3 FEBRUARY 1923

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NEWS OF THE WEEK. _

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I NDUBITABLY the two most important events of the :week have been the acceptance of the American terms for funding the British Debt and the continued and increased difficulties...

In the meantime Lord Balfour, speaking as British delegate to

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the League of Nations, appealed to the Council on the question of Mosul. In the draft Treaty "the Turko-Iraq frontier is left to the decision of the Council of the League of...

A Times correspondent asserts that negotiations have been going on

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between the German and Russian Govern- ments as to a military combination to offer armed resistance to the French. The Russian military repre- sentative at Berlin, an ex-Tsarist...

M. Joffe, the Soviet envoy to China, has arrived in

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Tokyo on an informal and unofficial but none the less vital and significant visit to the Japanese Govern- ment. According to the Times 'correspondent at Tokyo, a Japanese paper...

A third event, almost equally important, was the presentation on

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Wednesday of the draft Treaty to Turkey. Early in the week the situation at Lausanne seemed to be desperate. The NationaL Assembly of Angora passed a most bellicose resolution...

TO READERS AND SUBSCRIBERS.

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The " Spectator " will be sent post free from its offices, 13 York Street, Covent Garden, London, W.C. 2, to any address in the United Kingdom or abroad for 30s. per annum,...

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On Tuesday, Sir Eric Geddes led a deputation from the

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Federation of British Industries to Mr. Baldwin at the Treasury. The deputation pleaded for lower taxa- tion and in particular for the abolition of the Corporation Tax and a...

It was worthy of note that the Federation of British

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Industries urged that the Co-operative Societies should pay Income-tax. Sir Eric Geddes said that there was a large increase in this form of trading, which now amounted to...

Among those who signed the petition of the Denison House

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Committee to the Prime Minister, which is, in effect, Mr. Drage's Committee, are a number of men distinguished in local government and the study of our administration, as, for...

The news from Ireland grows worse. Throughout the country the

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wrecking of trains and the burning of houses has gone on in increasing volume. The madness to which the destruction of property is carried is beyond all belief. For example, as...

Mr. Ramsay MacDonald, speaking at Birmingham on Saturday at the

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first Trade Union Conference in the Independent Labour Party's campaign to popularize a bold Socialist policy, made the following very significant admissions :— " Their...

We publish elsewhere a most important article by Mr. Geoffrey

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Drage showing how - tremendous is the sum spent year by year in this country on Public Assistance, and, what is worse, how vastly wasteful is our system. There are nearly a...

The Indian Assembly has demanded an extension of the Montagu-Chelmsford

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reforms.. This is not astonish- ing, but it is very significant. The impulse towards self-government may, in the first place, have been sup- plied by the Indians themselves, but...

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We record elsewhere the subscriptions that are begin- ning to

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crown the efforts of the English-Speaking Union in regard to the Page Memorial. It must not be forgotten that the first proposal for a Page Memorial was made in an article by...

We publish under the heading "Roads and their Users" the

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first of a series of articles by Lord Montagu of Beaulieu, the well-known expert on our roads, our motor-cars, and the whole problem of transportation, whether by earth, sea, or...

A great development of transatlantic traffic is an- nounced for

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the summer, when the American companies which run the .State-owned American liners will begin a new first-class weekly service between New York and Southampton. Enormous new...

On Thursday, January 25th, a deputation urged the Home Secretary

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to introduce legislation to make it possible for parents to legitimatize, by . subsequent marriage, a child born out of wedlock. We are sorry to see that Mr. Bridgeman returned...

In ;1847 . the Lord Chief Justice decided that the over-

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seers had been entirely wrong in letting personalty escape and that in future , they must levy rates upon it. This sudden decision caused something like consternation, and Sir...

An interesting article in the Daily News states that the

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Consultative Committee of the Board of Education are examining the work of the National Institute of Industrial Psychology, which is seeking to apply intelligence and .aptitude...

The eternal problem of Agricultural Rates was on Tuesday discussed

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at an important meeting of the Council of the Central and Associated Chambers of Agriculture, presided over by Lord Strachie. The report of the Local Taxation Committee...

The taxation of motor vehicles was on Tuesday the subject

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of very important evidence given before the Departmental Committee on the Taxation and Regulation of Road Vehicles. As in the evidence by Sir Arthur Stanley, there were very...

Bank Rate, 8 per cent., changed from 81 per cent.

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July 18, 1922; 5 per cent. War Loan was on Thursday, 100i; Thursday week, 101i; a year ago, 934,

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The year 1922 witnessed an extraordinary increase in the number

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of tourists motoring from the United States to Canada as a result of the improved roads. In British Columbia last summer, the Customs officials estimate, 70,000 motors entered...

Only those who have travelled in roadless countries know what

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macadamized highways mean to a nation. Roads are to a country what the arteries are to a human body, and this fact was only fully realized in the New World with the coming of...

With reference to my suggestion on this page in the

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Spectator two weeks since that our provincial hotels should bring their accommodation up to date if they desire a largely-increased American tourist traffic, the manager of the...

Great Britain has been, in the opinion of the writer,

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extremely well advised to accept the proposed American terms. The British acceptance will have a profound effect in the United States, and the hands of those Americans who...

On Sunday, at St. Kitts and throughout the British West

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Indies, there were celebrations of the three- hundredth anniversary of the first English settlement in the Caribbean Sea. In 1623 Sir Thomas Warner established a small colony on...

In a few weekly paragraphs it is difficult to do

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anything like justice to every section of the English- speaking world, and, so far, Newfoundland, the oldest colony of the British Empire, has not received its fair share. A...

The resignation of Mr. George Murray, the Premier of Nova

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Scotia, is of more than local interest, for he had held the office without a break since 1896. Mr. Murray won six General Elections, and his Premiership of nearly twenty-seven...

The entire English-speaking world is evidently not of the same

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way of thinking on the subject of Sunday games. According to the Melbourne correspondent of the Times, the State Government of Victoria has vetoed the decision of the Melbourne...

THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING WORLD.

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By EVELYN WRENCH. S INCE the return of Mr. Baldwin from New York on Saturday, the question of the repayment of our debt to America has been discussed from every angle. The...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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COURAGE AND HONOUR, WISDOM AND FORETHOUGHT. C OURAGE and Honour, Wisdom and Forethought. These are the qualities that best become statesmen in the handling of public affairs....

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THE MARSH LIGHTS OF THE RUHR. F RANCE is advancing further

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into the bog, as we feared she would. It is the old story of men who venture upon unknown and treacherous ground in the dark. They see what looks like a light ahead, and even...

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PUBLIC ASSISTANCE AND ITS COST. [Commurac.arEn.] G REAT BRITAIN'S financial straits

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have compelled attention to the immense increase of expen- diture on direct public assistance in recent years. Direct public assistance comprises all beneficiary assist- ance...

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THE REVISION OF THE PRAYER BOOK.

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A.. REVISION of the Book of Common Prayer is long overdue, but the proceedings in the National Assembly this week suggest that we are still some way from a practical result. The...

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I HAVE just returned from Rome, where events have been moving

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rapidly during the past three weeks. and I am struck by the failure of public opinion in Great Britain to grasp the salient features of the political situation in Italy. Two...

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THE HILL-FOX.

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M AKING his kennel at a high elevation, and having for his habitat the bare, open mountains, the hill- fox differs to some extent from the Midland fox in his feeding habits. The...

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MR. PAGE AND WESTMINSTER ABBEY.

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A S we said last week, the letter signed by the Prime Minister and the ex-Prime Ministers and Lord Grey of Fallodon make it certain that we shall have a Page Memorial to testify...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR • FRANCE AND THE RUHR.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—The writer of an article in your issue of January 27th upon the Ruhr situation, referring to a rumour that France intends to remain in...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sia,—I notice from your last issue that you are greatly troubled, over the threatened advance of the ]French into the Ruhr. Your criticism, no doubt, voices public opinion in...

"BEHIND THE SHUT DOOR."

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sne,—Reading your comments in this week's issue I am de- sirous of bringing to your notice my own experience. In November, 1888, I got...

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THE PAGE MEMORIAL.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I should like to express my profound gratitude to you for having set on foot the idea of perpetuating the memory of Walter Page in the...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] • SIR,—May I suggest

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the addition of one little word to your admirable suggestion for an inscription to the tablet in Westminster Abbey to Mr. Page—viz., "A friend of his own country always—of ours...

TAX, BUT HEAR ME [To the Editor of the Spat-Lux:or.]

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SIR,—Every taxpayer in the country will have read your excellent article in Saturday's Spectator with extreme interest and approval, and everyone would surely support the...

[To the Editor of the SracrAron.] have just read your

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most admirable article, "Mr. Page and Westminster Abbey," in the Spectator for January 6th. It appealed so immensely to my imagination that I felt compelled to read it twice...

MR. McIMNNA'S SPEECH.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sra,—The speeches of the chairmen of our great banks at their annual meetings are so weighty and valuable in their wide survey of trade...

both you and your readers in its present position. Com-

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menced in 1687, and finished about ten years later, the houses of the Square have ever since been closely associated with the historic, literary and artistic life of the times....

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CAPITAL PUNISHMENT. [To the Editor of the Srzerieron.] Sri,—The article

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in the Spectator of January 13th on the problem of Capital Punishment moves me, as an ex-Colonial Judge, to offer some observations on the subject. No one who has not had to...

THE TRADE VALUE OF GOOD DESIGN.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin—We have read with interest Mr. Martin Hardie's letter, together with your remarks. We are proud of the quality of our chocolates,...

A NEW YORK CLUB FOR APPRENTICES IN THE ENGLISH MERCHANT

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SERVICE. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sra,—Rather more than a year ago two American ladies— Miss Kathleen Mayo and Miss Moyca Newell—were filled with a desire to show...

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So many communications have been received on the subject of

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Miss Sitwell's poem and our Literary Editor's commentary that we have been forced, in this instance, to forgo our usual custom of publishing correspondence at length. The...

A MEMORIAL TO DR. PERCIVAL.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sut,—May I ask the favour of a few lines in. your columns to inform your readers that a fund is being raised in the Hereford diocese for the...

OBSCURE POETRY.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Have you space for a quotation from Matthew Arnold's " Introduction " to the Poems of Wordsworth ? Five and twenty years ago this...

"HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE BUFFS." [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] Stu,—With reference to my letter dated January 4th, and the notice in your number dated January lath, will you be so good as to note a clerical error ? The advance...

"BELIEF IN CHRIST."

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I do not think your reviewer is fair to Dr. Gore. He says: "If the belief in question is an essential part of Chris- tianity, it is...

THE CIRCULATION OF TIlE "SPECTATOR." [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] can testify that your journal is highly appreciated in Northern Ireland, as I have been a subscriber for many years. I hand it on to two friends, and then post it to...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sia, — For long years now the Spectator has been sent to me front Ireland—always welcomed on arrival, always read with real interest and pleasure, and then passed on to others....

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POETRY.

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THE VOICE OF STONE. No slow-wrought doors In carven portico Shield this poor ruin with defending art ; Across chill floors The winds of heaven blow Clutching the thin veils of...

THE PHOENIX SOCIETY—" TIS PITTY SHEES A WHORE."

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THE Phoenix Society's production of John Ford's masterpiece, Tie Pilly Shees a Whore, at the beginning of this week, was one of their finest achievements. The quality of the...

CAT: 0 WISE, wise cat—too wise in fact, Who many

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times small birds have tracked, And, having tracked, have caught and ate, What means your slinking in at eight O'clock, 0 wise, wise cat, too wise ?- You know that there's milk...

THE THEATRE.

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" ADVERTISING APRIL; OR, THE GIRL WHO MADE THE SUNSHINE JEALOUS," BY HER- BERT FARJEON AND HORACE HORSNELL, AT THE CRITERION THEATRE. Advertising April is a very amusing play...

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BOOKS.

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THIS WEEK'S BOOKS. Tnz most interesting books appearing this week are, for the most part, of the more weighty kind. The eighth volume of the admirable Survey of London deals...

DEFINITIONS.*

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Tins is a very delightful book. I am obliged to say this, though it is quite opposed to all my predilections, all my safe and simple rules as to what makes a good book. It is...

(The usual "Recreations of London "will be found on page

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196.)

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THE PROBLEM OF POPULATION.* IT is not unusual, after reading

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an able book advocating some special reform, to feel for an hour or two that here we have the solution for almost eveDy social problem. After reading Mr. Harold Cox's book this...

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BRITISH MERCHANT SHIPPING.* IT has often been complained that the

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officers and crews of our merchant navy and the administrative staffs on land who are responsible for the management seldom come together, and know little about one another's...

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CULINARY HONOUR.*

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THE English are reproached in foreign countries with making, under the name of coffee, a most villainous and painful black broth. We will not take care to buy the berry newly...

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POETS AND POETRY.

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MR. MASEFIELD'S "SELECTED POEMS."t I Am tempted in considering Mr. Masefield's poems on this occasion to write of him in reference to the interesting and entertaining discussion...

CONCERTS AT THE FRONT.* DisTericE casts the glamour of romance

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over the wande ring singers of the Middle Ages, but if the truth were known ill would probably be found that their work was as arduous and as full of petty miseries as that of...

EARLY SOURCES OF SCOTTISH HISTORY.* LORD BALFOUR said the other

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day in a Gifford Lecture that it was well to know "how slender were the foundations on which most imposing philosophic structures were reared." Mr. Alan Anderson's very valuable...

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TEMPERAMENTAL HENRY. By Samuel Merwin. (Allen and Unwin. 7s. 6d.

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net.)—Mr. Merwin misleads us by his title and his publishers by their dust-cover. Actually his. new novel is a careful, urbane and ironic study of an_ erotic American youth,...

FICTION.

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THE BRIARY BUSH.* IT is difficult for a contemporary to come to any absolute conclusion about the - merits-of so extremely:topical a book as Mr. Floyd Dell's Briary Bush. The...

THE GODDESS THAT GREW UP. By Anthony M. Ludovici. (Hutchinson.

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7s. 6d. net.)—Mr. Ludovici is an agile m tern psychologist, but the loose archaism of his style is u. ost too enveloping a bushel for his talents. This navel is a clever study...

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AUBREY HOUSE, KERS GTON. Compiled by Florence M. Gladstone. (Humphreys.

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12s.) An unpretentious history of Aubrey House once Notting Hill House), one of the oldest residences in ieuington, and of the people who have lived in it. The reCOrd rather...

SILKSTONE. By the Rev. Joseph F. Prince. (Penistone J. H.

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Wood. 12s. (3d. net.) The Vicar of Silkstone has made an excellent contribution to the literature of what may be called the regional survey. His account of "the History and...

DOCTOR JOHNSON AT CAMBRIDGE. By S. C. Roberts. (Putnam's. 2s.

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6d.) This is an unpretentious little book, containing eight essays. They are a pleasant pastiche of Boswell, and describe the adventures of Dr. Johnson in modem Cambridge,...

THE SWARTHMOOR TRAGEDY. By E. P. Frankland. (Stockwell. 6s.)—A good

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deal of interest may be found in an altogether improbable story when it is as efficiently put together as this one. The Yorkshire dales and the old house nine miles from a...

REBUILDING THE WALLS. By the Bishop of London. (Wells Gardner.

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8s. (3d.) REBUILDING THE WALLS. By the Bishop of London. (Wells Gardner. 8s. (3d.) The distinctive note of these sermons is their simplicity. The secret of the Bishop of...

THE NINTH VIBRATION. By L. Adams Beck. (New York: McClelland

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and Stewart.)—This volume contains a series of "Jong" short stories—all of a highly mystical character—dealing with the Far Rast, a term which must be taken to include China....

THE REALLY ROMANTIC AGE. By L. Allen Harker. (Murray. 7s.

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6d. net.)—When a spinster lady of forty adopts an infant at the request of his dying mother there is sure to be trouble. Parents will smile at the heroine's experiences with...

PIED PIPER'S STREET. (Bristol : J. W. Arrowsmith, Ltd. 5s.

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net.) It is rather a pity that Miss Friedlaender's essays should be cast hi so definite and formal a mould. They nearly all begin with an aphoristic saying. They build up,...

THE REVOLVING FATES. By Essex Smith. (Hutchin- son. 7s. 6d.)—This

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novel has a plot based on the recurrence in successive generations of extraordinary ties between brother and sister in _a family called Lee. This peculiarity is traced back to a...

THE CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE OF PEACE. Edited by the late James

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Hastings, D.D. (T. and T. Clark. 8s. net.) The late Dr. James Hastings did more to promote religious studies in the English-speaking Churches than any one man of his generation....

ENVIRONMENT. By Phyllis E. Bentley. (Sidgwick and Jackson. 7s. 6d.

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net.)—This book is intended to repre- sent the effects of environment on a given character. The author, however, does not - entirely succeed in making her point. Her - book is a...

BREATH OF LIFE. By Arthur Tuckerman. (Putnam's. 7s. 6d.)—Distinctly breezy,

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whether among the rich set of New York, before the mast in a cargo4Krat, or in the thick of a revolution in the Caribbean. Its naive directness is rather hireable.

OLD MASTER DRAWINGS. By Henry Scipio Reitlingers. (Constable and Co.

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86s. net.) OLD MASTER DRAWINGS. By Henry Scipio Reitlingers. (Constable and Co. 86s. net.) Mr. Reitlingers's book will be disappointing if it is glanced at casually, and...

MADAME VALCOUR'S LODGER. By Florence Olmstead. (Hurst and - Blackett. 7s.

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6d.)—A young man finds a formula for synthetic rubber. He becomes engaged to a rather vulgar girl, though he is really in love with another of good birth and breeding. This...

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ASTBURY, WHIELDON, AND RALPH WOOD FIGURES AND TOBY JUCS. By

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Captain R. K. Price. With an Introduction by Frank Fallener. (John Lane. £5 5s.) The phrase "a valuable and sumptuous volume" that immediately comes to the mind in connexion...

SAMUEL PEPYS, ESQ., Administrator, Observer, Gossip.

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By E. Hallam Moorhouse. (Leonard Parsons. 6s. net.) The publisher is to be congratulated on his charming and cheap reprint of Miss Hallam Moorhouse's complete but concise...

THE ENGINEERING INDUSTRY AND THE CRISIS OF 1922. By A.

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Shadwell. (Murray. is. 6d. net.) Dr. Shadwell's pamphlet, like everything he writes, is clear, well informed and dispassionate. He explains the true lessons of the recent...

THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. By D.

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A. Winstanley. (Cambridge University Press. 17s. 6d.) In this volume Mr. Winstanley happily combines two enthusiasms, his enthusiasm for his own university and his enthusiasm...

Professor Chafee, of Harvard, in this important book discusses at

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length the legal and moral limits of free speech, which is an essential constituent of civil liberty. The despots of the past would not grant freedom of speech : the modem...

This beautiful and valuable book, which was published in 1920,

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has only recently come to us for review ; so long after publication we can do little more than urge its authoritative claim not only on specialists but on every amateur who is...

STORIES OF THE VICTORIAN WRITERS. By Mrs.

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Hugh Walker. (Cambridge University Press. 8s. 6d.) The aim of Mrs. Hugh Walker's short biographies is "to induce those readers who are not already familiar with the great...

WHEAT COSTINGS, 1914 AND 1919-1922. By Herbert Grange. (P. S.

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King. Is. 6d.) Mr. Grange, one of the farmers who keep accounts, has prepared an instructive statement, showing in detail the cost of growing wheat on a Hertfordshire farm in...

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ROADS AND THEIR USERS.

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1.-THE LIGHT CAR. By LORD MONTAGU OF BEAULIEU. T HE coming of the small and cheap car, sometimes called the "light car," has affected considerably the future of motoring....

THE NATIONAL.

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The Duke of Northumberland discusses the Honours Com• mission under the significant title of "Whitewash." " Cen- turion " deals faithfully with Mr. Lloyd George's recent...

THE FORTNIGHTLY.

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Professor Margoliouth, our greatest Arabic scholar, discusses with authority Some New Developments of the Caliphate Question," and shows how Mustapha Kemal has unwittingly...

THE LONDON MERCURY.

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Mr. Thomas Hardy contributes a characteristic poem "On the Portrait of a Woman about to be Hanged,' and Mr. Arthur Waley a version of a remarkable first-century Chinese poem,...

THE CONTEMPORARY REVIEW.

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Sir Alfred Hopkinson, "Why a Conservative Majority ? " and gives anadmirably sane and reasoned reply with which most people not being ardent followers of Mr. Lloyd George or Mr....

THE FEBRUARY MAGAZINES.

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THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. Lord Long writes on "The Conservative Party," in whose future he firmly believes. He makes an effective reply to Mr. Lloyd George's suggestion that, as...

BLACKWOOD.

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"Periscope " pays an enthusiastic tribute to "The Imperial Irish "—the loyalists in Southern Ireland who are being expelled or exterminated. The Free State, he predicts, will...

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FINANCE-PUBLIC & PRIVATE.

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By ARTHUR W. KIDDY. THE DEBT TO AMERICA. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—When all the untoward developments of the past few days are taken into consideration it can...

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FINANCIAL NOTES.

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Interest in the annual speeches of bank chairmen, to which I referred last week, has increased rather than lessened with the delivery since then of other views and opinions by...