26 JULY 1935

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OFFIcE8 . : 99 Gower St., London, W.C. 1. Tel. : MUSEUm

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1721. Entered as second-class Mail Matter at the New York, N.Y. Post Office, Dec. 23rd, 1890. Postal subscription 308. per annum, to any part of the world. Postage on this issue...

Italy and the World If the Council of the League

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behaves weakly, it will , achieve nothing. If the representative of Great Britain . is not insistent, nobody will be insistent. If, on the other hand, the League behaves with...

NEWS OF THE WEEK

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T HE centres' of news in regard to the Italian-Abys- sinian dispute have shifted in the last few days between Addis Ababa, Rome, Tokyo, Paris and London. The Emperor 'of...

France, torn between her desire to maintain her understanding with

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Italy and her interest in the system of treaties based upon the League, has been wavering, but, all else failing, now inclines towards acceptance of the formally correct...

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Mr. Baldwin on the Peace Ballot A deputation led by

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Lord Cecil waited upon the Prime Minister last Tuesday to present to him the results of the Peace Ballot. The speakers took the opportunity of explaining to Mr. Baldwin that the...

Distress on Merseyside The University of Liverpool's Division of Statistics

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has published an interesting continuation of some of the records issued a year ago in connexion with the Merseyside Survey. These include a comparison . in some detail of the...

Mr. Runciman's review of the year in his speech on

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the Board of Trade Vote contained one point of curious interest which had not been brought out before. Twelve months ago, speaking of the home market's expansion, he expressed...

Air Manoeuvres Over London During the week the nights have

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been loud with aeroplanes all round London, while large forces of bombers and fighters have been engaged in manoeuvre war, attacking and defending the Metropolis. Attempts have...

The " Cuts " in France M. Laval's policy of

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drastic cuts in the salaries of French State employees and the pensions of ex-servicemen led to a riot in Paris organized by bodies representing those affected. But it was...

A Methodist Prayer Book The Methodist Conference has taken an

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interesting step in sanctioning the issue of a prayer book for optional and experimental use in Methodist churches. The book has been written and compiled by Methodists, and...

Naval Ratios Sir B. Eyres-Monsell, the First Lord of the

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Admiralty, made a statement in the House of Commons on Monday which has been welcomed in some quarters and misunder- stood in others. Having pointed out that all naval agree-...

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The Claims of Osteopathy The House of Lords' Select Committee

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has turned down the Osteopaths Bill on grounds which must be accepted as valid for the moment; however much we may desire that the Bill should become law in no remote future....

The Work of Shop-girls . It is not often that

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big employers of labour are to be found dwelling upon the -" trials and tribulations " of employees in • their industry, as Lord Trent did the other day ; but Lord Trent, who in...

Town and Country Planning At the closing assembly of the

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International housing and Town Planning Congress a voice was raised—that of Mr. E. P. Everest, vice-chairman of the Rural District Councils Association—on behalf of a clearer...

The Week in Parliament Our Parliamentary Correspondent writes : Mr.

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Lloyd George's attempt on Monday to substantiate his grave charge that the Government had refused to co-operate with Germany in a proposal for the abolition of sub- marines was...

It was a pity that Mr. Lloyd George did not

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use the opportunity of the debate on the Special Areas to develop his New Deal. But his motive for silence was wholly creditable. He felt that a speech from him would have to be...

The debate that followed produced the worst 'seven hours that

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this . Government has yet experienced. The fire came from 'all sides. Sir Robert Aske from the Government Benches made the pertinent point that if there was nothing to be...

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PLANNING OR NO PLANNING

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W 'THIN a fortnight the nation has had placed before it a plethora of material on the problem of national recovery and national development. First came Mr. Lloyd George's...

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THE HIGHWAY CODE

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T HIS Code is put into your hands in the sincere hope that the study and observance of its provisions will make the roads safer and more con- venient for you and all others who...

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It would be interesting to know what is at the

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back of Signor Mussolini's mind in sanctioning these wild outbursts in the Italian Press, first against Britain, then against the Japanese, and then again against the British ?...

Mr. BaldWin has always enjoyed the freedom of the city

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of Aix-les-bains in a manner that - is peculiarly con- genial to him ; bnt I have no doubt he will appreciate . the friendly suggestion that it should be conferred on him in a...

Sir John Simon, unable to indUlge a taste for Latin

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quotations in the House of Commons, enjoyed himself at the Horatian Society last Friday ; but The Times had its revenge upon him for quoting so hackneyed a line as Odi profanum...

It was very like Mr. Herbert Morrison to talk heresy

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at the Architectural Association's School of Architecture and speak as if he were the most orthodox person in London when he made up his mind to destroy Waterloo , Bridge. There...

Dr. Joseph Hunter, who died suddenly on Wednesday morning, was

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one of the best known and most popular Members of the House of Commons, although he never once spoke in the Chamber the whole of the six years that he sat in Parliament. He was...

A SPECTATOR'S NOTEBOOK I N the criticisms which have once again

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been directed —on Monday, in the Lords—against the appoint- ment of a Minister for League of Nations Affairs, it is not Mr. Eden personally who has been attacked, but his...

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THE WORKERS UNDER FASCISM

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By JOHN BROWN A S I talked to officials of some of the ministries in Rome, corporativism seemed a reality. But to the workers whose lodgings I was sharing in the Piazza Cavour...

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IS CRICKET DECLINING ?

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By NEVILLE CARDUS C RICKET never was as good as it used to be. A few years ago I went to Lord's to watch the match between the Gentlemen and the Players. Jardine, Duleepsinhji,...

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TARIFFS AND TAMMANY

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By D. W. BROGAN I N all the debates about beet-sugar, one' simple truth has emerged. The receipt of large sums of money, taken: directly from the 'Treasury, is, in itself, a...

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THE NEW MOUNTAINEERING

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By C. V. MEADE P ROBABLY the world in general has no idea of what the latest fashion in mountaineering is like, nor any conception of the desperate struggles that now take...

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£1,000 A YEAR COMMUNISM

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By THOMAS BURNS T HAT wise compere of the modern scene, Mr. H. G. Wells, returning from the U.S.A., has given us in his new book an explanation of two American political...

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VESAK MOON

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By J. VIJAYA-TUNGA H OW different the Moon is in the tropical sky. She is native there. In cold skies she moves like a slave in a Roman triumph, tied to some ever-moving...

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MARGINAL COMMENTS

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By ROSE MACAULAY I T is an old saying that those who go among Spaniards must go warily, but we in England never seem to have taken the caution greatly to heart. On the...

A. Hundred Years Ago

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" THE SPECTATOR," • JULY 25th, 1835. WE are glad that Lord Brougham is so well pleased to be released from office : as he is satisfied, no one is mortified or sorry. In...

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The Cinema

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"Private Worlds." At the Plaza.--"Living on Velvet." A . the Regal. "Rome Express." At the Royal Court • Ma. FORD MADOX Form once coined the word "liuvels" to describe the...

STAGE AND SCREEN

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The Theatre "Close Quarters." By W. 0. Somin. Adapted by Gilbert Lennox. At the Haymarket THIS play has only two characters. These two are Gustav and Liesa Bergmann, a cheerful...

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Eisenbahn-JubilHum

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[Von einem Deutschen Korrespondcnten] I Deutschland ist die Eisenbahn hundert Jahre alt geworden und dieses Eisenbahn-Jubiliiiim gibt tins eine gute Gelegenheit, tins an die "...

Art

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Titian in Venice This is an important year for big exhibitions of paintings by Old Masters on the Continent. The Italian exhibition in Paris is balanced by a big display of the...

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The Surprise View

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Of all the appeals made to the National Trust and by the National Trust none concerns a more vital scenic beauty than the Langshaw Estate and the so-called Surprise View. The...

Climbing Roses

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The flowers of London are hardly less worth attention than the birds. Gerard the herbalist grew nine sorts of roses . in his garden at 'Holborn in 1596 and Parkinson twenty-four...

Wanted—A Cage

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The island of Skokholm, off the mouth of Milford Haven, has been made famous the world over by Mr. Lockley. He has done for it very much what Gatke did for Heligoland. Since...

A Spring Idyll

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One reason why new birds are recorded is that the number and zeal of watchers increase. A paragraph contributed by one of them is too good not to repeat, though it concerns one...

The Wtstering Owl

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" Nature red in tooth and claw " is a fact we cannot blink ; but nature is apt to be a good deal redder under unwise inter- ference. The instance in my mind is the latest record...

COUNTRY LIFE

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London Birds London continues to justify itself as one of the best of bird sanctuaries. Last year, as most other years, brought new records. Who would have thought of seeing a...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

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[Correspondents are requested to keep their letters as brief as is reasonably possible. The most suitable length is that of one of our " News of the Week " paragraphs. Signed...

THE SANCTITY OF TREATIES

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[To the Editor of Tim SPECTATOR.] SiR,—No single issue of the many to be faced in the Italian Abyssinian dispute more vitally affects the whole problem of international...

THE VOICE OF ITALY

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Your correspondent who says that he saw " W La Guerra " marked on the walls in Italy, and founds on it an accusation that the Italians...

MATERNAL MORTALITY AND A REMEDY

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[To the Editor of TIIE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The undeniable connexions between unskilled abortions, septic conditions and the maternal death and damage rates. have been mentioned in...

PORTUGAL AND. HER COLONIES

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[To the Editor of TILE SPECTATOR.] Sza,—In your number of the 12th instant you express the belief that the desire of Portugal to sell her colonies is again taking shape. I...

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B.B.C. NEWS

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SLR, —With reference to Mr. Fleet's admirably lucid exposition of the causes of opposition to the method of the B.B.C. news bulletins, I would...

THE . ROLE OF ANINTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] S1R,—As the first of the three chief reasons why ,Basie English is important, Mr., W. Empson mentions its usefulness as an auxiliary...

EDUCATION FOR LIFE [To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.]

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have recently read a - small book, by the Headmaster- of Worfield School, which is situated in Shropshire, just over. the border of Staffordshire. The system adopted - there is...

TENNIS BALLS [To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,—In many homes all over the country them must be tennis balls which are not quite good enough for play on the courts. May. I -suggest to, your readers that they should send,...

UNIONS AND UNEMPLOYED MEN

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[To-the. Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] S1R,—Are the Trades 'Union§ really sympathetic to the men in the 'derelict areaS'? rasked this question Of one of the leaders hist week 'at...

AIR-BOMBING IN THE NAPOLEONIC WAR [To the Editor of THE

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SPECTATOR.] Sin,—It would be interesting to know when the idea of bombing from the air first occurred. In The Letters of Napoleon to Marie-Louise, on pages 101 and 102, dealing...

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THE BATTLE OF, THE BOYNE

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[To the Editor of Tien SPECTATOR.] - , Sipp — My authorities in this letter arc the Life of Louis XIV ' 13Y . HaSsaI and alSo Lord Macaulay. The amount of ignorance in the Free...

CRUEL TRAPPING AND FURS [To the Editor of 'THE SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,—The British Field Sports Society wish to have it made- illegal to set steel-toothed traps (or gins) in the open. Although this i'vefuld . prevent grazing cattle from...

OVER: 'MY , . SHOULDER '!- [To the Editor of tRE SPECTATOR.]

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Sta,—The title of my travel book Over My Shoulder (reviewed in yeair•last issue) is borrowed, from R. L. Stevenson's wordS ' : " We' who have only looked at a country over our...

t` WILLIAM OF THE PEARS "

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• -- [To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,:—Mr. E. L. Woodward, in his delightful article in your last issue, is unfortunately helping to perpetuate an error. . He speaks of "...

The Silent Sunday

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FROM the bandstand in the garden on the hill . • Where workless seamen moped on benches And shrieking children worked the swings The ruins of the dockyard can be seen. Half-way...

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The German Republic

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By R. H. S. GROSSMAN WITII this volume, Arthur Rosenberg (not to be confused with the notorious Alfred !) has completed the story which he began in The Birth of the German...

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The Magistrate as Friend

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THE ideal which Mr. Claud Mullins has set himself as a Metro- politan Police Magistrate is aptly summarized in his own Introduction : " A Justice in a busy court once said to...

A Programme of Action

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The Next Five Years : An Essay in Political Agreement. (Macmillan. Ss.) Ix February and July 1934 respectively, manifestos bearing the signatures of 150 well-known...

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The Revolt Against Mind

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Farewell to Argument. By J. S. Collie. (Casson. 7s. 6d.) IT would not, perhaps, be right to say that there is a limit beyond which argument must not be taken, but there is a...

Fascism in India

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The Indian Peasant and His Environment. By N. Gangulee. (Oxford University Press. 108. 6d.) Tnis consists of a selection of letters written between 1911 and 1983, with extracts...

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The Artist in Life

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Thomas Gray; By R. W. Ketton-Cremer. (Duckworth. 2s.) Ouns may not be the most artistically fertile of periods. But one form we have, to all intents and purposes, invented, the...

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Th e Hydra's Task

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Church and State in 'Tudor Times : A History of Penal Laws against Irish Catholics, - 1534-1603. By Robert Dudley Edwards. {Longman. 18s. ) • LAST week's religious riots in...

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The Domestic Background

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Joseph Conrad and his Circle. By Jessie Conrad. (Jarrolds. 185.) THE domestic background is of interest : to know how a writer with the peculiar sensitivity 'we call genius...

White Trash

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White, Brown and Black. By Marcelle Prat. .(Methuen. 7s. Eld.) VERY occasionally it is worth while noticing a bad book at Some length, if only to give hitherto reputable...

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Fiction

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Surprising Results. By Ronald Fraser. (Cape. 7s. 6d.) The Unknown Eros. By Doris Langley Moore. (Seeker.; 7s. 6d.) Helen Between Cupids. By Hugh Edwards. (Cape. 7s. 6d.)...

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Finance

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The Nation's Savings RIGHTLY or wrongly ; for good or for ill, the Government has turned down most of the proposals contained in Mr. Lloyd George's seheme—" The New Deal." I do...

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A USEFUL UNDERTAKING.

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At last Monday's meeting of the United Dominions Trust, the Chairman and Managing Director, Mr. J. Gibson Jarvie, was able to show how greatly this undertaking had progressed...

Financial Notes

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AUSTRALIAN ESTATES. THOSE who would obtain some idea of the extent to which pastoral conditions in Australia can be affected by droughts, or of how the profits of pastoral...

PROSPEROUS Swum AFRICA.

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How greatly the rise in the sterling price of gold has bene- toed general conditions in South Africa was very clearly shown by Mr. Stanley Christopherson in his address last...