be in agreement via, the views therein erprerred or viah the...

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BOOKS.

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MR. KIPLING ON THE NEW ARMY.• MB. RuDYARD KIPLING visited the training camps and saw the flower of British youth being forged into the weapon that is to be hurled against...

THE CENTRAL ASSOCIATION OF VOLUNTEER TRAINING CORPS.

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Paesmzur LORD DESBOROLTGIL How. Sscarmay PERCY A. HARRIS, Esq. Wenn OFFICES Judges' Quadrangle, Royal Courts of Justice (Carey Street entrance). The aims and objects of this...

POETRY.

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" WOUNDED BEFORE THE WAR." BADGES FOR THE MEDICALLY UNFIT. (Suggested by a phrase in Mr. St. Lee Strachey's letter accompanying his Badges for recruits rejected on medical...

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SIR ALFRED LYALL'S LATER ESSA Yaw TUB late Sir Alfred

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Lyall had touched life at many points, as a man of action, an administrator, a thinker, a scholar, and a poet, and the wide range of his interests is reflected in this volume,...

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LEISURE HOURS OF A LONG LIFE.* TEE Master of Trinity

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is almost the last representative of what was once an accepted tradition in English life. For whatever else the head of a great school, such as Harrow, could not do, it was...

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FAMILIAR QUOTATIONS.*

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Tar tenth edition of Bartlett'* Familiar Quotations makes wonderfully good reading. It combines the charms of a dictionary and an anthology. As he turns over the pages assigned...

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"BLOOD IS THICKER THAN WATER."

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THE most noteworthy article in the United Service _Magazine for February is "New Light on the Blood is Thicker than Water Episode," by Edgar Stanton Maclay, A.M. The article, as...

BRITAIN'S IMPERIAL DESTINY.*

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IT was s most happy thought which has led to the republica- tion of the late Professor Crumb's lectures on Britain's Imperial destiny. They were originally delivered in the...

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GERMAN SPIES.*

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Tins is a disappointing book. On the corm• it bears a most quaint and fascinating reproduction of " the black cow—the mystic sign employed by von Black's spies." We naturally...

FICTION.

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RAIN BEFORE SEVEN.* Ma. Lail:arms, who enters the literary arena with an equipment rare in a novice, serves to illustrate a criticism of the late Sir Alfred Lyall in the volume...

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The Mutiny of the 'Elsinore.' By Jack London. (Mills and

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Boon. 6s.)—As an adventure story pure and simple, The Mutiny of the 'Elsinore,' with its prolonged periods of inaction, may be counted a failure. But to assert this is not to...

M. Paul Clandel is perhaps the best known of the

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younger school of French poets; while his strong Roman Catholicism brings him into touch with what many believe to be the chief movement of modern France—the anti-secularist...

IlEADS.BLB Novara—Wesblock : the Autobiography of an Automaton. By Harry

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McDonald Walters. (J. M. Dent and Sons. 2s. 6d. net.)—" Wesblock is a common type, and he writes himself down as he knows himself, or thinks he knows himself "; yet the result...

The study of the science of government has received a

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notable addition in Mr. Basil Edward Hammond's Bodies Politic and their Governments (Cambridge University Press, 10e. 6d. net). Mr. Hammond analyses in turn the various forms of...

Many of our readers who are interested in the subject

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of charity organization will be glad to know of a small book recently issued called The History of the Monmouth Street Society, Bath, by Percy Vere Turner (S P.O.K. Depot, 3...

Contemporary drama is hardly conceivable in England as the subject

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of a course of University lectures. The papers collected in Aspects of Modern Drama, by Frank Wadleigh Chandler (Macmillan and Co., 8s. 6d. net), were, however, originally...

Edgar Chirrup. By Peggy Webling. (Methuen and Co. 6s.) .,-Though

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we have discovered several split infinitives in Miss Webling's book, we wish to praise very highly indeed her style of writing. She can be satirical without bitterness, light...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in This column does not necessarily preclude subsequent rerien.1 A translation has just appeared of the second half of Fran Forster-Nietzsche's Life of her brother,...

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In Dandies and Men of Letters (Duckworth and Co., 109.

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6d. net) Mr. Leon H. Vincent has written a series of short sketches of a biographical character, dealing with a number of persons who have little in common save that they belong...

We have on more than one occasion in these columns

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urged the necessity for the wider dissemination of knowledge upon the subject of venereal disease. We should like to draw attention to the excellent work being done in this...

The possible value of periscopes in trench fighting, such as

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prevails over the whole western battle-ground in Europe, has been alluded to by more than one military critic. There is an obvious advantage in being able to make observations...

The records of the darkest months of the French Revolution

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have been exhaustively searched by M. Hector Fleisehmamx in Behind the Scenes in the Terror, translated from the French by Henry Blauchamp (Greening and Co.. 12s. 6d. net). A...