5 JUNE 1915

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Eyewitness" ends his letter published on Thursday by quoting from

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a special article which appeared on May 18th in a German paper called the Lille War News. The article in question, after declaring that if the enemy invaded Germany "they would...

Thursday, June 3rd, was King George's fiftieth birthday. The heart

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of the nation goes out to him in gratitude for the fine spirit he has shown throughout Chewer and in good hopes for his and the nation's future. But though the nation is proud...

The new Privy Councillors are seven, and include Lord Robert

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Cecil; Sir John Jordan, our Ambassador at Peking ; Francis Achind ; Mr. Harold Baker, one of the ablest of the younger Liberals, and until a fortnight ago Financial Secre- tary...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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O N Monday night the long-expected raid of Zeppelins on London took place. About ninety bombs, mostly of the incendiary type, were dropped, and many fires were caused. The Press...

The most notable item in the list of Birthday Honours

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is the Garter conferred upon Lord Kitchener. That is the appropriate answer of the Government to those who have attempted to destroy the nation's confidence in the Secretary of...

The incessant work which the King has done in the

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way of inspecting military units before they leave for the front has intensified for him this part of the tragedy of the war. In moving among the troops the King has been...

In the western theatre of the war the event of

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the week has been the great effort of the French to take the sugar refinery at Souchez. This building, or, rather, block of buildings, had been turned by the Germans into what...

Besides this success in the centre, the French have made

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good progress in the district which has gained the name of the "Labyrinth "—i.e., the trenches south-east of Renville. Here the elaborate system of interlaced German works Las...

The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript in any case.

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The Italian news continues to be very good. Our ally's

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troops are making progress into Tirol from both sides of the Lake of Garda, while to the east they have already crossed the Lamm and occupied the ridge of Monte Nero, which...

In regard to the Dardanelles there is little to report,

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but that little is good. Every day makes our position from the military point of view more comfortable, and every day also Increases the difficulties of the Turks both in...

Of the magnitude of the help the Italians have brought

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to the Allies there can be no doubt whatever. The meaning of Italy's intervention is that if the Germans are to win they have got to subdue three million more men. No doubt the...

We record with deep regret the loss of two more

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ships of war. On Thursday week the auxiliary ship 'Princess Irene' was accidentally blown up in Sheerness Harbour. Only one survivor was picked up. Besides the crew of about...

We learn with much regret that Sir Edward Grey has

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been forced to leave the Foreign Office temporarily in order to rest his eyes. In spite of suffering a good deal lately he has pluckily continued his work, but he has at last...

Universal satisfaetion has been caused by the appointment of Sir

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Henry Jackson as First Sea Lord. Sir Arthur Wilson will still be associated with the Admiralty in an advisory capacity. Sir Henry Jackson is a specialist in wireless....

Once more it is exceedingly difficult to say what is

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hap- pening in the Russian theatre of the war. As we write on Thursday evening, the latest news seems to show that Przemysl has fallen. In addition, a new development of the...

A very significant piece of news is that Roumania, according

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to a telegram in the Daily Mail, has placed an order for five hundred thousand pairs of boots with a United States firm. That, of course, is not an absolute sign that Roumania...

We feel equally sure that the Bulgarians are not going

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to yield to German pressure and ally themselves with the Turks. They know that if the Quadruple Alliance is beaten the "scrape of paper" in regard to rearrangements in the...

We note with great interest that Mr. Harold Cox, in

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a letter to Tuesday's Times, announces that the changed circumstances have made him alter his view in regard to com- pulsory and national service. A. similar change of view was...

A Renter telegram published in Thursday's papers tells us that

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a striking warning to Mexico has been issued by President Wilson in the form of a statement addressed by him to the people of the United States "The time has come," says...

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The Leaders of the Opposition in Hungary, who are being

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received in audience by the Emperor Francis Joseph, wish to lay before him matters which cannot be discussed with pro- priety in the Hungarian Chamber. One wonders what these...

The text of the German Reply to the American Note

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about the Lusitania' and submarine warfare generally was published in the papers of Tuesday. It is a wholesale effort in tem- porizing, evading, and equivocating. The German...

The French Government have communicated to foreign Powers a statement

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about the use by the Germans of inflam- mable liquids. The statement reproduces the Order of October 16th issued from the headquarters of the 2nd German Army at St. Quentin....

Since our last issue Ministers have been appointed to fill

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the places in the Government which had not been assigned last week. Mr. Samuel goes back to the Post Office, but is not a member of the Cabinet ; Mr. E. S. Montagu becomes...

Speaking at Bishop Auckland last Saturday, Mr. Henderson, the new

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President of the Board of Education, said that his promotion to the Cabinet had not been approved of by the whole Labour Party, but his opinion was that when the Labour Party...

The Reply proceeds to assert that the ' Lusitania's •

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guns were concealed beneath the deck. It also states that the British Admiralty advised merchantmen to use neutral flags and to try to ram German submarines. Consequently the...

We were glad to see in the Times of Wednesday

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a letter from several distinguished Heads of Orford Colleges urging that every citizen should forthwith be placed "under orders" by the Government. There was also a letter from...

As regards the British ship Falaba,' by the sinking of

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which an American lost his life, the Reply says that the commander of the German submarine intended to allow the passengers and crew to escape, but when the master refused to...

Bank Bate, 5 per cent., changed from 6 per cent.

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Aug. 8th.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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DEPRESSION AND ITS CAUSES. 'THOUGH the acute fit of despondency which we noticed 1 last week shows signs of wearing off, there is still a great deal too much pessimism in the...

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THE ZEPPELIN RAID ON LONDON.

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L ONDON is to be complimented on having coins through its first Zeppelin raid with complete com- posure and little material damage. We have alwaya assumed that the raids so far...

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A WAR CENSUS.

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THE need of the hour is a military census, an enrol- ment of the nation for war. We want to know exactly what every man in the country is doing to serve and save the State. We...

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THE FINANCIAL EMERGENCY.

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Tilf country has not yet sufficiently realized that there .s a financial as well as a military emergency to be faced. In spite of the warnings of the late Chancellor of the...

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HUSBANDS AND SONS, BROTHERS AND FRIENDS.

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A T the beginning of the war it was proposed by a group. of well-known Englishwomen that mourning should not be worn for those killed in battle. The motive was excellent—the...

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LATENT CREEDS.

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T HE vain repetition of creeds is a piece of ritual which is ceasing to make appeal even to professedly religious people. They form a part of public worship, bat we do not...

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"TEMPO DI GUERRA?"

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THERE is a remote valley in the Cainaca country where Nature has poured out some of her loveliest gifts and, at the same time demanded toll of the people. Isom:area:lino (the...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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THE MOST INSPIRING WAR IN BRITISH HISTORY. [To S. EDITOR Or San SPROSSSOa...] $111, — Amid the countless numbers of cheering and inspiring letters which I daily receive in...

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AMERICA AND THE WAR.

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[To ras Emma or sax "BracrAroa."1 Sis,—In a private letter from an observer at one of the larger American Universities I have just received so inter- esting a comment on the...

COMPULSORY SERVICE.

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[To no Eorrou or me - srsersvos."] Sra,—On the one hand we want compulsory service to beat our enemy by force; on the other hand we need "business as usual" to enable our...

A MONSTROUS INJUSTICE.

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[To ma E707017 07 Tux .Sercreros."] Sac—The first duty of a Government is to establish justice. That being so, the first act of our National Government must be to enact...

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VOLUNTEER TRAINING CORPS—A SUGGESTION. rTe Too Eons,. or me "SescrwrOa."1

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5th—May I be permitted through your columns to put forward a suggestion for professional men who, like myself, are over military age and have had no previous military training P...

SWITZERLAND AND BRITAIN.

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[To pm Eons. or Too easmersvos."1 you kindly allow me by means of your paper to correct certain false rumours that have been spread about concerning Switzerland ? We have been...

A. MEDAL FOR WOMEN. (TO TEE Eorros or ram 0 13rscrAros."]

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Sre.,—This seems a fitting moment to suggest that a medal be struck for women. There are numbers who are doing work requiring both courage and skill, and yet nothing in the way...

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TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN, AND THE WAR.

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To ram Emsos or roe .8rscreroa.") Stn,—Trinity College, Dublin, is preparing a list of her students, past and present, who are, or have been, serving in His Majesty's Forces by...

SOWETT AND THE THIRTY-NINE ARTICLES.

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[To sea EDITOR OP THE SPECT ST8,—In his interesting article beaded "With a Volunteer Training Corps at Whitsuntide" your correspondent "J. B. A." tells us that Jewett, when...

ON A POSTCARD.

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f To ass BOMA OF Ton "Ersorsros."1 Sta, — In the Spectator of Nay 22nd I see a letter signed "A Wounded Officer," and headed "On a Postcard," in which the writer states " The...

TIIE POLISH VICTIMS RELIEF FUND.

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[To THE ELM], OF sex .• Azov...9 Sra,—I beg to enclose a copy of the collecting-cards which we are just issuing from these offices. We should be very much obliged if you could...

WAR LIBRARY FOR HOSPITALS.

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[To roe Xenon or me "Srecrerou"1 Sm,—The War library, which, with the approval of the War Office, undertook to provide literature for hospitals, wants more books. The demand...

A "SONS VIRGILLANA."

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[To T871 EDITOR or in "Sraor■ron."1 S16, — Virgil gives us a motto of happy augury for May 24th, the day on which Italy joined the Allies of the Triple Entente:— "Italians...

THE CENTRAL ASSOCIATION OF VOLUNTEER TRAINING CORPS.

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PRESIDENT LORD DESEOROUGH. Hon. Sams-ram- PERCY A. HARRIS, Esq. Haan OFFICES: Judges' Quadrangle, Royal Courts of Jwitice (Carey Street entrance). The aims and objects of this...

ANIMAL LIFE IN THE FIRING LINE. [To MB EIRSOS Or

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TH2 " Srn,—The following may be of interest, dated as it is from "Somewhere near Hill 60" :— "Talking about cats, we have noticed a very peculiar thing about them. As we pass...

NOTICE.—When "Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Commanicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be its agreement wills the views therein expressed or with the mode...

THE " SPECTATOR " HOME GUARDS FUND.

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Strnsennmons for this Fund should be sent to the Speciator Office, or direct to Messrs. Barclay and Co, Goslings' Branch, 19 Fleet Street, London, E.C. Cheques should be made...

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BOOKS.

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A NATION GONE MAD.* IT is related of Bishop Butler (of the Analogy) that he once walked about his garden discussing whether it were possible for a whole nation to go mad. If he...

POETRY.

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A. B. V. I now my head, 0 brother, brother, brother, But may not grudge you that were All to me. Should any one lament when this our mother Mourns for so many sons on land and...

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MISS JANE HARRISON'S ESSAYS.*

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IT is not an easy task to render justice within the limits of a newspaper review to a volume so varied and controversial in character as this collection of essays by Miss Jane...

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I SERVE.*

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I Serve is a book of instruction upon new lines. It Las "been written with the object of leading boys and girls to take an interest in social conditions and problems." This is...

SCHOOLS AND SCHOOL-BOOKS.—I.°

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IF the new century is not itself producing much great literature as yet, it is studying what the old centuries have left it with a zeal that befits its youth. The history of...

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OUR NATIONAL FINANCES.*

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SOME experts say that our whole system of national finance, like so many other well-established institutions, is now in the melting-pot of war—that it will have to be...

BRITISH BIRDS.* Tins splendid work, which is promised us completed

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in four volumes by the autumn of 1916, is a fine addition to the literature of British ornithology. Every one knows and • British Birds. Written and Illustrated by A. Thorburn,...

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THE MAGAZINES.

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Mn, ARTINDEL nzr, Rk, who writes in the June Nineteenth Century on "Why Italy Went to War," bases his defence of Italy on the speech of Signor &Aland= of May 20th and the...

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FICTION.

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MINNIE'S BISHOP.* "GEORGE Brararnousx's" new book Illustrates the difficulty of choosing a title for a volume of short stories of a highly miscellaneous character. In the...

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In a Desert Land. By Valentina Ilawtroy. (Constable and Co.

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6a.)—A novelist has actually dared to write a story covering six hundred years and generations innumerable, woven on the slender connecting-thread of the religions aspiration of...

READABLE NOVEL8.—The Song of Surrender. By Henry Bruce. (John Long.

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6s.)—Mr. Bruce's novel concerning the Eurasian question in India is complex and evidently sincere, but it is not charming—Stilts. By Adam Squire. (Duck- worth and Co. 6s.)—A...

Dr. A. Lawrence Lowell, the President of Harvard Uni- versity,

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has published an abridgment of a work upon the "Government and Parties in Continental Europe" which he wrote some twenty years ago. The new book is called The Governments of...

Poland and the Polish. Question is the title of a

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volume by Mr. Ninian Hill (George Allen and Unwin, 10s. 6d. net). He gives a sketch of Polish history, a brief account of Poland as it was before the war, and a chapter of...

Mr. George W. E. Russell has collected in The Spirit

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of England (Smith, Elder, and Co., 5s. net) a number of articles contributed by him to the Daily News since the outbreak of the war. A few instances of the titles of some of the...

Mr. Glover Alexander some years ago contributed to the "Cambridge

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Manuals of Science and Literature" a volume upon criminal administration. The Administration of Justice in Criminal Matters (Cambridge University Press, 6s. net) is a large...

The British Museum library contains a valuable collection of some

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eight thousand catalogues of English book auctions. A very large proportion of them are auctioneers' copies, carrying on interleaves the prices and purchasers' names for every...

Mrs. Green Again. By Evelyne E. Rynd. (John Murray. 2s.

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6d. net.)—" Suppose there come the land trump " said Mrs. Green musingly, 'you'd think it was a h'arerplane an' go down inter the cellar in case there was a Gerraing in it. The...

Sir John Sandys, whose three-volume History of Meseta! Scholarship is

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the standard work upon the subject, has now written A Short History of Classical Scholarship (Cambridge University Press, 7s. 6d. net). The new book is upon a greatly reduced...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WhEK.

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[tidies in this column does sot uccessarsly preclude suhequant mine.] Captain C. H. Stigand has written a short study upon the dialectic differences of Swahili, and published it...

Three General Elections during the last twenty years in Holland

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have turned mainly upon the Free Trade question; and on each of these occasions those who sought to impose a "scientific tariff" have been defeated. The history of the...

The name of Signor D'Annunzio has been prominently before us

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lately on account of his share in stirring up Italian feeling in favour of participating in the war. It is therefore appropriate that a new and cheaper edition should be issued...

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NEW EDITION.-Eambles in Arcadia. By Arthur Grant (Constable and Co.

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Is. 6d. net.)-A little book of magazine articles, chiefly describing holiday travels in England, Scot- land, and Spain. The author is fond of literary quotations and allusions,...