30 JANUARY 1926

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The prevention of a railway strike at the last moment

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was a very good sign and we congratulate Mr. J. H. .Thomas and his colleagues upon the courage and perti- nacity with which they fought for peace. They can hardly expect at...

• Fortunately, second thoughts saved the delegates from their injudicious

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act. On Monday they met again and kr. W Dobbie (President of the N.U.R.), Mr. J. H. Thomas, Mr. C. T. Cramp, and others, succeeded in convincing them that the only alternative...

There are rumours that leading men who are directly interested

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in the mines are ready to follow Lord London- tlerry's lead?-to renounee the . mineowners' official' seheme of depressing the miners' conditions to what may be called the...

Mr. Thomas's warnings were obviously justified. If the all-grades programme

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of the N.U.R. had been accepted by the National Wages Board, the cost to the companies would have been about 140,000,000 a year. When the negotiation over this programme, began...

NEWS OF THE WEEK

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T HE Unionist Government and Party are at a critical stage in' their fortunes, and this is not the less true because within the last few months the Government, and the...

EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHING OFFICES : 13 -York Street, _Covent :Garden,

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Londori, W.C. 2.—A Subscription to the "Spectator" Casts Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the world. The Postage on this issue i8: Inland, ld.,...

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The Soviet discharged an ultimatum at him, but in the

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end refrained from sending troops and agreed to carry his soldiers free of charge if the railway officials were released. The crisis was thus resolved. But what an irony it all...

Through the agency of the Scottish National Housing Company, said

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Mr. Baldwin, 2,000 steel houses would be built as soon as possible. Such houses would at all events serve until the day when ordinary methods of, building could "catch up with...

On Wednesday the American Senate voted adherence to the World

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Court by 76 votes to 17. It would have been a great irony if America, the virtual creator of the Court, had acted otherwise. The bonds between Europe and America are being drawn...

At Stirling on Tuesday, Mr. Baldwin spoke, as was most

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appropriate, about the housing conditions in Scotland. He said that if he produced painful facts it was not because he wanted to attack Scotland, but because he wanted to...

The affair between the Soviet Government and Chang Tso-lin, the

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Manchurian War Lord, looks less dangerous than it did a few days ago, but it may still be found to have great significance. Chang recently imprisoned M. Ivanoff (the manager of...

Any further advance along the road of collective social service,

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Mr. Baldwin went on to say, must depend upon our economic position. Unless great economies were effected—" I cannot state this too definitely "—an increase of taxation would be...

The Prime Minister has made three remarkable speeches this week

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: the first in London on Monday, the second at Stirling on Tuesday, and the third at Sunderland on Wednesday. On Monday he said that British political and financial prestige...

The terms of the agreement for funding the Italian Debt

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were announced on Wednesday. Mr. Churchill has accepted annual payments of £4,500,000 over a period of sixty-two years, with only slightly reduced payments in the earlier years....

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It may be that it is just because of the

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tension at home that the Bolshevists want to divert public attention from their internal squabbles and concentrate it, in the true Bismarckian manner, on foreign affairs. A...

An Income Tax case which, with true English per- sistence,

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has been fought up to the House of Lords, has gone against the Inland Revenue authorities. The authorities maintained that they were justified in taxing the dividends from...

We recall the fine tolerance of Dean Stanley, who, on

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a certain occasion during the revision of the Bible, summoned the revisers to a joint Communion Service in Westminster Abbey. Several of them were Non- conformists. Attempts...

The new German Government—a minority Govern- ment—met the Reichstag for

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the first time on Tuesday. As it exists on sufferance, its programme was colourless. Herr Luther wants to offend neither the Nationalists nor the Socialists. The Dawes Scheme...

The Bishop of St. Albans has forbidden a service of

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Holy Communion at Watford this week at which members of a reunion conference, Churchmen and Nonconformists, were to have taken part. It may be that the Bishop prevented a...

We trust, that the German Government will not be too

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greatly influenced by the reactionaries who oppose their country's entry into the League of Nations, and that they will be guilty of no tactless boggling which will embarrass...

The correspondent defines the Pan-Russian policy by saying that it

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aims at securing the recognition of the Soviet by the Western Powers while pursuing a policy of penetration in the East. No doubt Zinovieff's ruthless pedantry has stood in the...

Bank Rate, 5 per cent, changed from 4 per cent.

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on December 3rd, 1925. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 1011; on Wednesday week 1001; a year ago 101 H. Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 88; on Wednesday week...

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TOPICS OF VIE DAY

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• IN THE BALANCE A LL Englishmen anxious for their country's good have, long ,been watching the industrial sky for signs of improvement. Over, and over. again hopeful signs, or...

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C. M. DOUGHTY

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T HE death of Mr. Doughty, the traveller, man of letters and poet, and, above all, the author of Arabia Deserta, reminds a nation, too apt to forget its great men—unless they...

ON HATING AMERICA

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VATIONAL antipathies are curious things. The affection of yesterday may in a few years turn to hate. The question how national prejudices are formed , and subsequently develop...

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BRITISH TRADE WITH AMERICA

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A LITTLE cement binds a lot of sand. Possibly) the experiences of an English company in distri•-; buting its speciality in the United States of America may afford some, solid...

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IRELAND'S ECONOMIC TROUBLES

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(FROM AN IRISH CORRESPONDENT.) T IlE economic situation in Ireland is doubly serious, for while prosperity is at a low ebb the political stability of the country is...

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A BUDDHIST IN BAYSWATER

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T AST month I heard a tall priest, dressed in the 4 saffron robes of an Oriental ascetic, attempt to convert an American audience to Buddism. A few days ago I saw him again in...

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SPECIMEN DAYS

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[The title which we have borrowed from Walt Whitman to stand at the head of these articles well enough expresses their purpose. They are simple accounts of the daily life of...

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PARIS: AN UNRECORDED REVOLUTION • IN MANNERS

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BY NORMAN ANGELL. i T was fifteen years since I had lived in Paris or seen - 1 -, anything more of it than one Sees in a taxi drive from the Gare du Nord to the Gare de Lyon....

SOLD OUT.

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Many persons have reported during the past few weeks that they have been unable to buy a copy of the SPECTATOR at the bookstalls or newsagents owing to the stock being sold out....

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SAVING THE GARDEN OF ENGLAND

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A T the very core of the Garden of England a battle of permanent historical importance is being engaged on behalf both of the beauty of the country and the health conditions of...

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MOTORING NOTES

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THE CARE . OF THE CAR THE modern motor car is built of Such high grade material, and the workmanship is so good, that - . it is veryieldoni the Oar stops through a mechanical...

THE THEATRE

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THE GATE THEATRE "FROM MORN TILL MIDNIGHT" AT this tiny sttidici-theatre in Floral' Street, which, on a wintry night you may consider aptly named or not, you will, if you are...

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CORRESPONDENCE

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A LETTER FROM VIENNA [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—Austria is indirectly rather than directly affected by the Treaty of Locarno, and owing to the strong divergences...

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[To the Editor of the SPEcrA•roit.]

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Sra,—In your last issue you admit your inability as a non-‘ technical paper to teach us how to make carbonization a success. High temperature carbonization is, however, already...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

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MR. BALDWIN'S ELECTRIC SCHEME [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] 8'14—There are two points in the leading article appearing in your last weeks issue which are, I think,...

BRITISH TRADE WITH AMERICA [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sra,—As an English salesman who travels the United States east of the Rockies every year from this country, I should like to be permitted to confirm the letter quoted in your...

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THE TELEPHONE CABLES [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—My

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attention has been drawn to a letter signed by Mr. H. Percy Mortimer in your last issue in reference to Post Office Telephone Cables supplied by my company. The Pirelli General...

ABRAHAM LINCOLN'S WISDOM AND RETICENCE [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Mr. A. G. Gardiner in his Life of Sir William Harcourt makes a serious historical blunder. In Chapter VII of his first volume, referring to the beginning of...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,—Mr. H. Percy Mortimer surmises that " Pirelli " is an Italian firm. Pirelli General Cable Works, Ltd., is a British company, dating from before the War. The company ,has an...

THE COAL COMMISSION [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—Permit me to comment briefly upon some of the remarks in the article on the Coal Commission in your issue of January 23rd. You say that "the representatives of the masters...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Spa,—Assuming that the chief object of such a tax is to (* . courage betting (as I hope it is); why should we not begin by prohibiting the publication of the " odds " in...

• [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—The suggestion made

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in the article "A Tax on Betting New' Suggestion" is certainly ingenious, but I confess to Considerable doubt whether any Government could impose a new tax on any such partial...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] '

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SIR,—I am sorry that a paper of the standing of the Spectator should lend its support to the 'discredited proposal to tax betting. Herbert Spencer described gambling as "an...

A TAX ON BETTING

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—As Canon Green includes me in - his betting invectiVe, will you allow me to 'try to define my terms ? My ethics are simply these : that...

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A RACIAL DANGER

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[To the Editor of the Srscrxroa.] 5114—Will you permit me to point out two grave objections to Mr. Cox's. proposed' method of dealing with the mentally Unfit. The first is that...

CAPITAL AND LABOUR

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Your correspondent, Mr. Heyburn, has pointed out that suspicion of the capitalist employer and of piece-work lies at the root of...

MRS. BERTRAND RUSSELL - ANSWERS MR. GABRIEL WELLS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] &a,—Mr. Gabriel Wells (" Ruralization of Women," the Spectator, January 16th) challenges the "native intuition" of Lady Astor or myself. I fear...

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AN AMERICAN PROFESSOR'S "REFLECTIONS ON OXFORD"

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR. Sni,—Experience at Cambridge, examining in History Greats at Oxford and much external knowledge of their teaching and school, and residence...

THE MERCHANDISE MARKS ACT

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[To the Editor of the &merit:ma.] see in the papers that in connexion with the Safe- guarding of Industries there is some talk of amending the Merchandise Marks Act. May I...

THE BRITISH EMPIRE 'EXHIBITION

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[To the Editor of the Sewn:ma.] Sni,—Surely :the one and only logical .thing to do in connec- tion with the site and buildings out at 'Wembley is to establish there a National...

THE KENSINGTON PHYSICAL TREATMENT - • CENTRE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATORI SIR,—Seeing in your issue of December 19th the letter signed by Dr. Sanguinetti with regard to the Kensington Physical Treatment Centre at 14...

. FOR LOVERS OF ktisic [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR." . . SIR,—Will you kindly permit me through your columns to -explain to the enthusiasts who never missed the Backhouse String Quartet Informal Concerts in Gordon...

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HOSPITALS AND STATE MAINTENANCE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—With reference to the article in your issue of Nov. 28th, while sincerely hoping that the Voluntary Hospital system may be maintained in...

EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS

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THE SECRET OF THE COAL SITUATION.—Mr. Thomas E. Slater writes : "In view of the fact that Mr. Bossom is an architect practising in America, it is hardly to be wondered at that...

THE PRESERVATION OF MEMORY

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I am very , much interested in the letter of your corres- pondent on this subject, also your. notes. For some months I have been...

POETRY

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WOMAN AND PROFESSOR HE stood and pointed with scorn at a Bond Street window, A quaint, dry figure in that delectable place. "All this finery," he said, "all these fripperies,...

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A BOOK OF THE MOMENT

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THE CANADIAN POINT OF VIEW !COPYRIGHT IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY THE New York Times.] The United States as a Neighbour from a Canadian Point of View. By Sir Robert...

CHANGES OF ADDRESS.

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Postal Subscribers changing their address, or who while travelling desire their copies of the paper to be sent to a temporary address, are asked to notify the SPECTATOR Office...

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REPORT ON THE

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COMPETITIONS The Editor offered two prizes of 9.5, the first for a new Tale for Children, the second for a new "Biography for Beginners." WE must be forgiven if the report on...

A NEW COMPETITION

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The Editor offers a prize of £5 for a report, in not more Than five hundred words exclusive of quotations, upon the following entries for the previous competition. The prize...

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Two expensive editions merit a passing notice : The Tragedie

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of Julius Caesar (Benn. 4 guineas) being a reprint of the First Folio printed litteratim, with introduction by Mr. Granville Barker ; and a facsimile manuscript of Balzac's...

HAS POVERTY DIMINISHED?

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Has Poverty Diminished ? By A. L. Bowley and M. H. Hogg. (P. S. King. 10s. (3d.) Has Poverty Diminished ? By A. L. Bowley and M. H. Hogg. (P. S. King. 10s. (3d.) HAS Poverty...

Kipling and his Soldiers, by Patrick Braybrooke (Daniel, 7s. (3d.)

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seemed an interesting subject for these notes, but, alas ! the volume has little charm and less style.

General William Mitchell's Winged Defense (Putnam's,'" 10s. (3d.), written before

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he was court-martialled at Washington . for insubordination in publishing statements alleging that the United_ States was practically defenceless by air, is worth close reading,...

We descend from these sumptuous monuments dedicated to another age

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to the well-loved - lyrics of The Savoy Operas (Macmillan. 88. which contain the complete text of W. S. Gilbert's immortal librettos from 1875-1896. Who that first heard, as...

THIS WEEK'S BOOKS

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The Private Correspondence and Miscellaneous Papers of Samuel Pepys (G. Bell and Sons. 2 vols. 26s.) is edited by Dr. Tanner, and furnishes an interesting light on Pepys'...

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THE -CHAOS -IN -CHINA'

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Unwin. 21s.) • ' Tirri very involved situation in Republican China is elucidated, 4 any rate, as regards its broad outlines, by these two topical books. Mr. Putnam Weele's is...

THE PAi 7 -"S 'OF_ DIClikNS The Days of Diekend. • By'A.L.

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Hayward. (Routled g e. 15s. net). Iv is through Dickens with his romantic and passionate philanthropy, his piercing blue-book reporter's mind that we can see the life that...

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E1tGL1SH-SPEAKING PEOPLE'S AND RACIAL. - PURITY

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Anglo-Saxon Unity and other Essays. By C. A. Brooke- Cunningham. (Selwyn and Blount, Ltd.) SINCE the beginning of the present centiiry the bibliography concerning the relations...

THE GOSPEL OF ST. JOHN

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No gospel begins so abruptly and magnificently as St. John's, and no book of the New Testament except the Revelation could have provided an plain a shock to the orthodox Jewish...

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CURRENT LITERATURE

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WELLINGTON. By the Hon. John Fortescue. (Williams and Norgate. 10s. 6d. net. ) The historian of the British Army was well qualified to write a short life of Wellington. We need...

THE WORKS OF SAMUEL DE CHAMPLAIN. In six volumes under

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the general editorship of H. P. Biggar. Vol. II. (Toronto : The Champlain Society.) THE brave and able French sea-captain who explored the St. Lawrence valley, and founded...

PROFESSOR MASON'S able monograph on the legal position of trade

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unions is designed to show why the Clayton Act Of 1914, which was thought by American trade union leaders to place American unions in the same privileged position as British...

A DRAMA OF JACOBEAN LIFE

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The Overbury Mystery. A Chronicle of fact and drama of the Law. By His Honour Judge Edward Abbott Parry. (T. Fisher Unwin. 21s. net.) THE mysterious death of Sir Thomas Overbury...

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FICTION

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• STYLE AND HYSTERIA • The Testament of Dominic Btuieigh. Edited by-Godfrey Elton. (Allen and Unwin. 5s. net.) MR. D. H. LAWRENCE once wrote a remarkably fine novel, Sons and...

• LAYMEN AND THE NEW ARCHITECTURE. By Manning Robertson, A.R.I.B.A.,

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F.R.A.S. (John Murray. 12s. net.) • " . . . ALTHOUGH it has been approached from many c directions, architecture remains without a popular chart," writes the author in the...

MINIMS. By Kapp. (Faber and Gwyer. 2s. 6d. net.)

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THESE " scribbles," SS the artist calls them, are "attempts to catch moods, emotions:sensations, with one or two strokes of the pen " : and it would be extremely easy, at a...

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• ' EMPIRE DEVELOPMENTS.

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There was no More, interesting part of Mr. Goodenough's : speech than his reference to the part played by banking develoRing tIe,QUtOeLOf our OyerSen: Dominions, and on this...

- • ' HOPEFUL VIEWS.

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Of course, some allowance has to be made for the fact that bankers rarely allow themselves to wax pessi- mistic in their annual speeches, and certainly so far as the record of...

TASK OF THE BANKER.

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Particularly good was his definition of the respective tasks of British bankers and the British public in furthering these developments. It is not, of course, as he said; the...

MR. MCKENNA'S SPEECH'.

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- As usual, the speech of Mr. McKenna of the Midland Bank teemed with interest, and not the least satisfactory part of it was the hopeful view taken with regard to the trade...

FINA.NCE-PUBLIC AND PRIVATE

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BANKERS ON THE SITUATION BY ARTHUR W. KIDDY. I FANCY that not a few financial writers will agree with me when I say that there is no more congenial occupation at this period...

ECONOMIZING USE OF GOLD.

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The chairman of Barclays Bank then passed to a consideration of the fact that not only Oversea Dominions but all parts of the world are likely to be in need of fresh capital...

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

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Praavra. :—Roving through Southern China. By H. F. Franck. (Fisher TJnwm. 21s.)—Caitadicin Trails Revisited. By E. Walker. (W. Stevens. 8s. 6d.)—Burgundy and Morvan. By W. M....

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A RETROSPECT.

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I should not, however, be doing full justice to the spirit of Mr. McKenna's remarks concerning our return to gold if I failed to record the fact that he also expressed the view...

A GOOD PROSPECT.

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I am glad, therefore, to lay the more especial emphasis upon the fact that Mr. McKenna, in concluding his review of the events of the past few years leading up to the Gold...

THE ITALIAN SETTLEMENT.

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I imagine that before these notes appear in print a settlement will have been reached with regard to the Italian War Debt, and even if its terms are not so satisfactory to the...

FINANCIAL NOTES

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Tan RISE IN STERLING. Qum the outstanding feature of the Stock Markets during the past week has been the strength of the gilt-edged section, and the causes operating are...

FOREIGN LOANS.

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These considerations in their turn have had all the greater effect upon the market for gilt-edged securities, first because apprehensions which had been entertained of adverse...

LOOKING AHEAD.

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Most valuable and practical was that part of the speech of the Chairman of the Midland Bank, in which he raised the pertinent question of the actual effect likely to be produced...