15 SEPTEMBER 1917

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General Sarrail began on Saturday tut an advance in the

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rugged hills south of Lake Ochrida, on the extreme left of the Macedonian front, where it touches Albania- The. French and Russian troops employed had by Wednesday pushed...

The enemy's resistance in East Africa is being steadily worn

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down. Between Lake Nyasa and the sea, the British and Belgian columns at the end of last week achieved some considerable suc- cesses over German columns, which were driven from...

Our airmen, though hindered for several days by rain and

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mist, have had a busy and successful week. The Naval Air Service on Monday and Tuesday dropped tons of bombs on the Ghent aero- dromes, the Bruges docks, and the railway...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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S IR DOUGLAS HAIL has had no large operations to report during the past week, though the liveliness on the Western Front continues, especially round Ypres and Lens. The centre...

Eleven British merchantmen over 1,600 tons were sunk last week

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by mine or torpedo. This is the smallest weekly total yet announced by the Admiralty since February, and, so far as it goes, testifies to the increasing efficiency of the Navy's...

The Russian armies in Livonia during the week stayed their

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retreat on a front which, at a distance of about forty miles from Riga, curves from the mouth of the Melupe River, on the Gulf of Riga, to the Dvina's marshy banks at...

Lord Montagu of Beaulieu made an excellent speech at Sheffield

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last week which has received loss publicity than it deserved. He said that ho had ascertained that so far the casualties from acre. plane attacks since January 1st were only...

The fact, he said, most be faced that we had

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no machines to spare for work of doubtful profit. He expressed his firm conviction that the Government and the two Air Services were doing their best to overtake the great...

The Italian Army has had another week of desperate fighting

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north-east. of Gorizia, where the Austrians, heavily reinforced from the Russian front, are trying to stem General Cadorna's advance. Monte San Gabriele, which next to Monte...

Our wonderful French Allies last Saturday made another bound forward

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north of Verdun, and captured a froth series of German positions ona fronted a mile and a half east of the Meuse. The French objectives were the northern side of the Fosses...

THE PAPER SHORTAGE.—We trust that readers of the "Spectator" will

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give definite orders to their newsagents for a copy of the ." Spectator" to be reserved for them each week till countermanded.

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M. Ribot attempted to reconstruct his- Ministry, but failed owing

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to the refusal of the Socialist. Party to support him, and to ..the eonsequent.withdrawal of IL Albert. Thomas, the Ministee of Munitions. M. Painleve, who has been a successful...

In our opinion, the time has corm for organizing more

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regularly the means of shelter in London against moonlight raids. These raids are likely to be repeated, in spite of the fact that they have done comparatively insignificant...

We all recognize the difficulties and dangers of Sweden's position

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as a neutral, with an unscrupulous belligerent like Germany spying on her every movement, as a hungry crocodile watches his- prey. We know that the great majority of theSwedisb...

5L Ribot; the veteran French statesman who became Premier once

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again last March, resigned office on Friday week. The direct cause of this was the resignation of M. Malay, his Minister of the Interior. He fell as a result of the affair of...

There is nothing new in the arrogance, brutality, and had

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faith of these German messages, whose author was given his passports on Wednesday,'"and asktsl to leave Argentina at once. Count Luxburg's truly Prussian contempt for the...

The Swedish Foreign Office has issued an evasive statement in

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which, after mentioning that it had transmitted American telegrams to Turkey as well as a German telegram about Kiao-chau, it denies-that we raised any objection in 1915 to the...

The American Government on Saturday last made public the text

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of three deciphered telegrams from Count Luxburg, the German -Charge d'Affaires at Buenos Aires, which had been de- spatched as Swedish official messages by the Swedish Legation...

The Russian kaleidoscope has. again been violently shaken. On Saturday

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last General Korniloff, who was appointed Commanders in-Chief six weeks ago, called upon M. Kerensky and his colleagues in the Provisional Government to resign their powers in...

- But the part played by the.Swedials Foreign Office in

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this affair is certainly surprising, and calls for much more explanation than has.. been „offered from Stockholm. The Swedish Minister at Buenos Aires may have been culpably lax...

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The new Canadian Franchise Bill, which was read is second

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time on Tuesday, gives novel expression to the idea that if a man will not servo hit country he should not have a share in governing it. All members of the Canadian Oversea...

Lord French, in some remarks on the battle of the

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Marne which were published in the Paris Journal on the third anniversery of the fight, declared that General von Xluck made in fatal blunder, not merely in turning aside from...

The King has expressed a desire to recognize specially the

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services of the troops engaged in France andBelgium in the earliest stages of the war, up to and including the First Battle of Ypres, which began our October llth, 1014. A...

We would direct the attention of our readers to the

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full report which we are enabled to publish of the addrem of the American Secretary of State to a body of American officers. We do not suppose that the officers of any country...

We mentioned the other day that Mr. William J. Bryan,

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who used to be the leader of the American Peace Party, had been making speeches in favour of the war. The August number of his journal, the Commuter, which we have since...

The trial of Lieutenant Douglas Malcolm on the charge of

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murder. ing Anton Baumberg, a profligate alien who had attempted to seduce his wife, ended on Tuesday with the acquittal of the accused. The case excited great interest, even in...

Last Saturday Mr. Lloyd George spoke at Birkenhead on the

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war. Ile declared that the figures which he gave in the House last month with regard to our loans from submarine attack were perfectly accurate- The German efforts to disprove...

Sir Edward Carson issued to the papers of Friday week

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a notable letter deprecating the " very loose and mischievous talk about peace," and the foolish notions that "we have only to conclude a treaty of peace with Germany and all...

Mr. Lloyd George, "addressing the Eisteddfod at Birkenhead on Thursday

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week, spoke of the decisive part that little nations are still playing in the world's history. "Great nations are necessary for protection, for security, for strength ; the...

Mr. Boner Law, at a luncheon on Wednesday in honour

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of Mr. McCormick, a well-known Illinois member of Congress, expressed very frankly our gratitude to America for her generous financial assistance- We have helped our Allies with...

Bank rate, 5 per cent., changed from 51 per cent.

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April 5th.

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FOOD CONTROL AND ECONOMY.

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A LTHOUGH, as we have often explained, we regard all attempts to regulate, in other words to reduce, food prices with the utmost misgiving, we have to recognize now that Lord...

TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE RUSSIAN CRISIS. T HE situation in Russia is critical, and it seems only too likely that the country . will be plunged in civil war, if indeed a state of civil war is not...

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THE WAGE-EARNER AND THE INCOME TAX.

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A MONG the resolutions passed without much discussion at the tail end of the Trade Union Congress at Black- pool was one condemning the lowering of the limit of exemption for...

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THE CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTOR.

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A LITTLE book entitled I Appeal onto Caesar (Allen and Unwin, Is. net), written by a lady (Mrs. Henry Hob , house) whose eldest son is a Quaker and a conscientious objector and...

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MR. LANSING'S ADDRESS TO AMERICAN OFFICERS.

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We hare obtained a full report of the memorable address delivered by Mr. Robert Lansing, the American Secretary of Slate, to the Reserve Officers' Training Corps at Madison...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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(Letters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs are often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which Ad ;noble the space.] THE ROOT OF SOCIAL REFORM'....

tTo see Eorroa or TUE "ScrcrATon."1 Sin,—In the reconstruction after

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the war, we aro looking forward to a gigantic task of building and rebuilding houses for the people, not only in the devastated parts of France and Belgium. but ales in our own...

THE SILENCE OF LORD HALDANE.

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(To THE EDITOR CP THE "SPECTATOR.") SIR,—Your readers greatly apprecinte your chivalrous defence of Lord Haldane in last week's number of the Spectator. There are,...

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BEEKEEPING.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPRETAPOR."1 Stn,-16ey a Cheshire beekeeper express his pleasure at the attention which you are drawing to the production of honey ? It not only saves...

"A WORD TO AMERICA."

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(To THE Enema or THE " SPECTATOZ."1 Sm,—It is always a matter of interest and satisfaction to readers of the Spectator to note the fulfilment of many of the forecasts which...

WALTER GREENWAY.

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Fro THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.") Sts,—I am greatly obliged to "F. W. B." for his valuable suggestion in your last number, and to yourself for your foot- note to his letter....

(To rue EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR...1 8111,—I have no

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alternative treatment for Isle of Wight disease to recommend to your correspondent Mr. Elliston, who leas Impel "bacterol " with complete SUCCESS. My letter was concerned with...

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A VOICE FROM THE RANKS.

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(To nun EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR:9 Sta,—Orce again I've found a few more spare moments to let you know am still one of old Fritz's tormentors and am enjoying best of health at...

POTATO ENDS. • [To THE EDITOR or TEE " SPECTATOR:

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9 SI IL, —Tbero is no novelty in the suggestion made by Lord Desborough. I have treated potatoes in this way for some years with success, end gave my experiences in the colonies...

" RESCUED, REFORMED, RESTORED."

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[To THE EDITOR or THE "SPECTATOR."' Sta,—As Treasurer of the Special Appeal Fund of the Philanthropic Society's Farm School, Redhill, which is doing such national work in the...

THE PSALMS IN MODERN LIFE.

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[To TOE Enema or the " Sem - mm."1 Stn,—Your correspondent Mr. William Bayne is not alone in his surprise at the - confession of a recent writer in your columns: " The Psalms...

FOOD ECONOMY.

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[To THE EDITOR or TDE "Seem...m."1 Sts,—Would any of your readers kindly tell me the best method of preparing and cooking badger hams ?-1 am, Sir, Se., G. I. H. 'Surely this...

[To TOE EDITOR or THE "Sesersroa."1 Fm,—Referring to Lord Desboroagh's

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letter some time ago recommending the planting of eyes of potatoes in seed boxes and transplanting then, later to prepared ground, I persuaded my gardener to try the experiment,...

SHELL SHOCK.

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[To THE Dorton or ins o flthernros."1 Sta,—In a review that appeared in your issue of the 1st inst. your reviewer makes merry over what he terms "military medical diagnosis" (I...

THE LATE MR. JOSEPH CHOATE.

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[To THE EDITOR or TEE "SPECTATOR. " ) Sm,—Announcement is made that the Life and Letters of the lute Joseph H. Choate, sometime American Ambassador to England, is in...

[To THE EDITOR OE THE " SPECTATOR:9 S I it,

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—I can roach for the handsome return obtained by following Lord Desborough's "tip" in the spring of last year to cut potato ends in the kitellen and plant. I have several rows...

NOTICE.—II'ken" Corrospandenee" or Articles are signed with the writer's HOMO

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communicated," the Editor moat net necessarily be held to be Oil agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

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POETRY.

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GIFTS OF THE DEAD. Vs who in Sorrow's tents abide, Mourning your dead with bidden tears, Bethink yo what a wealth of pride They've won you for the coming yea.. Grievous the...

BOOKS.

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A BRIDGE TO THE CLASSICS.* SOME fine day the disputants in the great controversy about the humanities will discover the existence of tho "Loeb Classical Library " and realize...

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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE.* Ix was a good itlea.ol Dr. Ifiggis to

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devote the Bross Leeturee, which he was invited to give at Lake' Forest College,. Illinois, to a study • The Riffle Frahm.'fly J..11:11ggls. London; I.ongranns spa Co. tie....

ENGL-AND AND EUROPE..

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IT has boon sought," writes Mr, H. E. Egerton; " without ex- tenuation and without malice, to tell in rough outline the com- plicated story of British polioy in its connexion...

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SILVER.

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WALTER BAGEUOT once explained tlmt the reason why no few good books were written was that so few people who could write knew anything. Mr. White is in the fortunate position of...

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Blessed are the Dead : an Anthology. Compiled by A.

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E. Manning Foster. (Cope and Ifenwick. 3s. ltd. Tho idea of this hook is to present Death beautifully as man through the eyes of ancient and modern poets, philosophers and...

l'he Collected Works of Padraio II. Pearce. (Mammal and Co.

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7s. 6d. net.)—Cireumatances have tended to give the writing, of the late Padraie Pearao a greater prominence than they would perhepe -ordinarily have achieved, and the same...

FICTION.

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Me. Gatswoneuv has written another very clever novel on a depressing but eternal theme. As one of his characters says: The man seems to think love is nothing but passion, and...

The attractive and useful little Spanish journal, America-Latina, which appears

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fortnightly, lies completed its third volutes° with a bulky and lavishly illustrated anniversary ntunber, full of messages from public men like Sir Douglas. Haig and M. Itibot....

The Flying Book, 1917. Edited by W. L. Wade. (Longnaares

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and Co. 3s. Gd. not.)—This book, though somewhat tantalizing in its enforced omission of the many new machines and devices that have been invented for the war, contains,...

Dulwich History and Romance. By Edwin T. Hall. (Bickers. Is.

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ed. net.)—Edward Alloys, the theatrical proprietor of Shake- speare's time, bought the manor of Dulwich iu 1005 and completed his College in 1616, for the reception of twelve...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK,

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Levier ape column does not seensarily reds* soliftuest miss] /ran Heald : hero and Humorist. With a Preface by Sidney Dark. (C. Arthur Pearson. 35. Od.)—The late 111r. Heald, a...

Women's Work in War Time. By H. M. Usborne. (1'.

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Werner Laurie. 2s. net.)—Mrs. Usborne insists in her Introduction to Chia useful handbook that girls must in future be trained like their brothers for the work which they wish...

Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi. With Notes and Introduction by W.

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E. Barnes, D.D. (Cambridge University Press. Is. Gd. net.)—This new volume of the well-known " Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges" leaves only Deuteronomy, which Principal...

Married Life. By May Edginton. (Cassell and Co. Gs. net.)—

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Pendia advice to those about to marry—" Don't ! "—might well be applied to the way in which the hero and heroine of this novel face their responsibilities its the married state....

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General Past : a Comedy its Three Acts. By J.

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E. Harold Terry. (Methuen and Co. 2s. net.)—An attractive play showing how social conditions have been, and—according to Mr. Terry—will continue in future to be, affected by the...

Messrs. Edward Stanford have issued a good half .inch map,

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(2s. ed.) of the Flanders battle front, from the sea to the neighbour. , hood of Ypres, showing the Belgian coast and the interior to Thick and Routers, with all the natural...

M. Charles Crolleau has translated FitzGerald into unrhymed French verse

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in Les Ruhaiyat d'Omar Khayyam (Leopold B. Hill, Is. 3d. net), an elegant booklet which will amuse the devotees: The l fleet stanza runs Dohout ! car le Matin dans la coupe de...